Question 1

Which of the following is true of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)when contrasted with tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?&#10;A) SSRIs are now considered first-line drugs for the treatment of depression.&#10;B) SSRIs are far more effective than the tricyclic drugs.&#10;C) SSRIs generally are more lethal in overdose than the tricyclic antidepressants.&#10;D) SSRIs are much less expensive than the traditional tricyclic antidepressants.

Accepted Answer

SSRIs are now considered first-line drugs for the treatment of depression.SSRIs are just as effective as tricyclics,but they are not more effective.The TCAs generally are more lethal in overdose than the newer antidepressants.The SSRIs are considerably more expensive than the traditional tricyclic antidepressants.

Question 2

Which of the following types of somatoform disorders occurs when a person views a traumatic event and subsequently becomes blind due to a conflict about acknowledging the event?&#10;A) hypochondriasis&#10;B) conversion disorder&#10;C) factitious disorder&#10;D) somatization disorder

Accepted Answer

A conversion reaction results when a psychological conflict or need is expressed as an alteration or loss of physical function,suggesting a physical disorder.A person who views a traumatic event,for example,but has a conflict about acknowledging that event may develop a conversion disorder of blindness.In this instance,the symptom of blindness has symbolic value and is a representation of and a partial solution to the underlying psychological conflict.

Question 3

About what percentage of persons in the United States will have at least one psychiatric disorder during their lifetime?&#10;A) 10&#10;B) 25&#10;C) 33&#10;D) 50

Accepted Answer

Approximately one-third of the population in the United States will have at least one psychiatric disorder during their lifetime,and 20% to 30% of adults in the United States will experience one or more psychiatric disorders during a 1-year period.

Question 4

It is suggested that no more than _____ cartridges of dental local anesthetic containing (1:100,000)epinephrine be used during an appointment when a patient is taking tricyclic antidepressants.&#10;A) 2&#10;B) 4&#10;C) 6&#10;D) 8

Accepted Answer

Small amounts of epinephrine (1:100,000)can be used in patients who are taking heterocyclic antidepressants,monoamine oxidase inhibitors,or antipsychotic drugs,if the dentist aspirates before injecting and injects the anesthetic slowly.No more than 2 cartridges should be injected at any appointment.

Question 5

How long will an untreated major depression last?&#10;A) 4 months&#10;B) 8 months&#10;C) 4 years&#10;D) 8 years

Accepted Answer

A major depression will usually last about 8 to 9 months if the patient is not treated.Dysthymia represents a chronic,milder form of depression with symptoms that last at least 2 years.Depression not otherwise specified (NOS)is a form of depression that falls short of the diagnostic criteria for major depression and has been too brief for dysthymic disorder.

Question 6

Many over-the-counter (OTC)cold remedies should not be prescribed for patients taking monoamine oxidase (MAO)inhibitors because the cold remedies contain _________.&#10;A) phenylephrine&#10;B) tyramine&#10;C) allopurinol&#10;D) epinephrine

Accepted Answer

Phenylethylamine and phenylephrine must not be given to patients who are taking MAO inhibitors.MAO metabolizes these agents,and their use with an MAO inhibitor could lead to significant potentiation of their pressor effects.

Question 7

Which of the following is/are considered to be negative symptoms of schizophrenia?&#10;A) delusions&#10;B) reduction of affective expression&#10;C) hallucinations&#10;D) a and b&#10;E) b and c

Accepted Answer

Delusions and hallucinations are referred to as "positive" symptoms,and withdrawal and reduction of affective expression,as "negative" symptoms.Delusions usually are bizarre.Hallucinations are prominent and occur throughout the day for several days or several times a week for several weeks.

Question 8

Antipsychotic drugs appear to work by antagonizing the effects of dopamine in the basal ganglia and limbic portions of the _________.&#10;A) cerebellum&#10;B) pons&#10;C) forebrain&#10;D) midbrain

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic drugs appear to work by antagonizing the effects of dopamine in the basal ganglia and limbic portions of the forebrain.Because of significant adverse reactions associated with their use,these agents should be used only when they are clearly the drugs of choice.

Question 9

Which of the following is/are true of bipolar disorder?&#10;A) Men tend to have a greater number of manic episodes, and women, more numerous depressive episodes.&#10;B) Diagnosis is made as soon as the patient has one manic episode and one depressive episode.&#10;C) It is characterized by manic behavior.&#10;D) Each affective episode lasts about one week.

Accepted Answer

Men tend to have a greater number of manic episodes,and women,more numerous depressive episodes.Diagnosis is made as soon as the patient has one manic episode,even if that person has never had a depressive episode.The essential feature of a manic (not maniac)episode is a distinct period during which the affected person's mood is elevated and expAnswerive or irritable.Each affective episode lasts about 8 to 9 months.

Question 10

Which of the following is the most widely used mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder?&#10;A) tranylcypromine (Parnate)&#10;B) fluvoxamine (Luvox)&#10;C) lithium carbonate&#10;D) carbamazepine

Accepted Answer

The most widely used mood stabilizer is lithium carbonate.Lithium is most helpful in patients with euphoric mania.When lithium is ineffective,or when medical problems prevent its use,one of the anticonvulsants (valproic acid or divalproex,lamotrigine,or carbamazepine)can be used.Tranylcypromine (Parnate)is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor.Fluvoxamine (Luvox)is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.

Question 11

Which of the following is the first-line medication for major depression?&#10;A) a newer atypical antipsychotic such as clozapine (Clozaril)&#10;B) a tricyclic antidepressant such as imipramine&#10;C) a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) such as citalopram&#10;D) a monoamine oxidase inhibitor such as phenelzine (Nardil)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is the first-line...

Question 12

Which of the following is an adverse effect associated with the administration of tricyclic antidepressants?&#10;A) xerostomia&#10;B) diarrhea&#10;C) hypertension&#10;D) bradycardia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an adverse...

Deck 29: Psychiatric Disorders