Deck 38: Spinal Surgery

Question 1

What type of endoscopic procedure removes a herniated disk in order to relieve pressure on the spinal nerve root?

A) Microdiskectomy
B) Percutaneous diskectomy
C) Laminectomy
D) Thoracic epidural

Answer 1

B
A percutaneous lumbar diskectomy is an endoscopic procedure to remove a focal bulge-type herniated disk.It can be done with the patient under local anesthesia and in prone or a lateral decubitus position.

Question 2

Which type of diagnostic tool is most effective at diagnosing spinal injuries?

A) Radiograph
B) PET scan
C) Ultrasound
D) MRI

Answer 2

D
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)along with a CT scan are used to evaluate spinal injuries.MRI and myelography outline soft tissue abnormalities,such as disc degeneration,protrusion,or rupture.Because it is noninvasive and seems just as effective,MRI is replacing myelography.

Question 3

Which term defines the mineralization and solidification of a movable joint?

A) Kyphosis
B) Lordosis
C) Ankylosis
D) Paralysis

Answer 3

C
The definition of ankylosis is the mineralization and solidification of a movable joint.

Question 4

A hemangioblastoma is a vascular tumor more commonly found in the cervical or thoracic area.

Question 5

Which type of spinal tumor is more common in females and common in the cervical and thoracic areas?

A) Ependymoma tumor
B) Intradural
C) Intraspinal intramedullary
D) Hemangioblastoma

Question 6

The spinal cord is composed of white matter on the outside and gray matter on the inside.

Question 7

Which of the following body systems can be affected by scoliosis?

A) Reproductive system
B) Respiratory system
C) Genitourinary system
D) Neurological system

Question 8

Which vertebrae are considered to carry the heaviest load of the vertebral column?

A) Cervical vertebrae
B) Thoracic vertebrae
C) Sacral vertebrae
D) Lumbar vertebrae

Question 9

For a patient undergoing a lumbar laminectomy,anesthesia induction would be performed in which position?

A) Supine
B) Lateral
C) Prone on a Wilson frame
D) Prone on a Jackson table

Question 10

At what level of the spinal column must injury occur to cause quadriplegia?

A) Any injury above T1
B) Between T1 and T8
C) T8-T10
D) S2-S5

Question 11

Which type of cautery is commonly used during spine surgery?

A) Handheld cautery
B) Tripolar cautery
C) Bipolar cautery
D) Monopolar cautery

Question 12

The patient lies supine and an abdominal incision is used to enter the peritoneal cavity in which type of lumbar spine procedure?

A) Anterior retroperitoneal lumbar approach
B) Posterior lumbar approach
C) Anterior transperitoneal lumbar approach
D) Posterior cervical approach

Question 13

Which type of retractor is used in spinal surgery?

A) Bayonet
B) Penfield #4
C) Kerrison
D) Beckman

Question 14

What classification of spinal cord injury is evident when some sensory and motor impulses are still present?

A) Complete
B) Incomplete
C) Sensory
D) Percutaneous

Question 15

Which is a benefit of placing a patient prone on a Jackson table during a spinal surgical procedure?

A) Easier to intubate the patient on this table
B) Optimal vertebral position
C) Increased chest excursion
D) Increased vena cava pressure

Question 16

What part of the spine is formed by the connection of the posterior laminae?

A) Vertebral arch
B) Central foramen
C) Spinous process
D) Lumbar plexus

Question 17

Which specific need of the spinal cord injury patient must be addressed after the injury?

A) Temperature control
B) Tactile sensation
C) Loss of vision
D) Loss of hearing