Deck 18: European and American Art, 1840-1910

Question 1

Architects that rejected the values of modern industry and recaptured a pre-industrial sense of beauty practiced which of the following styles?

A)Art Nouveau
B)historicism
C)Impressionism
D)Realism

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What does "camera obscura" mean?

A)lost machine
B)mysterious picture
C)dark chamber
D)missing image

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In architecture,drawing on motifs from historic models is a practice called

A)passage technique.
B)Arts and Crafts Movement.
C)Art Nouveau.
D)historicism.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which group of artists is well known for painting en plein air?

A)the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
B)the Impressionists
C)the Romanticists
D)the Pointillists

Question 5

Which photographic process involved developing a negative from which an unlimited number of positives could be made?

A)daguerreotype
B)calotype
C)lithograph
D)albumen print

Question 6

Which of the following describes Harriet Hosmer's Zenobia in Chains?

A)submissive
B)defiant
C)seductive
D)erotic

Question 7

Which group of artists advocated a naturalistic approach to painting and moralizing subject matter?

A)the Impressionists
B)the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
C)the Post-Impressionists
D)the Symbolists

Question 8

Which is an early photographic process that was used to make a print with a silver-coated metal plate treated with iodine fumes and exposed to mercury vapor?

A)daguerreotype
B)calotype
C)lithograph
D)albumen print

Question 9

The Eiffel Tower was constructed for

A)the anniversary of the French Revolution.
B)the French bicentennial.
C)the Universal Exposition.
D)the World's Fair.

Question 10

Who took portraits of famous British scholars and wanted to make photography an art form in its own right?

A)Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre
B)William Henry Fox Talbot
C)Julia Margaret Cameron
D)Alexander Gardner

Question 11

Which artist carried the "organic" principle the furthest,incorporating it even into the structure of his architecture?

A)Antoni Gaudi
B)William Morris
C)Louis Sullivan
D)Gustave Eiffel

Question 12

Who began his career as an artist for the press during the Civil War?

A)Winslow Homer
B)Thomas Eakins
C)Henry O.Tanner
D)Mary Cassatt

Question 13

According to Charles Garnier,to hear,to see,and to be seen was the purpose of what?

A)the Louvre
B)art museums
C)the Paris Opera house
D)the Eiffel Tower

Question 14

According to the author,who was "the most uncompromising American Realist" of the second half of the nineteenth century?

A)Winslow Homer
B)Thomas Eakins
C)Henry O.Tanner
D)Mary Cassatt

Question 15

Which style of art did Winslow Homer say he thought was most appropriate for a democracy?

A)Impressionism
B)Romanticism
C)Realism
D)Neoclassicism

Question 16

Architects from which city are credited with the development of the skyscraper?

A)New York
B)Chicago
C)Paris
D)St.Louis

Question 17

To gain access to stockyards and slaughterhouses,Rosa Bonheur had to get police permission to

A)dissect a cadaver.
B)draw a nude model.
C)wear men's clothing.
D)take paints into the Louvre.

Question 18

In the Wainwright Building,what did Louis Sullivan adapt from the Beaux-Arts tradition?

A)steel construction
B)a vertical emphasis
C)opulent ornamentation
D)base,body,and crowning cornice elements

Question 19

From where did the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood borrow their ideas about symbolism?

A)Early Renaissance art
B)Mannerist art
C)Baroque art
D)Rococo art

Question 20

Whose work was hated by conservative critics because of its focus on the common people and its disregard for traditional composition and traditional standards of beauty?

A)Gustave Courbet
B)Rosa Bonheur
C)Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
D)Adélaïde Labille-Guiard

Question 21

In Toulouse-Lautrec's Jane Avril,which of the following is a particularly strong influence?

A)pointillism
B)synthetism
C)japonisme
D)passage technique

Question 22

Describe the style and composition of The Banjo Lesson by Henry O.Tanner.How does the artist use and challenge the characteristics of Realism?

Question 23

Which of the following differentiates Georges Seurat from Impressionism?

A)the subjects he chooses
B)the bright colors
C)the formal geometry of the composition
D)the lack of glazing and blending

Question 24

Who changed the Impressionist brushstroke to be more solid and rectangular according to a grid of vertical and horizontal shapes?

A)Paul Gauguin
B)Vincent van Gogh
C)Edvard Munch
D)Paul Cézanne

Question 25

Which artist contributed most significantly to the emergence of expressionism?

A)Georges Seurat
B)Vincent van Gogh
C)Paul Cézanne
D)Paul Signac

Question 26

Who began the concept of seeing objects from different viewpoints into the same painting?

A)Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
B)Edvard Munch
C)Paul Gauguin
D)Paul Cézanne

Question 27

The art of which country so greatly influenced French art in the last half of the nineteenth century that a term was coined (the country's name being the root of the term)just to describe this influence?

A)China
B)Japan
C)India
D)Turkey

Question 28

Which group first organized exhibitions independent from the official Salon?

A)the Realists
B)the Impressionists
C)the Post-Impressionists
D)the Symbolists

Question 29

Compare and contrast the architectural style of the Opéra and the Wainwright Building.

Question 30

Discuss the style of The Starry Night by Vincent van Gogh.How does van Gogh expand on the ideas of the Impressionists?

Question 31

Why was Nocturne in Black and Gold,The Falling Rocket by James Abbott McNeill Whistler a controversial work? Discuss the formal characteristics.

Question 32

What was japonisme and how did it influence Western art? Give an example.

Question 33

Mary Cassatt is best known for painting

A)landscapes.
B)the ballet.
C)outdoor social scenes.
D)mother and child.

Question 34

The original idea of the avant-garde,as applied to art,was that it would prepare people for

A)social change.
B)intellectual ideas.
C)unusual designs.
D)new subject matter.

Question 35

What was Georges Seurat's technique called?

A)Impressionism
B)pointillism
C)symbolism
D)synthetism