Deck 18: Childhood Nutrition

Question 1

Which of the below is(are)recent changes to the National School Lunch Program?

A)increased servings of fruits and vegetables
B)increased emphasis on whole grain rich foods
C)decreased sodium
D)decreased saturated fat
E)All of the abovE.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported ______ in food allergies from 1997 to 2007.

A)an 18% increase
B)a 50% decrease
C)a 75% increase
D)a 25% decrease
E)no change

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A child is considered at risk for undernutrition if their body weight or height falls at or under the

A)75th percentile for their age.
B)50th percentile for their age.
C)25th percentile for their age.
D)10th percentile for their age.
E)5th percentile for their agE.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Growth charts can include

A)height-for-age curves.
B)weight-for-age curves.
C)gender-specific charts.
D)body mass index curves.
E)All of the abovE.

Question 5

On average,approximately ____% of an adult body weight is gained during puberty.

A)10
B)25
C)50
D)75
E)100

Question 6

Which age group experiences the most growth?

A)birth to one year (infancy)
B)ages two to five years (preschool)
C)ages six to 11 years (elementary school)
D)ages 11 to 12 years (middle school)
E)They all experience the same amount of growth.

Question 7

Which of the following accurately describes growth charts?

A)measures adults 21 years and older
B)a reference against expected growth rates for the same age and gender
C)only measure shoe size
D)not reflective of risk for obesity
E)not reflective of risk for undernutrition

Question 8

What is the term for periods of accelerated physical development with associated changes in height and weight?

A)body mass index
B)growth charts
C)expected growth rates
D)growth spurts
E)weight for age

Question 9

An average increase of 2.5 inches in height and a weight gain of more than 11 pounds a year is characteristic of which of the following age groups?

A)birth to 1 year (infancy)
B)2 to 5 years (preschool)
C)6 to 11 years (elementary school)
D)13 to 17 years (middle school to high school)
E)17 to 20 (college)

Question 10

What is the number one source of empty calories from solid fats and added sugars (SoFAS)in U.S.children's diets?

A)pizza
B)sugar-sweetened beverages
C)dairy desserts
D)sweet snacks and candy
E)ready-to-eat cereals

Question 11

According to the USDA,children consume less than 100% of the recommended amount of which food group?

A)seafood and plant proteins
B)vegetables
C)fruits
D)whole grains
E)All of the abovE.

Question 12

A 12-year-old boy who is in the 85th percentile for BMI for his age would be considered

A)underweight.
B)healthy weight.
C)overweight.
D)obese.
E)None of the abovE.

Question 13

At what age do micronutrient needs first become similar to those in adulthood?

A)infancy
B)childhood
C)adolescence
D)late adolescence
E)early adulthood

Question 14

Which of the following meals would NOT meet the nutritional standards for the National School Lunch Program?

A)fat-free milk,grapes,pizza with whole grain crust,carrots
B)fat-free chocolate milk,beans and brown rice,sweet potato fries,apple slices
C)1% milk,vegetarian chili made with beans,carrots and tomatoes,corn bread,and kiwi slices
D)whole milk,burger on white bun,tater tots
E)100% orange juice,turkey sandwich on whole grain bread,red pepper slices,and pineapple cubes

Question 15

Eating at fast-food restaurants is associated with increased

A)intake of calories.
B)intake of sodium.
C)intake of saturated fat.
D)portion sizes.
E)All of the abovE.

Question 16

At what age is more than one-third of energy consumed used to support growth and development?

A)two months
B)one year
C)five years
D)10 years
E)15 years

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the National School Lunch Program?

A)The nutritional standards are decided by schools.
B)It is a federally assisted meal program.
C)It operates in public schools and in nonprofit private schools.
D)It has more than 30 million participants.
E)It provides low-cost or free lunches.

Question 18

At what age do estimated energy requirements begin to vary based on activity level?

A)1 year
B)3 years
C)5 years
D)13 years
E)17 years

Question 19

According to the book,approximately 90% of U.S.children do not consume the recommended amount of

A)grains.
B)lean meat.
C)dairy products.
D)fruits and vegetables.
E)water.

Question 20

A body mass index in the 5th to 85th percentile is classified as

A)underweight.
B)healthy weight.
C)overweight.
D)obese.
E)morbidly obesE.

Question 21

What macronutrient should be the primary source of energy for children?

A)fat
B)protein
C)carbohydrates
D)protein and fats are both primary sources
E)None of the abovE.

Question 22

Which of the following is a nutrient of concern for American children?

A)iron
B)calcium
C)vitamin D
D)fiber
E)All of the abovE.

Question 23

_____ describes a massive immune response that occurs in oversensitive individuals and can result in death.

A)Antibodies
B)Allergens
C)Anaphylaxis
D)Epinephrine
E)Immunoglobulin

Question 24

According to the MyPlate.gov guideline on portion sizes,how much dairy should a six- to eight-year-old child have each day?

A)1 cup
B)1½ cups
C)2 cups
D)2½ cups
E)4 cups

Question 25

Obesity in children increases the risk of all of the following,except

A)type 2 diabetes.
B)high blood pressure.
C)high cholesterol.
D)food allergies.
E)asthma.

Question 26

The macronutrient,__________,has an increase in the macronutrient distribution range from ages 1-3 to ages 4-18.

A)carbohydrate
B)fat
C)protein
D)None of the macronutrients has a change.
E)All three macronutrients have an increase between the age ranges.

Question 27

What is the best way to distinguish between a food intolerance and a food allergy?

A)Try the food at home and monitor the response.
B)Consume very large amounts of the food and monitor response at home.
C)Participate in a double-blind placebo-controlled oral food challenge led by an immunologist.
D)There is no way to distinguish between the two.
E)Watch for signs of anaphylactic shock after eating the food.

Question 28

Nutritionists suggest that parents be responsible for the __________ of food,but allow children to gauge the _________ of food consumed.

A)quantity;frequency
B)quality;quantity
C)frequency;quality
D)quantity;location
E)frequency;location

Question 29

MyPlate.gov offers all of the following suggestions for parents,except

A)model healthy food choices.
B)allow children to control their energy intake.
C)if children do not like a food after the first time trying it,then parents should not offer it again.
D)provide a pleasant social environment at mealtime.
E)provide access to healthy foods and snacks.

Question 30

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends limiting screen time to ____ hours a day.Most American children spend ______ hours a day using entertainment media.

A)2;7.5
B)3;10
C)1;11
D)5;5.5
E)2;2

Question 31

According to MyPlate.gov,what is the daily recommended amount of vegetables for a six- to eight-year-old child?

A)½ cup
B)1 cup
C)1½ cups
D)2 cups
E)2½ cups

Question 32

Which of the following does NOT describe "food jags"?

A)can lead to malnutrition
B)when children insist on eating the same food day after day
C)usually outgrown quickly
D)can describe a particular way of eating (i.e. ,food cut a certain way)
E)developmentally normal

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT one of the most common food allergies?

A)eggs
B)peanuts
C)bananas
D)cow's milk
E)soy

Question 34

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for fat for children aged one to three years?

A)5% to 10%
B)10% to 20%
C)20% to 30%
D)30% to 40%
E)25% to 45%

Question 35

What is the recommendation for physical activity in children older than six years?

A)20 minutes per day
B)45 minutes per day
C)60 minutes per day
D)3 hours per day
E)There is no recommended amount.

Question 36

Which of the following does NOT describe a food allergy?

A)affects every one in every 13 children
B)caused by an immune reaction to an allergen in the food
C)immune reactions can include nausea,vomiting,and "itchy" mouth
D)examples include lactose intolerance and celiac disease
E)causes production of antibodies

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT an emphasis of the U.S.Dietary Guideline for Americans?

A)Consume less sodium
B)Balance calorie intake with physical activity
C)Eat more vegetables
D)Eat more refined grains
E)Eat less saturated fat

Question 38

Approximately how many American children meet the recommendations for physical activity set by the U.S.Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

A)5%
B)10%
C)25%
D)50%
E)100%

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT recommended for helping children to develop healthy eating habits?

A)forcing them to eat everything on their plate
B)providing a variety of nutritious foods
C)frequent exposure to new foods
D)involving children in grocery shopping
E)involving children in cooking

Question 40

Which of the following is associated with increased risk for childhood obesity?

A)eating more meals away from home
B)eating more energy-dense meals
C)eating larger portion sizes
D)increased screen time
E)All of the abovE.

Question 41

List five of the top nine sources of foods that are predominantly made from solid fats and added sugars (SoFAS).

Question 42

Describe the "hygiene hypothesis."

Question 43

For each nutrient of concern in children,list one potential associated nutritional risk.

Question 44

List the U.S.Dietary Guidelines for Americans three main areas of emphasis for dietary recommendations.

Question 45

Plan meals for one day for an 8-year-old child based on the MyPlate.gov recommendations.

Question 46

Ways to decrease the risk of an infant having food allergies include all of the following,except

A)exclusive breastfeeding for at least 4 months during infancy.
B)to delay introduction of solid foods until baby is at least 4 to 6 months of age.
C)to expose children to pets,grass,and soil when possible.
D)to avoid common allergens such as fish,eggs,and peanuts during pregnancy.
E)to introduce potentially allergenic foods while the infant is still breastfeeding.

Question 47

List four ways to ensure that a child with food allergies does not consume the food allergen.

Question 48

Generally discuss approaches that programs are using to reduce and prevent childhood obesity.

Question 49

Plan four snacks that include the nutrients of concern in children - calcium,iron,vitamin D,and fiber.

Question 50

Describe the "sensitization" phase of the development of food allergies.