Deck 11: Managing Knowledge

Question 1

Because neural network applications cannot always explain why they arrive at a particular solution, they are not well suited for use in the medical profession.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

CAD is a type of intelligent technique.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Enterprise content management systems are designed to manage structured information, while other systems, such as KWS, are designed to manage semistructured and unstructured information.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Intelligent agents are used primarily for specific, repetitive and predictable tasks.

Question 5

Expert systems work by applying a set of AND/OR rules against a knowledge base, both of which are extracted from human experts.

Question 6

Knowledge is universally applicable and easily moved.

Question 7

Knowledge residing in the minds of employees that has not been documented is called explicit knowledge.

Question 8

Expert systems capture the knowledge of skilled employees in the form of a set of rules in a software system that can be used by others in the organization.

Question 9

Fuzzy logic systems "learn" patterns from large quantities of data by sifting through data, searching for relationships, building models, and correcting over and over again the model's own mistakes.

Question 10

Knowledge can reside in e-mail, voice mail, graphics, and unstructured documents as well as structured documents.

Question 11

Structured knowledge is explicit knowledge that exists in informal documents.

Question 12

Expert systems are typically used in business in discrete, highly structured decision-making situations.

Question 13

VRML requires the use of a powerful server as well as large amounts of bandwidth.

Question 14

Fuzzy logic can describe a particular phenomenon or process linguistically and then represent that description in a small number of flexible rules.

Question 15

Semistructured information is all the knowledge in a firm that resides in the heads of experienced employees.

Question 16

Intelligent agents can discover underlying patterns, categories, and behaviors in large data sets.

Question 17

Shopping bots are a form of intelligent agent.

Question 18

Expert systems are the primary tools used for knowledge discovery.

Question 19

Knowledge workers include all of a company's workers who are tasked with managing or creating knowledge, from top-level scientists to clerical and data workers.

Question 20

Case-based reasoning is not well-suited for diagnostic systems in medicine.

Question 21

You are advising a multimedia company on the best type of knowledge management system to help them archive digital video and sound clips. Which of the following will suit their needs?

A) enterprise content management system
B) digital asset management system
C) knowledge network system
D) VRML system

Question 22

What is meant by the statement "knowledge is sticky"?

A) Knowledge is hard to move.
B) Knowledge is universally applicable.
C) Knowledge works only in certain situations.
D) Knowledge is intangible.

Question 23

The percentage of gross domestic product of the United States that is produced by the knowledge and information sectors is estimated to be about ________ percent.

A) 20
B) 40
C) 60
D) 80

Question 24

Which of the following systems digitizes, indexes, and tags documents according to a coherent framework?

A) wikis
B) CAD
C) document management
D) LMS

Question 25

Specialized systems built for engineers, scientists, and other knowledge workers charged with discovering and creating new knowledge for a company are called

A) KWS.
B) LMS.
C) wikis.
D) CAD systems.

Question 26

Which of the following is not a typical component or capability of an enterprise-wide knowledge management system?

A) collaboration tools
B) KWS
C) document management
D) LMS

Question 27

Which of the following statements is not an accurate description of the importance of knowledge to a firm?

A) Knowledge experiences network effects as more people share it.
B) Knowledge should be seen as an intangible key asset.
C) Knowledge enables firms to become more efficient in their use of scarce resources.
D) Knowledge is unconditional.

Question 28

The set of business processes, culture, and behavior required to obtain value from investments in information systems is one type of

A) knowledge culture.
B) knowledge discovery.
C) organizational and management capital.
D) organizational routine.

Question 29

Informal social networks of professionals and employees within and outside the firm who have similar work-related activities and interests are called communities of

A) practice.
B) professionals.
C) interest.
D) knowledge.

Question 30

Which of the following is not one of the main four dimensions of knowledge described in the chapter?

A) Knowledge is a firm asset.
B) Knowledge has different forms.
C) Knowledge has no locations.
D) Knowledge is situational.

Question 31

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between collaboration and knowledge management?

A) Without knowledge, collaboration is difficult.
B) Knowledge doesn't exist without collaboration.
C) Knowledge is useful only when shared with others.
D) As knowledge increases, so does collaboration.

Question 32

The flow of events or transactions captured by an organization's system describes

A) information.
B) data.
C) wisdom.
D) knowledge.

Question 33

Fuzzy logic is a type of

A) data mining.
B) neural network.
C) intelligent technique.
D) business intelligence.

Question 34

Which of the following would not be considered semistructured knowledge?

A) request for proposals
B) voice-mail
C) videos
D) e-mail

Question 35

Which of the following are the three major types of knowledge management systems?

A) management information systems, decision support systems, and transaction processing systems
B) enterprise systems, customer support systems, and supply chain management systems
C) database management systems, expert systems, and knowledge work systems
D) enterprise-wide knowledge management systems, knowledge work systems, and intelligent techniques

Question 36

In order, which are the value-adding steps in the knowledge business value chain?

A) acquire, store, disseminate, apply, feedback
B) data and information acquisition, acquire, store, disseminate, apply
C) acquire, disseminate, apply, feedback, management and organizational activities
D) data and information acquisition, store, disseminate, feedback, apply

Question 37

Expertise and experience of organizational members that has not been formally documented best describes

A) wisdom.
B) information.
C) data.
D) tacit knowledge.

Question 38

Once a knowledge taxonomy is developed, documents are all ________ with the proper classification.

A) tagged
B) linked
C) tupled
D) referenced

Question 39

What type of knowledge management system did Canadian Tire implement in order to improve the communications with dealers?

A) digital asset management system
B) content management system
C) learning management system
D) knowledge network system

Question 40

Changing organizational behavior by sensing and responding to new experience and knowledge is called

A) change management.
B) knowledge networking.
C) the knowledge value chain.
D) organizational learning.

Question 41

Which of the following would not be classified as a knowledge work system?

A) computer-aided design system
B) 3D visualization system
C) investment workstations
D) expert system

Question 42

An inference engine is

A) a strategy for searching the rule base in case-based reasoning.
B) the programming environment of an expert system.
C) a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks.
D) a strategy used to search through the rule base in an expert system by forward chaining or backward chaining.

Question 43

Which of the following is a type of intelligent technique?

A) knowledge networks
B) case based reasoning
C) computer-aided design
D) VRML

Question 44

Your company wants to develop intelligent techniques to create a "smart" oven that can perfectly cook basic foodstuffs, such as roasts and bread, using sensors and minimal input from the user. The system would know the difference between rare, medium rare, medium, and well done roasts. The category of intelligent technique that would describe this system is

A) expert system.
B) neural network.
C) case based reasoning.
D) fuzzy logic.

Question 45

Tools for the management, delivery, tracking, and assessment of various types of employee learning best describes a(n)

A) investment workstation.
B) organizational learning system.
C) employee enrichment system.
D) learning management system.

Question 46

Which of the following is not a Web 2.0 tool firms are using to foster collaboration?

A) blogs
B) intranets
C) wikis
D) social bookmarking

Question 47

It is unlikely you could represent the knowledge in the Encyclopedia Britannica with an expert system because

A) there is no one expert who understands all the material contained within the encyclopedia.
B) the knowledge changes radically over a short time.
C) not all the knowledge in the encyclopedia can be represented in the form of IF-THEN rules.
D) the knowledge is too general.

Question 48

Investment workstations

A) provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.
B) provide an important source of expertise for organizations.
C) allow groups to work together on documents.
D) are used in the financial sector to analyze trading situations instantaneously and facilitate portfolio management.

Question 49

Which of the following statements about the use of wikis by firms is not True?

A) They are inexpensive and easy to implement.
B) Users are able to modify wiki content contributed by others.
C) They are most appropriate for information that must be revised but does not need to be available 24/7.
D) They can be used as a central repository for all types of corporate data such as spreadsheets and e-mail.

Question 50

________ often are designed and optimized for the specific tasks to be performed.

A) Graphics programs
B) Knowledge workstations
C) Virtual simulators
D) CAD stations

Question 51

Most knowledge workers require specialized knowledge work systems, but they also rely on

A) office systems.
B) schools and universities.
C) imaging systems.
D) data transferring systems.

Question 52

Expert systems

A) solve problems too difficult for human experts.
B) are based on DO WHILE rules.
C) work in very limited domains.
D) share characteristics with mainframe computing.

Question 53

Technology that consists of computer-based systems that attempt to emulate human behavior is called

A) fuzzy logic.
B) neural networks.
C) AI technology.
D) genetic algorithms.

Question 54

Forward chaining is

A) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with information entered by the user.
B) the programming environment of an expert system.
C) a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks.
D) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with a hypothesis.

Question 55

A ________ is very important to a knowledge worker's system.

A) careful filing system
B) financial analysis system
C) CAD capability
D) user-friendly interface

Question 56

Which of the following systems is not used to capture tacit knowledge?

A) expert system
B) case-based reasoning
C) fuzzy logic
D) neural network

Question 57

Backward chaining is

A) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with information entered by the user.
B) the programming environment of an expert system.
C) a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks.
D) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with a hypothesis.

Question 58

Which of the following techniques is used for knowledge discovery?

A) expert system
B) transaction processing systems
C) case-based reasoning
D) data mining

Question 59

Virtual reality systems

A) provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.
B) provide an important source of expertise for organizations.
C) allow groups to work together on documents.
D) provide architects, engineers, and medical workers with precise, photorealistic simulations of objects.

Question 60

CAD workstations

A) provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.
B) provide an important source of expertise for organizations.
C) allow groups to work together on documents.
D) are high-end PCs used in the financial sector to analyze trading situations instantaneously and facilitate portfolio management.

Question 61

________ seeks to enhance human perception by combining a live direct view of the physical world with computer-generated images.

Question 62

The user-created taxonomies created for shared bookmarks are called ________.

Question 63

To automate routine tasks to help firms search for and filter information for use in electronic commerce and supply chain management a firm would most likely use

A) CAD systems.
B) virtual reality systems.
C) fuzzy logic systems.
D) intelligent agents.

Question 64

________ is explicit knowledge that exists in formal documents, as well as in formal rules that organizations derive by observing experts and their decision-making behaviors.

Question 65

Genetic algorithms

A) develop solutions to particular problems using fitness, crossover, and mutation.
B) represent knowledge as groups of characteristics.
C) do not work for most problems.
D) are based on logic.

Question 66

________ is thought to be the collective and individual experience of applying knowledge to the solution of problems.

Question 67

You are an automotive engineer working on an application that will automatically parallel park a car. The intelligent technique you may find most useful is

A) case-based reasoning.
B) artificial intelligence.
C) fuzzy logic.
D) expert system.

Question 68

A(n) ________ is a scheme for classifying information and knowledge in such a way that it can be easily accessed.

Question 69

________ are also known as expertise location and management systems.

Question 70

Expert systems are expensive and time-consuming to maintain because

A) their rule base is so complex.
B) they rely on equipment that becomes outdated.
C) their rules must be reprogrammed every time there is a change in the environment, which in turn may change the applicable rules.
D) only the person who created the system knows exactly how it works, and may not be available when changes are needed.

Question 71

Systems that integrate genetic algorithms, fuzzy logic, neural networks, and expert systems are called ________ systems.

Question 72

Which of the following describes a difference between neural networks and genetic algorithms?

A) Genetic algorithms are designed to process large amounts of information.
B) Genetic algorithms are a type of knowledge discovery, while neural networks are an intelligent technique.
C) Neural networks are programmed to "learn."
D) All of the above.

Question 73

An AI technology called ________ uses algorithms and statistical methods to extract rules from massive data sets and make predictions about the future.

Question 74

Software programs that work in the background without direct human intervention to carry out specific, repetitive, and predictable tasks for individual users, business processes, or software applications, are called

A) intelligent agents.
B) intelligent techniques.
C) business intelligence.
D) AI hybrid systems.

Question 75

In this technique, descriptions of past experiences of human specialists are stored in a database for later retrieval when the user encounters a situation with similar characteristics.

A) CBR
B) fuzzy logic
C) data mining
D) LMS

Question 76

A(n) ________ is a system that provides tools for the management of various types of employee education and training.

Question 77

Virtually all expert systems deal with problems of

A) policy development.
B) classification.
C) logic and control.
D) high complexity.

Question 78

Hardware and software that attempts to emulate the processing patterns of the biological brain best describes

A) a neural network.
B) an expert system.
C) case-based reasoning.
D) fuzzy logic.

Question 79

What type of intelligent technique helped Procter & Gamble determine the most efficient methods for their trucks to deliver goods?

A) fuzzy logic
B) intelligent agents
C) genetic algorithms
D) none of the above

Question 80

The model of human knowledge used by expert systems is called the ________.