Deck 15: Energy Balance and Obesity

Question 1

Satiation affects eating because

A)it increases hunger.
B)you feel full.
C)your stomach contracts.
D)your interest in food increases dramatically.
E)it increases desire to exercisE.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Obesity is related to all of the following health problems or diseases,except

A)heart disease.
B)Alzheimer disease.
C)influenza.
D)hypertension.
E)diabetes.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Weight loss is recommended for anyone with a BMI

A)below 18.
B)between 18 and 25.
C)between 22 and 27.
D)between 25 and 29.
E)of 30 or higher.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

In what area does a pear-shaped person accumulate body fat?

A)upper arms
B)neck
C)hips and thighs
D)stomach
E)knees and ankles

Question 5

What is leptin?

A)a hormone produced by fat (adipose)tissue
B)a hormone that suppresses hunger
C)a hormone that encourages hunger
D)a hormone produced by fat tissue that suppresses hunger
E)a hormone produced by fat tissue that encourages hunger

Question 6

The basal metabolic rate typically accounts for what percentage of a person's total energy expenditure?

A)10%
B)25%
C)40%
D)60%
E)80%

Question 7

All of the following factors are believed to play a part in the increased rates of obesity in the United States,except

A)food environment.
B)fewer sidewalks and parks.
C)sleep deprivation.
D)increased gyms and fitness centers.
E)quitting smoking.

Question 8

Waist circumference is considered an indicator of

A)visceral fat.
B)lean tissue.
C)cellulite.
D)subcutaneous fat.
E)muscle strength.

Question 9

Which is NOT a possible outcome of weight loss surgery?

A)increased risk of heart disease
B)reduced stomach capacity
C)limited intake of food
D)increased feelings of fullness
E)weight loss

Question 10

What hormone increases hunger?

A)estrogen
B)testosterone
C)insulin
D)ghrelin
E)leptin

Question 11

Which is NOT a method for determining a person's body composition?

A)air displacement
B)bioelectrical impedance
C)dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
D)scale
E)underwater weighing

Question 12

Appetite is affected by all of the following,except

A)the sight of food.
B)the smell of food.
C)the time of day.
D)the biological need for fooD.
E)advertisements.

Question 13

What substances do humans obtain energy from?

A)proteins,carbohydrates,and fat
B)proteins and carbohydrates
C)carbohydrates and fat
D)carbohydrates,fat,and alcohol
E)protein,carbohydrates,fat,and alcohol

Question 14

Obesity is associated with increased hormone production,resulting in low-grade inflammation.This inflammation leads to all of the following,except

A)fatty liver.
B)appendicitis.
C)heart disease.
D)atherosclerosis.
E)increased cancer risk.

Question 15

Positive energy balance is

A)the state when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure.
B)the state when energy intake and energy expenditure are the same.
C)the state when energy expenditure exceeds energy intake.
D)a desired state for good health.
E)a sign of weight loss.

Question 16

For whom might BMI not be an accurate indication of body fat and health risks?

A)a 37-year-old working mother
B)a professional football player
C)an office worker
D)a news anchor
E)a 50-year-old truck driver

Question 17

Of the components that make up one's total energy expenditure,which is controlled by the person?

A)basal metabolism
B)thermic effect of food
C)activity energy expenditure
D)none of the components
E)all of the components

Question 18

Trina's BMI is 32.This is considered

A)underweight.
B)healthy weight.
C)overweight.
D)obese.
E)morbidly obesE.

Question 19

What might be a barrier to having body composition assessed via air displacement?

A)claustrophobia
B)severe obesity
C)severe thinness
D)asthma
E)excess abdominal fat

Question 20

Which of the following activities would not be included in NEAT energy expenditure?

A)swimming laps
B)chewing gum
C)washing dishes at the sink
D)playing the piano
E)fidgeting at a desk

Question 21

Teddy is a 55-year-old sedentary African-American man who skips breakfast.Which of the following factors that affect his energy expenditure is NOT changeable?

A)daily physical activity
B)eating breakfast
C)four 8-ounce cups of coffee per day
D)weight-training at the office gym
E)age

Question 22

Which occupation would be more sedentary than the others?

A)physical therapist
B)hospital floor nurse
C)kindergarten teacher
D)construction workers
E)taxi driver

Question 23

How does NEAT affect body weight?

Question 24

What type of cancer in women is most likely to be associated with obesity?

A)breast
B)brain
C)leukemia
D)lung
E)bone

Question 25

Which statement about obesity in the United States is FALSE?

A)Highly palatable foods are readily available.
B)Overconsumption of food is the single cause of obesity.
C)Rates are considered to be at an epidemic level.
D)Marketers spend a great deal of money on advertising fooD.
E)Our lives are more sedentary than they were in previous generations.

Question 26

Employers could increase NEAT among their employees all of the following ways,except

A)purchasing gym memberships for all employees.
B)moving printers and copiers away from individual offices.
C)encouraging the use of stairs to travel between floors.
D)scheduling meetings that can take place while walking.
E)communicating messages with team members by walking to their work space rather than via telephone or e-mail.

Question 27

Beyond changes to physical activity,there are other options available to help obese individuals lose weight.All of the following are strategies available to obese individuals,except

A)liposuction.
B)gastric banding/lap band surgery.
C)gastric bypass surgery.
D)prescription medications.
E)meal-replacement plans.

Question 28

All of the following describe abdominal obesity,except that it is

A)present in women whose waist circumference exceeds 35 inches.
B)measured at the top of the rib cage.
C)present in men whose waist circumference exceeds 40 inches.
D)associated with an apple-shaped body.
E)the healthiest type of obesity.

Question 29

Which ethnic group tends to have higher basal metabolic rates?

A)African Americans
B)Latinos
C)Asian Americans
D)Whites
E)Ethnicity is not associated with differences in basal metabolic ratE.

Question 30

How does eating away from home contribute to obesity?

Question 31

According to the latest studies,what is the rate of obesity among U.S.adults?

A)10%
B)15%
C)25%
D)33%
50%

Question 32

Why might the smell of a hot-pretzel stand at the mall be a factor in gaining weight and ultimately being overweight or obese?

Question 33

To achieve weight loss,women who have been successful typically adhere to diets of kcals per day.

A)fewer than 800
B)1,000 to 1,200
C)1,200 to 1,500
D)1,900
E)2,500

Question 34

To achieve weight loss,men who have been successful typically adhere to diets of kcals per day.

A)fewer than 800
B)1,500 to 1,800
C)2,000 to 2,200
D)2,500
E)3,000

Question 35

When conducting scientific research with large populations of people,what is the most accessible and affordable method to estimate body fat?

A)BMI
B)air displacement
C)underwater weighing
D)DEXA
E)skinfold thickness

Question 36

After bariatric surgery,how much weight would someone who is 190 pounds need to lose to reduce the risk of chronic disease and premature death?

A)more than 30 pounds
B)20 to 27 pounds
C)15 to 20 pounds
D)9 to 18 pounds
E)5 pounds

Question 37

In the short-term,the most expensive method of weight loss for someone who is obese is likely to be

A)joining Weight Watchers.
B)gastric bypass surgery.
C)signing an annual contract at a gym.
D)purchasing meal plans through Jenny Craig or Nutrisystem.
E)attending Overeaters Anonymous meetings.

Question 38

Studies indicate that those who have successfully maintained long-term weight loss

A)eat breakfast.
B)exercise at least one hour per day.
C)watch fewer than 10 hours of TV per week.
D)weigh themselves weekly.
E)All of the abovE.

Question 39

Food manufacturers are contributing to the obesity rate in the United States by

A)making packaged foods.
B)creating colorful foods.
C)making foods that are quick to prepare.
D)devising foods that trigger our bliss point and are irresistible.
E)creating foods that are easy to storE.

Question 40

Which emotion is not likely to contribute to emotional eating?

A)sadness
B)boredom
C)peacefulness
D)stress
E)loneliness

Question 41

Describe at least five factors that affect the basal metabolic rate and in what ways they affect it.

Question 42

What is one health risk of being underweight?

Question 43

If a person is overweight and has two additional risk factors,weight loss is recommended.Identify two of the possible risk factors that elevate the need for weight loss.

Question 44

Why might adults gain weight in the decades after turning 40?

Question 45

What tool is used to estimate body fat via skinfold thickness?

Question 46

What are the two measurements needed to calculate BMI?

Question 47

How has technology been a factor in the increase in obesity in the United States?

Question 48

Describe at least five specific health consequences of obesity.

Question 49

There are two approaches that are the first to be recommended when someone needs to lose weight.These are:

Question 50

Describe at least five factors that have contributed to the increase in obesity in the United States.

Question 51

When someone's BMI is higher than 30,what health conditions are he or she more likely to have?

Question 52

What would be a barrier to someone having their body composition assessed via underwater weighing?

Question 53

Describe two components of a healthy weight loss plan for someone who is obese.