Deck 9: Biochemical Assessment of Nutritional Status

Question 1

Which of the following is the appropriate biochemical indicator for assessing calcium status?

A) ionized serum calcium
B) total serum calcium
C) urinary calcium
D) none of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A newborn is at increased risk of having a neural tube defect if its mother's diet was deficient in which of the following vitamins?

A) vitamin A
B) vitamin B-6
C) vitamin C
D) folate

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey show that the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in the U.S. is very low.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

While too little iodine in the diet can result in iodine deficiency disorders, high intakes of iodine are not a health concern.

Question 5

Which one of the following tests is the most sensitive indicator of iron status after iron stores are depleted but before anemia develops?

A) hematocrit
B) hemoglobin
C) serum ferritin
D) soluble transferrin receptor

Question 6

Which one of the following statements is False?

A) The diets of most Americans supply more than adequate amounts of vitamin B-12.
B) In older persons the risk of low vitamin B-12 status increases due to diminished vitamin B-12 absorption.
C) Most cases of pernicious anemia in the United States are due to inadequate production of intrinsic factor.
D) Most cases of vitamin B-12 deficiency seen in the United States are due to a dietary deficiency of the vitamin.

Question 7

The most critical period for adequate iodine intake is during uterine development and the first two years of life.

Question 8

Which one of the following is the third stage of iron depletion?

A) early functional iron deficiency without anemia
B) iron-deficiency anemia
C) depleted iron stores

Question 9

A "False positive" would occur when a person with an adequate iron status has a hemoglobin level less than the age/sex-appropriate cutpoint for diagnosing anemia.

Question 10

One advantage of using the serum concentration of soluble transferrin receptor as a biochemical marker for iron status is that it is not affected by inflammation or infection.

Question 11

Which one of the following tests provides the best indication of impaired iron status in its earliest stage?

A) hematocrit
B) hemoglobin
C) serum ferritin
D) soluble transferrin receptor

Question 12

Preschool children and women of childbearing age are the groups at greatest risk of iron deficiency.

Question 13

A major drawback to assessing mineral status by hair analysis is

A) the fact that hair mineral content does not reflect body mineral content
B) the possible contamination of hair from cosmetics, shampoos, etc.
C) the slow growth of hair
D) the high keratin content of hair

Question 14

According to data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which one of the following groups is at greatest risk of vitamin D deficiency?

A) Mexican Americans
B) Non-Hispanic Blacks
C) Non-Hispanic Whites

Question 15

Which one of the following is the most widely used indicator of recent iodine intake and iodine status?

A) the goiter rate
B) serum thyroglobulin
C) serum thyroid-stimulating hormone
D) urinary iodine

Question 16

Which one of the following is the most common nutrient deficiency in the United States?

A) folic acid
B) iron
C) vitamin A
D) vitamin C

Question 17

Which of the following is recognized as the single laboratory test for reliably assessing impaired iron status?

A) hemoglobin
B) mean corpuscular volume
C) serum ferritin
D) none of the above

Question 18

The iodization of table salt sold in Canada and in the United States is mandatory.

Question 19

Which of the following is a functional test of vitamin A status?

A) relative dose response
B) retinol isotope dilution
C) dark adaptation
D) liver biopsy

Question 20

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey show that the prevalence of iron deficiency varies little across different racial and ethnic groups.

Question 21

The percentage of red blood cells making up the entire volume of whole blood is known as packed cell volume or __________.

Question 22

Although the most common cause of anemia is iron deficiency, there are a number of other common causes which are collectively referred to as anemia of __________.

Question 23

Deficiency of vitamin D delays growth and causes __________ in children.

Question 24

The classic sign of iodine deficiency is thyroid gland enlargement which is referred to as __________.

Question 25

The term __________ refers to abnormally small red blood cells.

Question 26

Because prealbumin has a shorter __________ than albumin, changes in nutritional status can be detected more rapidly by monitoring prealbumin than by monitoring albumin.

Question 27

If sun exposure is sufficient, dietary intake of vitamin D is not necessary.

Question 28

Severe iodine deficiency in utero can result in a condition known as __________.

Question 29

Recent data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicate that iodine intake for the overall U.S. population is inadequate.

Question 30

There is a lack of agreement among nutrition researchers on what constitutes an optimal serum concentration of vitamin
D.