Deck 8: The Nervous System

Question 1

Which brain structure maintains homeostasis and influences blood pressure,heart rate,digestive activity,breathing rate,and other important physiological functions in the body?

A)hypothalamus
B)medulla oblongata
C)thalamus
D)cerebellum

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Perry joined the National Guard and was sent overseas to a war zone.While on duty,an improvised explosive device went off near him and he barely escaped unharmed.What would be true of his nervous system?

A)Parasympathetic impulses were increased.
B)Most sympathetic impulses were reduced.
C)The sympathetic neurons all released acetylcholine.
D)Norepinephrine and epinephrine were released.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Wow! That medicine really tasted bitter! In which lobe of the cerebrum did you consciously think about that?

A)frontal
B)occipital
C)temporal
D)parietal

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Dr.Ling,the famous brain surgeon,removes a portion of the skull during surgery.Which of the meninges does she see first?

A)ventricle
B)pia mater
C)dura mater
D)arachnoid

Question 5

During an automobile accident,Susan received a serious head injury to the left side.Afterward she had a hard time speaking,although she showed that she understood what was being said to her.Which area of her cerebrum was damaged?

A)occipital lobe
B)frontal lobe
C)temporal lobe
D)medulla oblongata

Question 6

Stress,relaxation,hunger,consuming the wrong foods,and too much or too little sleep can contribute to which of the following?

A)stroke
B)coma
C)headache
D)spinal cord injury

Question 7

Ivana has a rapidly growing brain tumor and must be put on life support because she can no longer maintain appropriate heart and respiratory rates.She is also having trouble maintaining blood pressure.The most likely area that the tumor is affecting is the ________.

A)corpus callosum
B)thalamus
C)occipital lobe
D)medulla oblongata

Question 8

Which of these structures is located under the cerebral hemispheres and is important in sensory experience,motor activity,stimulation of the cerebral cortex,and memory?

A)hypothalamus
B)thalamus
C)pons
D)cerebellum

Question 9

This 1-inch section of the brain controls the breathing rhythm and heart rate.

A)temporal lobe
B)hippocampus
C)occipital lobe
D)medulla oblongata

Question 10

When you ride your bike to class,what area of the cerebrum are you using to move your leg muscles?

A)premotor cortex
B)corpus callosum
C)somatosensory
D)Broca's area

Question 11

Tunde has started to forget where she puts things and often forgets the names of people she has just met.What part of her brain is most likely not performing properly,according to the information in the text?

A)prefrontal cortex
B)hippocampus
C)cerebrum
D)cerebellum

Question 12

Which of the following is a specific function of the cerebrospinal fluid?

A)thinking
B)promoting inflammation
C)bone building
D)shock absorption

Question 13

Sam was in a terrible head-on collision.When he recovered from all of the obvious,external injuries,the once affable and happy-go-lucky person had become surly and very unfriendly.Which part of his cerebrum was most likely damaged?

A)prefrontal cortex
B)Broca's area
C)thalamus
D)postcentral gyrus

Question 14

A very deep groove that runs between the right and left cerebral hemispheres is called the ________.

A)lateral fissure
B)central fissure
C)fissure of Rolando
D)longitudinal fissure

Question 15

The patient is awake many times during brain surgery.In an operation to remove a brain tumor,Dr.Judson accidentally poked a certain area of the cerebrum,whereupon the patient said: "Why is my arm being tickled?" What area was poked?

A)pons
B)occipital lobe
C)primary somatosensory area
D)medulla

Question 16

If you go to the refrigerator and reach in to take out a drink,you will not normally fall over because of this part of the brain.

A)pons
B)choroid plexus
C)cerebellum
D)amygdala

Question 17

Charles is comatose.What part of his brain is not working properly?

A)limbic system
B)reticular activating system
C)corpus callosum
D)amygdala

Question 18

Which of the following structures connects the spinal cord to the rest of the brain and influences breathing rhythm and blood pressure?

A)cerebrum
B)pons
C)medulla oblongata
D)thalamus

Question 19

Which of the following can be defined as a collection of structures involved in emotions and memory?

A)CNS
B)limbic system
C)autonomic system
D)parasympathetic system

Question 20

You are generally not aware of the texture of the cloth of your shirt as it rests on your shoulders,unless someone or something happens to make you think of it.What part of the brain is responsible for filtering out such stimuli?

A)reticular activating center
B)primary motor area
C)postcentral gyrus
D)cerebellum

Question 21

The thin outer layer (1- to 2-mm thick)of each hemisphere of the brain that serves to increase the surface area by being arranged in a folded manner is called the ________.

Question 22

George's friends have just sprung a surprise birthday party on him.He uses the ________ as he takes in the current situation and then responds.

Question 23

The ________ is the branch of the peripheral nervous system that is made up of nerves that carry information to and from the CNS,which results in sensations and voluntary movement.

Question 24

Heidi injured a ventral root below her ribs.What problem will she likely experience?

A)She will not be able to close her eyes.
B)She will become deaf.
C)She will lose all sense of touch in her abdomen.
D)She will have trouble walking.

Question 25

Memory,emotions,and your sense of smell all meet in the ________.

Question 26

Inflammation of the protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord is known as ________.

Question 27

The ________ of the cerebral cortex sends messages to the skeletal muscles in order to control voluntary movement.

Question 28

________ memory stores large amounts of information for hours,days,or years.

Question 29

Fred has been diagnosed with a disease that causes him to forget that his relatives have been to see him.What parts of his brain are likely affected,given this information?

A)hippocampus and amygdala
B)medulla oblongata and thalamus
C)corpus callosum and pons
D)cerebellum and midbrain

Question 30

A circuit of neurons that helps in the automatic response to a stimulus is a(n)________.

Question 31

Juanita was in an automobile accident and received a bad bump on her head.Although she had been a slender and calm person,after the accident she began to eat a lot and have emotional ups and downs.Her body temperature also fluctuated more dramatically than in the past.What part of her brain is most likely damaged?

A)cerebellum
B)midbrain
C)hypothalamus
D)fornix

Question 32

When you feel a mosquito on your arm,you are consciously aware of it in the ________ in the cerebrum.

Question 33

Your neighbor tried to lift a propane tank onto the back of his pickup truck and ruptured the cartilaginous disk between two of his vertebrae.What is most likely to happen to him?

A)He will have bloody stools.
B)He will suffer pain from a compressed spinal nerve.
C)He might have severe brain damage.
D)His spinal nerve cord will enlarge.

Question 34

The ________ functions as the sensory area for touch,vision,hearing,and olfaction as well as association areas for interpreting sensations,language,thinking,decision making,self-awareness,creativity,and storing memories.

Question 35

The ________ consists of myelinated axons that conduct impulses over long distances.

Question 36

The ________ is responsible for converting information from the short-term to the long-term memory.

Question 37

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Corpus callosum
B)Pons
C)Thalamus
D)Somatic nervous system
E)Limbic system
F)Hypothalamus
G)Parasympathetic nervous system
H)Sympathetic nervous system
I)Reticular activating system
J)Autonomic nervous system
This is a group of brain structures that helps us to experience feelings such as joy,fear,and anger.

Question 38

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Corpus callosum
B)Pons
C)Thalamus
D)Somatic nervous system
E)Limbic system
F)Hypothalamus
G)Parasympathetic nervous system
H)Sympathetic nervous system
I)Reticular activating system
J)Autonomic nervous system
A loud,unexpected noise will cause this part of the autonomic nervous system to become active.

Question 39

As John walked outside the ballpark,a foul ball sailed over the fence and came straight at him.He saw it,and before he could think of what to do,he had reflexively jumped out of the way.What part of the brain saved John from a nasty bump?

A)hypothalamus
B)pons
C)medulla oblongata
D)midbrain

Question 40

If a certain water-soluble,intravenous antibiotic is not succeeding in defeating the germs inside the central nervous system,the ________ may be the cause of the failure.

Question 41

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Corpus callosum
B)Pons
C)Thalamus
D)Somatic nervous system
E)Limbic system
F)Hypothalamus
G)Parasympathetic nervous system
H)Sympathetic nervous system
I)Reticular activating system
J)Autonomic nervous system
This part of the peripheral nervous system carries sensory information from the skin,skeletal muscles,and joints to the central nervous system and may also direct voluntary movements.

Question 42

While driving down the Interstate at rush hour,you get cut off by an 18-wheeler and have to slam on the brakes.In addition to a major case of road rage,you also develop a rapid heart rate and breathing rate.What caused this increase? (Indicate branch of the nervous system and neurotransmitters.)What is happening to your digestion at this point?

Question 43

Enrique was working with chemicals in a paint factory and suddenly lost the ability to detect odors.Could this loss have anything to do with a failure in the thalamus?

Question 44

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Corpus callosum
B)Pons
C)Thalamus
D)Somatic nervous system
E)Limbic system
F)Hypothalamus
G)Parasympathetic nervous system
H)Sympathetic nervous system
I)Reticular activating system
J)Autonomic nervous system
Tissue located within the brain that allows the left- and right-cerebral hemispheres to communicate with one another.

Question 45

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Corpus callosum
B)Pons
C)Thalamus
D)Somatic nervous system
E)Limbic system
F)Hypothalamus
G)Parasympathetic nervous system
H)Sympathetic nervous system
I)Reticular activating system
J)Autonomic nervous system
A tumor here may cause you to eat either too much or too little.

Question 46

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Corpus callosum
B)Pons
C)Thalamus
D)Somatic nervous system
E)Limbic system
F)Hypothalamus
G)Parasympathetic nervous system
H)Sympathetic nervous system
I)Reticular activating system
J)Autonomic nervous system
This part of the peripheral nervous system regulates involuntary body functions,heart rate,and breathing rate.

Question 47

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Corpus callosum
B)Pons
C)Thalamus
D)Somatic nervous system
E)Limbic system
F)Hypothalamus
G)Parasympathetic nervous system
H)Sympathetic nervous system
I)Reticular activating system
J)Autonomic nervous system
This filters sensory input.

Question 48

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Corpus callosum
B)Pons
C)Thalamus
D)Somatic nervous system
E)Limbic system
F)Hypothalamus
G)Parasympathetic nervous system
H)Sympathetic nervous system
I)Reticular activating system
J)Autonomic nervous system
This portion of the central nervous system governs bodily activities during restful conditions.

Question 49

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Corpus callosum
B)Pons
C)Thalamus
D)Somatic nervous system
E)Limbic system
F)Hypothalamus
G)Parasympathetic nervous system
H)Sympathetic nervous system
I)Reticular activating system
J)Autonomic nervous system
A structure in the brain that bridges the higher and lower brain centers.

Question 50

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Corpus callosum
B)Pons
C)Thalamus
D)Somatic nervous system
E)Limbic system
F)Hypothalamus
G)Parasympathetic nervous system
H)Sympathetic nervous system
I)Reticular activating system
J)Autonomic nervous system
A portion of the brain that processes all sensory information except olfaction and relays information to the appropriate higher brain centers.

Question 51

Professor Morningstar has developed a terrific new antibiotic to be taken orally in water-based syrup,but it is not working against bacterial meningitis.Based on the information in this chapter,can you suggest a reason? Can you suggest a solution to the problem using the information in the textbook?

Question 52

If Georgina takes a drug that increases the effects of norepinephrine,what changes would we see in the basic activities of her body?

Question 53

Arnold was involved in a major traffic accident and some of his spinal nerves were cut.What are his chances for a full recovery? Please explain your answer.

Question 54

Shawfiq must have a benign tumor removed from his brain.The surgeon tells him that only local anesthesia will be administered as she cuts through Shawfiq's scalp,and that he will remain conscious the whole time.Shawfiq is really nervous about this because the brain seems to be a very sensitive area to have surgery on,particularly while he is wide awake.Explain to him why he shouldn't be so nervous.