Deck 13: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Question 1

The cerebellum and pons develop from the

A) telencephalon.
B) diencephalon.
C) mesencephalon.
D) metencephalon.
E) myelencephalon.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

During embryonic development, which of the following secondary brain vesicles will form the cerebrum?

A) telencephalon
B) diencephalon
C) midbrain
D) metencephalon
E) myelencephalon

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The floor of the diencephalon is formed by the

A) hypothalamus.
B) thalamus.
C) brainstem.
D) midbrain.
E) myelencephalon.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Cerebrospinal fluid

A) is secreted by ependymal cells.
B) is formed by a passive process.
C) is normally produced twice as fast as it is removed.
D) has almost the same composition as blood plasma.
E) is formed by a passive process and has almost the same composition as blood plasma.

Question 5

The dural fold that projects into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres is called the

A) dural sinus.
B) falx cerebri.
C) tentorium cerebelli.
D) falx cerebelli.
E) choroid plexus.

Question 6

Autonomic centers that control blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion are located in the

A) medulla oblongata.
B) pons.
C) midbrain.
D) diencephalon.
E) cerebellum.

Question 7

The ventricle associated with the pons and upper medulla is the

A) first.
B) second.
C) third.
D) fourth.
E) lateral.

Question 8

The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body's neural tissue.

A) 15 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 68 percent
D) 97 percent
E) none of the above

Question 9

The third and fourth ventricles are linked by a slender canal designated as the

A) central canal.
B) tentorium cerebelli.
C) aqueduct of midbrain.
D) interventricular foramina.
E) pontine canal.

Question 10

Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain?

A) cerebrum
B) diencephalon
C) prosencephalon
D) midbrain
E) pons

Question 11

Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the

A) medulla oblongata.
B) pons.
C) midbrain.
D) thalamus.
E) cerebellum.

Question 12

The tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brainstem are located in the

A) medulla oblongata.
B) pons.
C) midbrain.
D) diencephalon.
E) thalamus.

Question 13

The dural sinuses are located in the

A) paranasal cavity.
B) arachnoid.
C) pia mater.
D) dural folds.
E) tentorium cerebelli.

Question 14

Male brains are typically ________ compared to female brains.

A) larger
B) smaller
C) the same size
D) very smooth
E) more convoluted

Question 15

Which of the following lies between the cerebrum and the brainstem?

A) medulla oblongata
B) pons
C) midbrain
D) diencephalon
E) cerebellum

Question 16

The cells that cover the outer surfaces of CNS capillaries cells are the

A) blastocytes.
B) astrocytes.
C) monocytes.
D) leukocytes.
E) lymphocytes.

Question 17

What structure is covered by many blood vessels and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain?

A) pia mater
B) arachnoid
C) dura mater
D) cranial plexus
E) choroid plexus

Question 18

The thin partition that separates the first and second ventricles is the

A) falx cerebri.
B) septum pellucidum.
C) septum insula.
D) interventricular foramina.
E) cerebral aqueduct.

Question 19

What contains a spiderweb-like network of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows?

A) subdural space
B) dural sinus
C) falx cerebri
D) subarachnoid space
E) pia mater

Question 20

Each lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle through a(n)

A) aqueduct of Sylvius.
B) cerebral aqueduct.
C) aqueduct of midbrain.
D) interventricular foramen.
E) medulla oblongata.

Question 21

Figure 13-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 13-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "7."

A) dura mater
B) lateral ventricle
C) fourth ventricle
D) subarachnoid space
E) filum terminale

Question 22

Cerebrospinal fluid enters the subarachnoid space through the

A) interventricular foramina.
B) aqueduct of Sylvius.
C) dural sinus.
D) lateral and median apertures.
E) falx cerebri.

Question 23

The choroid plexuses produces CSF at a rate of about

A) 500 mL/day.
B) 250 mL/day.
C) 50 mL/day.
D) 1000 mL/day.
E) 150 mL/day.

Question 24

The neural tissue is isolated from the general circulation by the ________.

A) dura mater
B) choroid plexuses
C) arachnoid granulations
D) meninges
E) blood-brain barrier

Question 25

Which of these dural folds is mismatched with its location?

A) falx cerebri; transverse fissure
B) tentorium cerebelli; between cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum
C) falx cerebelli; between cerebellar hemispheres
D) all are mismatched
E) none are mismatched

Question 26

Cerebrospinal fluid enters the blood circulation at the

A) jugular veins.
B) dural drain.
C) superior sagittal sinus.
D) tentorium cerebelli.
E) frontal sinus.

Question 27

Which of the following is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid?

A) provides cushioning for delicate neural tissues
B) provides buoyant support for the brain
C) acts as a transport medium for nutrients
D) provides ATP for impulse transmission
E) acts as a transport medium for waste products

Question 28

The cardiovascular reflexes are based in the

A) cerebrum.
B) midbrain.
C) cerebellum.
D) medulla oblongata.
E) spinal cord.

Question 29

Absorption at the arachnoid granulations returns CSF to the

A) third ventricle.
B) arterial circulation.
C) venous circulation.
D) fourth ventricle.
E) central canal.

Question 30

Figure 13-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 13-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "10."

A) arbor vitae
B) central canal
C) corpus callosum
D) pons
E) diencephalon

Question 31

Figure 13-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 13-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "8."

A) pia mater
B) dura mater
C) corpus callosum
D) ventricles
E) arachnoid granulation

Question 32

The layer of the meninges that closely follows every gyrus and sulcus is the

A) pia mater.
B) dura mater.
C) arachnoid membrane.
D) neural cortex.
E) subarachnoid mater.

Question 33

The respiratory rhythmicity center is located in

A) the pons.
B) the cerebrum.
C) the medulla oblongata.
D) the cerebellum.
E) all of the above

Question 34

Figure 13-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 13-1 to answer the following questions:
What is produced by the structure labeled "2"?

A) cerebrospinal fluid
B) neurotransmitters
C) white matter
D) hormones
E) blood

Question 35

The pons contains

A) sensory and motor nuclei for four cranial nerves.
B) nuclei concerned with the control of respiration.
C) tracts that link the cerebellum with the brainstem.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 36

The nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus

A) are located in the medulla oblongata.
B) relay somatic sensory information to the thalamus.
C) pass motor information to the cerebellum.
D) are located in the medulla oblongata and relay somatic sensory information to the thalamus.
E) none of the above

Question 37

As CSF circulates, ________ between it and the interstitial fluid of the CNS is unrestricted between and across the ependyma.

A) osmosis
B) perfusion
C) diffusion
D) convection
E) conduction

Question 38

Figure 13-1 The Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Use Figure 13-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "3."

A) arbor vitae
B) corpora quadrigemina
C) aqueduct of midbrain
D) pons
E) diencephalon

Question 39

Specialized ________ cells form the secretory component of the choroid plexus.

A) epididymal
B) ependymal
C) appended
D) epididymal and ependymal
E) ependymal and appended

Question 40

Which of the following help to protect the brain?

A) the blood-brain barrier
B) the bones of the skull
C) the cranial meninges
D) the CSF
E) all of the above

Question 41

Which of the following is a property of the mamillary bodies?

A) control reflex eating movements
B) responsible for auditory reflexes
C) located the posterior pons
D) connect the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland
E) secrete melatonin

Question 42

Stimulation of the reticular formation results in

A) increased consciousness.
B) sleep.
C) coma.
D) decreased cerebral function.
E) all of the above

Question 43

A neural cortex is found on the surface of the

A) cerebral hemispheres.
B) pons.
C) cerebellum.
D) cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres.
E) all of the above

Question 44

The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the

A) cerebrum.
B) cerebellum.
C) diencephalon.
D) medulla oblongata.
E) heart.

Question 45

Damage to the superior colliculi would interfere with the reflex ability to

A) express rage.
B) voluntarily move the arm.
C) react to a bright light.
D) react to loud noises.
E) maintain proper posture.

Question 46

The ________ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems.

A) cerebellum
B) medulla oblongata
C) cerebrum
D) pons
E) hypothalamus

Question 47

The regions of the midbrain that issue subconscious motor commands that affect upper limb position and background muscle tone are the

A) tecta.
B) red nuclei.
C) cerebral peduncles.
D) superior colliculi.
E) inferior colliculi.

Question 48

The tract that links the cerebellum with the pons is the

A) superior cerebellar peduncle.
B) inferior cerebellar peduncle.
C) middle cerebellar peduncle.
D) longitudinal fibers.
E) obverse fibers.

Question 49

Damage to the corpora quadrigemina would interfere with

A) control of autonomic function.
B) regulation of body temperature.
C) visual and auditory reflex movements of the head and neck.
D) conscious control of skeletal muscles.
E) control of breathing.

Question 50

The cerebellar hemispheres are separated by a band of cortex called the

A) flocculonodular lobe.
B) arbor vitae.
C) folia.
D) vermis.
E) pyramid.

Question 51

The tectum of the midbrain contains the

A) substantia nigra.
B) red nuclei.
C) superior and inferior colliculi.
D) cerebral peduncles.
E) basal ganglia.

Question 52

The cerebellum adjusts motor activity in response to all of the following, except

A) touch sensations.
B) visual information.
C) equilibrium-related sensations.
D) input from the motor cortex.
E) input from proprioceptors.

Question 53

Overseeing the postural muscles of the body and making rapid adjustments to maintain balance and equilibrium are functions of the

A) cerebrum.
B) midbrain.
C) cerebellum.
D) pons.
E) medulla oblongata.

Question 54

The reflex movement of the head toward a loud noise is directed by the midbrain. Which nuclei accomplish this?

A) substantia nigra
B) red nuclei
C) tectum
D) superior colliculi
E) inferior colliculi

Question 55

The presence of many large, highly-branched Purkinje cells in a sample of brain tissue indicates that it came from the

A) pons.
B) medulla.
C) cerebral cortex.
D) cerebellar cortex.
E) arbor vitae.

Question 56

Examination of a tissue sample from the central nervous system reveals many darkly pigmented cells. This tissue probably came from the

A) nucleus gracilis.
B) nucleus cuneatus.
C) motor cortex.
D) substantia nigra.
E) red nucleus.

Question 57

Nerve fiber bundles on the ventrolateral surface of the midbrain are the

A) tegmenta.
B) corpora quadrigemina.
C) cerebral peduncles.
D) superior colliculi.
E) inferior colliculi.

Question 58

The ________ filters and relays sensory information to the cerebral cortex.

A) cerebrum
B) thalamus
C) pons
D) medulla oblongata
E) cerebellum

Question 59

The white matter of the cerebellum forms the

A) flocculonodular lobe.
B) arbor vitae.
C) folia.
D) vermis.
E) pyramid.

Question 60

The medulla oblongata relays auditory information to the

A) substantia nigra.
B) red nuclei.
C) cerebral peduncles.
D) superior colliculi.
E) inferior colliculi.

Question 61

The ventral nuclei of the thalamus

A) relay input from basal ganglia to the motor areas of the cerebral cortex.
B) relay input from cerebellum to the motor areas of the cerebral cortex.
C) relay general sensory input to the primary sensory cortex.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 62

Terry suffers from dissociation of memories from their emotional content as the result of an automobile accident. What system of the brain is probably damaged?

A) the prefrontal lobe
B) the general interpretive area
C) the limbic system
D) the thalamus
E) the putamen

Question 63

The ________ integrate(s) sensory information for projection to the association areas of the cerebral cortex.

A) pulvinar
B) lateral geniculate bodies
C) medial geniculate bodies
D) supraoptic nuclei
E) paraventricular nuclei

Question 64

Which of the following is a function of the thalamus?

A) secrete cerebrospinal fluid
B) secrete melatonin
C) process sensory information and relay it to the cerebrum
D) store memories
E) regulate food intake

Question 65

Which of the following is not a property of the limbic system?

A) contains cerebral and diencephalic components
B) functions in maintaining homeostasis in cold weather
C) located between the border of the cerebrum and diencephalon
D) links conscious functions of the cerebral cortex with unconscious functions of the brainstem
E) functions in emotions, learning, and memory

Question 66

The anterior nuclei of the thalamus

A) are part of the limbic system.
B) secrete pituitary hormones.
C) secrete melatonin.
D) receive axon collaterals from the optic nerve.
E) all of the above

Question 67

The ________ relay auditory information to the auditory cortex.

A) pulvinar
B) lateral geniculate nucleus
C) medial geniculate nucleus
D) supraoptic nuclei
E) paraventricular nuclei

Question 68

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

A) coordinates day-night cycles of activity/inactivity
B) controls autonomic centers
C) regulates body temperature
D) secretes hormones
E) all of the above

Question 69

The posterior nuclei of the thalamus include the

A) pulvinar.
B) lateral geniculate.
C) medial geniculate.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 70

The medial nuclei of the thalamus

A) are part of the limbic system.
B) integrates sensory information for projection to the frontal lobes.
C) produce the hormone oxytocin.
D) process visual information.
E) process olfactory information.

Question 71

The ________ is located at the tip of the tail of the caudate nucleus.

A) amygdaloid body
B) claustrum
C) putamen
D) globus pallidus
E) corpus striatum

Question 72

Damage to the preoptic area of the hypothalamus leads to which problem?

A) an intense thirst
B) an uncontrolled sex drive
C) reduced ability to regulate body temperature
D) an insatiable appetite
E) production of a large volume of urine

Question 73

The mamillary bodies of the hypothalamus

A) regulate lactation.
B) secrete oxytocin.
C) control feeding reflexes.
D) control heart rate and blood pressure.
E) secrete antidiuretic hormone.

Question 74

The ________ receive visual input from the lateral geniculate bodies.

A) substantia nigra
B) red nuclei
C) cerebral peduncles
D) superior colliculi
E) inferior colliculi

Question 75

The ________ is important in storage and recall of new long-term memories.

A) amygdaloid body
B) cingulate gyrus
C) mamillary bodies
D) hippocampus
E) fornix

Question 76

A tract of white matter that connects the hippocampus with the hypothalamus is the

A) amygdaloid body.
B) cingulate gyrus.
C) mamillary bodies.
D) hippocampus.
E) fornix.

Question 77

The optic tracts carry visual information from the retina to the

A) pulvinar.
B) lateral geniculate nucleus.
C) medial geniculate nucleus.
D) supraoptic nuclei.
E) paraventricular nuclei.

Question 78

Which of the following is not one of the basal nuclei?

A) caudate nucleus
B) globus pallidus
C) putamen
D) hippocampus
E) amygdaloid body

Question 79

Joe begins to experience mood swings and disturbed thirst and hunger. Imaging studies indicate that a brain tumor is the likely cause of these disorders. In what part of the brain is the tumor most likely located?

A) prefrontal cortex
B) postcentral gyrus
C) basal nuclei
D) hypothalamus
E) reticular formation

Question 80

Which of the following is not a component of the limbic system?

A) amygdaloid body
B) cingulate gyrus
C) globus pallidus
D) hippocampus
E) fornix