Deck 12: Power, Conquest, and a World System

Question 1

What is pillage?

A)It is a process of literally taking everything profitable from another through the threat of violence.
B)It is the wholesale destruction of property and status through warfare.
C)It is a process of building an infrastructure so that the colonizing nation can create economic opportunities for exploitation of natives.
D)It is a perspective on colonialism that European powers had a "white man's burden" of helping natives.
E)It is a kinship term that refers to the creation of fictive ties of relationships between colonizer and slave.

Answer 1

It is a process of literally taking everything profitable from another through the threat of violence.

Question 2

It is estimated that ______ percent of the New World native peoples died of disease as a result of contact with Europeans.

A)95
B)80
C)50
D)45
E)25

Answer 2

95

Question 3

Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro received how much silver and gold as ransom for the life of Inca Atahuallpa?

A)10 million lbs.
B)1 ton
C)10-12 tons
D)11-24 tons
E)100 tons

Answer 3

11-24 tons

Question 4

The main reason European expansion was so rapid and successful was:

A)superior technology.
B)war tactics.
C)disease.
D)the European political structure.
E)superior intelligence.

Question 5

The Board of Directors of the Dutch East India Company was known as:

A)the VOC.
B)Tirailleurs Senegalais.
C)the Ottoman Empire.
D)Hieran XX.
E)Heeren XVII.

Question 6

A joint stock company is a(n)____________________________.

A)company that trades stocks on Wall Street
B)multinational corporation
C)export company
D)company that sells shares and is owned by shareholders
E)company that sells stocks and is owned by several businesses

Question 7

The VOC is also known as the:

A)Hudson's Bay Company.
B)Dutch East India Company.
C)British East India Company.
D)Massachusetts Bay Company.
E)Lords Seventeen.

Question 8

The most dramatic and long-lasting result of the Industrial Revolution worldwide was:

A)the development of educational opportunities.
B)the advent of globalization.
C)the rise of a peasant class.
D)the creation of inequality between and within nations.
E)the establishment of multinational corporations.

Question 9

What crop from the Caribbean region was the most important to the British (and other Europeans)during colonialism?

A)corn
B)wheat
C)sugar
D)rice
E)tea

Question 10

The Tirailleurs Senegalais were originally constituted by which colonial power?

A)Italy
B)France
C)Germany
D)Senegal
E)Netherlands

Question 11

The Tirailleurs Senegalais fought in all of the following conflicts except:

A)the Korean War.
B)the Vietnam War.
C)World War I.
D)World War II.
E)colonial wars in Africa.

Question 12

A territory under immediate control of a nation-state is called a:

A)department.
B)province.
C)state.
D)colony.
E)protectorate.

Question 13

What is a caravel?

A)a stock option
B)a hybrid plant
C)a type of farm
D)a plow
E)a ship

Question 14

Which of the following geographical areas seemed least likely to become a world power prior to 1400?

A)China
B)Arabia
C)Europe
D)India
E)None of these was likely prior to 1400.

Question 15

How is colonialism distinct from other trade relations?

A)Colonies had more resources available for trade than non-colonized areas.
B)Colonies were actively possessed by other countries for economic and political advantages.
C)Colonies are not autonomous political entities.They rely on neighboring countries and the world economic market for survival.
D)Colonialism involves balanced reciprocity between countries.The mother country and the native country share their resources.
E)Colonialism involves the possession of countries by Europe or the United States.

Question 16

European colonies in North America and Australia were primarily used for:

A)control of shipping lines.
B)settlement.
C)exploitation of native peoples.
D)resource extraction.
E)key strategic resources.

Question 17

The Dutch fought for a monopoly on which spices in Java?

A)cinnamon,cumin,and paprika
B)mace,nutmeg,and clove
C)saffron,mace,and cinnamon
D)nutmeg,cloves,and thyme
E)nutmeg and cinnamon

Question 18

The primary indirect advantage that the Europeans had over the people they encountered abroad was:

A)religion.
B)disease.
C)complex social organization.
D)war tactics.
E)finances.

Question 19

European power grew rapidly worldwide during which centuries?

A)17th to 18th
B)15th to 18th
C)14th to 17th
D)16th to 20th
E)17th to 20th

Question 20

There were many effects of slavery.The massive transport of people have all of the following effects except:

A)it stabilized governments in Africa.
B)it was profitable for plantation owners.
C)it created continuous warfare.
D)it was economically advantageous for slave shippers.
E)it impoverished the areas from which the slaves were taken.

Question 21

After WWII,which countries became dominant world powers?

A)Germany and Japan
B)France and the U.S.
C)the Soviet Union and Great Britain
D)U.S.and the Soviet Union
E)China and Algeria

Question 22

The British East India Company faced many losses and much rebellion in its colonies in Java.

Question 23

Which of the following serves as a model for Paul Romer's idea of charter cities?

A)Shanghai
B)Hong Kong
C)London
D)Mumbai
E)Sydney

Question 24

The history of anthropology was most directly affected by:

A)the discovery of science.
B)the foundation of universities.
C)the development of state societies.
D)globalization.
E)colonialism.

Question 25

Why has the idea of charter cities not been more enthusiastically received?

A)It has a colonialist structure.
B)It will create areas where there is no democracy.
C)It is opposed by wealthier countries because it will create zones of economic competition.
D)These cities could potentially become separate countries.
E)Charter cities are not technically legal.

Question 26

Paul Romer speaks about the significance of "charter cities." What are these?

A)They are cities that have a contract with their host government to provide raw materials and labor for export and economic expansion.
B)They are cities that are focused on specific types of "theme" production,such as textile production,mineral excavation,or micro-chip technologies.
C)They are cities within nation-states that are administered by outside (and wealthier)nations under a separate set of rules than those of the host countries.
D)They are cities that are administered by a United Nations agency that works to create profitable jobs and social security for all needy members of the society.
E)They are cities that have a separate constitution that allows them to operate under laws that usually conflict with the host country.

Question 27

At times,cultural contact between nations was accidentally genocidal.

Question 28

Both anthropology and 19th century colonialism are products of:

A)the romantic retrenchment of the 15th century.
B)the Industrial Revolution.
C)the 17th century European Enlightenment.
D)the discovery of evolution.
E)17th century romanticism.

Question 29

Most of the nations of the Americas gained their independence in the __________ century/centuries.

A)17th
B)19th and 20th
C)16th
D)21st
E)18th and 19th

Question 30

Why did colonizers use taxation on subject peoples?

A)It forced them into a market economy.
B)It made them more dependent on the colonizers.
C)It kept them from subsistence production and forced them to work for the colonizers to obtain wages.
D)It made them carry some of the burden of paying for the colony.
E)All of these statements are correct.

Question 31

How did the rapid spread of disease aid the Europeans in their conquest of other lands,especially the Americas?

A)It killed off people who could have resisted Europeans.
B)It made the Europeans see their conquest as God ordained.
C)It left native settlements without leaders.
D)It devastated native people's ability to subsist.
E)All of these are ways that disease aided Europeans.

Question 32

Why did Europe begin massive colonization in the 1800s?

A)The Industrial Revolution allowed them to develop more weapons and needed raw materials.
B)The countries of Europe had begun the age of exploration and they were intent to discover continents.
C)Europe was overpopulated and needed to send large populations of settlers to other places in order to survive.
D)By the 1800s,Europe had ships that allowed easy transport and they were more confident about transporting goods between countries.
E)All of these are causes for the massive colonization in the 1800s.

Question 33

One of the most important means of wealth transfer for Europe was pillage.

Question 34

Unpaid work demanded of native populations was called:

A)forced labor.
B)slave labor.
C)corveé labor.
D)co-opted labor.
E)colonial labor.

Question 35

Who bore the greatest price for the colonies?

A)colonial bureaucrats
B)colonial elites
C)the colonized
D)colonial taxpayers in Europe
E)No one bore higher costs than anyone else.

Question 36

Between the end of the 15th century and the end of the 19th,Europe exported an estimated 88 million slaves from Africa.

Question 37

The three most important reasons that colonies were granted independence are:

A)civil disobedience,changing political structures,and changing religious traditions.
B)changing religious structures,changing political structures,and changing economic structures.
C)changing political structures,changing economic structures,and civil disobedience.
D)changing economic structures,warfare,and globalization.
E)globalization,changing religious traditions,and new geographical boundaries.

Question 38

According to Rudyard Kipling,what was "the white man's burden?"

A)It was the responsibility to bring "civilization" (or a European way of life)to the non-Europeans.
B)It was the impulse to evangelize and spread the message of Islam all over the world.
C)It was an emphasis on developing industry so that colonial nations would be able to thrive after the Europeans pulled out.
D)It was the responsibility to educate the local masses so that they were literate and able to govern themselves.
E)It was the constant dependency that the colonizers felt as they provided charity and relief to colonial nations.

Question 39

By the time that Hernan Cortes arrived in Mexico,which of the following diseases had already ravaged the indigenous population there?

A)measles
B)smallpox
C)influenza
D)syphilis
E)plague

Question 40

Britain fought several wars with China,but they never gained any influence or control over China.

Question 41

Although there were great differences among colonies,all came to independence as relatively poor nations.

Question 42

Name three motives for European expansion.

Question 43

Europe had several different kinds of colonies that it administered.Discuss each type of colony and how you think the structure of the colony would affect the ability of the native country to survive and thrive in a post-colonial time period.

Question 44

North America was the last (most recent)area that Europe colonized.

Question 45

Why did the VOC ultimately fail?

Question 46

Colonizers had to create profit from colonies.As a result,they removed many people from subsistence production to market production,such as monoculture plantation.Discuss the changes you would expect to find within an extended family that had subsisted on horticulture and was now subjected to forced labor and wages.How might colonialism affect later generations,even after the colonized country was "freed"?

Question 47

What is the legacy of colonialism in our world today? Consider the phenomenon of globalization and discuss how colonialism and its after-effects have a continuing impact on our world today.

Question 48

What is the historical relationship between anthropology and colonialism?

Question 49

European populations were often reluctant colonizers.

Question 50

How did colonial education systems function to strengthen the colony?

Question 51

Colonizers found egalitarian societies easier to administer than stratified ones,as people were more united.

Question 52

The demand for slaves was created by what kind of agricultural system?

Question 53

The common cold was the disease that killed the greatest number of Native Americans upon first contact.

Question 54

Why did many colonial powers choose to rule indirectly through local leaders?

Question 55

By what means did Europe gain such power and influence over the world after 1400? Evaluate each of your responses by discussing the advantages they conferred on Europeans and what effects they might have had on the native populations in the colonies.