Deck 20: Education

Question 1

If you were to enter a school in ancient Greece or China, the students you would find there would be mainly

A) women.
B) soldiers.
C) the rich.
D) foreigners.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What social force spurred the creation of mandatory education laws in Japan?

A) industrialization
B) militarization
C) family socialization
D) the church

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which Canadian university was started in 1636 by the Jesuits, and, therefore, claims to be North America's oldest institution of higher education?

A) McGill
B) McMaster
C) St. Mary's
D) Laval

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The percentage of the population aged 15 and older with university degrees rose from ______ percent in 1976 to ______ percent in 2011.

A) 4; 35
B) 6; 21
C) 0; 29
D) 18; 30

Question 5

What percentage of Canadians have some kind of post-secondary education?

A) 23%
B) 64%
C) 77%
D) 91%

Question 6

Public schools in Britain teach

A) only two or three academic subjects.
B) the special patterns of speech of the British upper class.
C) predominantly trades like electrician, roofer, etc.
D) only those from working class backgrounds.

Question 7

The social institution by which society provides people with important knowledge, including basic facts and information, job skills, and cultural norms and values is

A) the family.
B) the church.
C) the peer group.
D) education.

Question 8

In low-income nations, most education is a matter of

A) formal schooling and then college.
B) what parents and other community members teach their children.
C) what children can teach themselves.
D) teaching by religious leaders.

Question 9

Of the following, which country has the highest illiteracy rate?

A) Canada
B) Afghanistan
C) Egypt
D) Peru

Question 10

British law requires every child to attend school until age _____.

A) 12
B) 14
C) 16
D) 18

Question 11

The major reason that schooling is limited in lower-income nations is that

A) there is a lack of teachers.
B) religion forbids formal schooling.
C) most children become soldiers.
D) many poor children must work for income.

Question 12

Getting into college in Japan, compared to the United States, is more a matter of

A) athletic ability.
B) performance on achievement tests.
C) family ties.
D) being rich.

Question 13

The national elite in Britain will most likely have attended

A) an American university.
B) home-schooling facilities.
C) "Oxbridge."
D) the equivalent of American public schools.

Question 14

On which of the following continents do we find the most countries with high rates of illiteracy?

A) Africa
B) Europe
C) South America
D) North America

Question 15

Formal instruction under the direction of specially trained teachers is called

A) instruction.
B) education.
C) schooling.
D) learning.

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE of British education?

A) University entrance exams are as crucial as those of Japan.
B) For those who score high on the entrance exams, the government pays most university costs.
C) Traditional social distinctions have been removed from education.
D) Education is mandatory until age 14.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT true of schooling in Great Britain?

A) During the Middle Ages, schooling was a privilege of the nobility.
B) The Industrial Revolution created a need for an educated labour force.
C) Working class people demanded access to schools during the Industrial Revolution.
D) Law now requires every British child to attend school until age 18.

Question 18

A separate Catholic and Protestant school system in Canada

A) violates the principle of mass education.
B) was established prior to Confederation.
C) was established several years after Confederation.
D) interfered with adequate fulfillment of educational requirements associated with the Industrial Revolution.

Question 19

In Great Britain, regardless of their scores on achievement examinations, the children of well-to-do families

A) generally do not go to college.
B) must go to state universities like everyone else.
C) typically go to high-prestige private universities, including Oxford or Cambridge.
D) go to trade schools, but only if they are males.

Question 20

The fact that, historically, schooling has been mostly for elites is evident in the fact that the word "school" has the same root as the Greek word for

A) "learning."
B) "wisdom."
C) "leisure."
D) "elder."

Question 21

By definition, which of the following is NOT a latent function of schooling, according to structural-functionalist analysis?

A) child care
B) inculcation of skills
C) consumes the time and energy of teenagers
D) helps establish lasting relationships

Question 22

The striking cultural diversity of Canada

A) indicates the need for a strong "heritage" school system.
B) increases the need for the teaching of French in the schools in non-francophone areas.
C) increases the importance of formal education as a path to social integration.
D) indicates the need for cultural segregation.

Question 23

The problem of functional illiteracy means that

A) many young people leave school without learning basic skills.
B) many older people have forgotten the lessons they learned in school.
C) a significant share of Canadian children never attended school.
D) many teachers in Canadian schools do not know how to teach.

Question 24

A symbolic-interaction approach to schooling would include which of the following ideas?

A) If teachers think some category of students is superior, those same students may end up doing superior work.
B) Teachers convey specialized knowledge that children are not likely to learn at home.
C) Some categories of students are tracked into better classes than others.
D) Schools are intended for learning, but they are also places where many people meet their eventual partners.

Question 25

Educational development in Canada included

A) kindergarten in the Toronto schools in 1783.
B) compulsory education to age 21 in 1920.
C) mass education as a response to the need for a literate and skilled workforce.
D) secondary schools across the country by 1900.

Question 26

Which of the following is a latent function of schooling?

A) ensuring some common culture
B) teaching about the American way of life
C) providing child care
D) teaching job skills

Question 27

The functions of schooling do NOT include

A) socializing the young.
B) creating new culture.
C) helping to integrate a diverse society.
D) contributing to downward social mobility.

Question 28

Which Canadian province scored highest in science according to the Pan-Canadian Assessment Program?

A) Alberta
B) B.C.
C) Ontario
D) Quebec

Question 29

The Hutterites have their children taught in schools within their own colonies. This is an example of

A) resistance to social integration.
B) response to religious persecution.
C) geography making social integration difficult.
D) resistance to cultural innovation.

Question 30

When schoolteacher Jane Elliot performed an experiment about students who were taught to perceive their abilities positively or negatively, she was investigating which concept?

A) social stratification
B) cultural innovation
C) self-fulfilling prophecy
D) the dropout phenomenon

Question 31

Which of the following statements applies to the structural-functionalist approach to schooling?

A) If teachers think some category of students is superior, those same students may end up doing superior work.
B) Teachers convey specialized knowledge that children are not likely to learn at home.
C) Some categories of students are tracked into better classes than others.
D) Schools are intended for learning, but they also are places where many people meet their eventual partners.

Question 32

_____________ directs attention to the ways in which formal education enhances the operation and stability of society.

A) Structural-functional theory
B) Social-conflict theory
C) Symbolic interactionism
D) Ethnomethodology

Question 33

Jacque Demers is discussed in your text because

A) he was the first Quebecois to coach an NHL hockey team.
B) he never learned to read and write.
C) his on-ice injury left him unable to read and this changed his life dramatically.
D) he never graduated from high school and yet has a graduate degree from McGill.

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a component of social integration in the Canadian educational system?

A) Canada has had a long experience with the challenges of multiculturalism.
B) There has been an attempt made to foster Canadian nationalism while accommodating a wide variety of interest groups.
C) Our educational policies have been sensitive to the problems of maintaining equality of access and unity in the face of diversity.
D) We have been eager to push a national identity because of Quebec's sensitivities.

Question 35

Competitiveness is discouraged in many Canadian classrooms because

A) we don't want to be like Americans.
B) Canadians are raised in their families to avoid competition.
C) the cultural mosaic of Canada is simply not compatible with competitiveness.
D) of the potential damaging effects on self-esteem.

Question 36

Canada, as compared to the United States, has an education system that

A) places more emphasis on the history of the country.
B) places more emphasis on the workings of our political system.
C) includes frequent and varied expressions of patriotism.
D) encourages respect for the cultural mosaic.

Question 37

A report based on the Pan-Canadian Assessment Program concluded that ___________ came in significantly above the Canadian average in reading, math, and science.

A) Alberta
B) B.C.
C) Ontario
D) Quebec

Question 38

In Canada, as compared to the United States, there is more emphasis in the classroom on

A) competitive individualism.
B) activities that promote co-operation and sharing.
C) a political component.
D) obedience.

Question 39

Which sociological theory describes how schooling both causes and perpetuates social inequality?

A) social conflict
B) structural functionalism
C) post-modernism
D) symbolic interactionism

Question 40

The percentage of women currently involved in the fields of engineering and applied science is

A) 15.
B) 10.
C) 33.
D) 25.

Question 41

The extent of schooling in a society is closely tied to its level of economic development.

Question 42

Which province has the highest percentage of university degrees?

A) B.C.
B) Nova Scotia
C) Manitoba
D) Ontario

Question 43

What policy decision in Aboriginal education had devastating consequences for the children and their communities?

A) reservation schools
B) trade schools
C) residential schools
D) secular schools

Question 44

The perspective that asserts that schooling acts as a means of social control is

A) structural-functional theory.
B) social-conflict theory.
C) symbolic interaction theory.
D) ethnomethodology.

Question 45

Historically, the poorest people in every society have been the most likely to go to school, so that they could learn what they needed to know to earn a living.

Question 46

The subtle presentation of political or cultural ideas in the classroom is termed

A) the hidden curriculum.
B) the undiscovered curriculum.
C) the missing curriculum.
D) the ideal curriculum.

Question 47

A social-conflict analysis suggests that schooling developed in the late nineteenth century because that was the time that

A) factory owners needed an obedient and disciplined workforce.
B) immigrants had to learn English in order to work in factories.
C) the country had to teach immigrants that its way of life was right and good.
D) there were more well-to-do citizens eager to earn an education.

Question 48

The discipline problems presenting themselves in Canadian schools include primarily

A) the carrying of weapons.
B) daily assaults on students and teachers.
C) a disdain for learning.
D) the emphasis on political correctness.

Question 49

Along with gender, ________ is a strong predictor of aspirations to attend university.

A) age
B) race
C) high school performance
D) social class

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT part of the hidden curriculum in Canadian schools?

A) the teaching of compliance
B) the teaching of punctuality
C) the teaching of skills
D) the teaching of discipline

Question 51

Social-conflict analysis uses the term ___________ to refer to the categorical assigning of students to different types of education programs.

A) ability placement
B) streaming
C) differential placement
D) hierarchical education

Question 52

Which of the following types of theorists would emphasize that streaming advantages the rich and disadvantages the poor?

A) structural functionalist
B) symbolic interactionist
C) social-conflict theorist
D) post-modernist

Question 53

One result of tracking in schools is that

A) the brightest students get the worst teachers.
B) students do not get to study what they are interested in.
C) the students who get the best schooling are usually those who are more privileged to begin with.
D) students from disadvantaged backgrounds end up in higher tracks where they cannot do the work.

Question 54

Which of the following does the text NOT assert about the concept of education in Canada?

A) It is involved with change as a catalyst.
B) It is a force for maintaining tradition and continuity.
C) It is an adaptive mechanism.
D) It is the weakest of the social institutions Canadians experience.

Question 55

Education is the social institution providing members of a society with important knowledge.

Question 56

Which of the following is TRUE about streaming, according to social-conflict analysis?

A) It is the only option when performance must be evaluated.
B) It is biased in favour of students from affluent backgrounds.
C) It integrates students.
D) It does not have any relationship to social background.

Question 57

In low-income nations today, the vast majority of young people reach secondary school.

Question 58

In India, fewer boys than girls reach secondary school.

Question 59

What is taught in schools around the world reflects local cultures.

Question 60

Which of the following remains the most formidable barrier to enrollment in university?

A) low or moderate family income
B) difficulty in getting good grades as high schools are attempting to curtail grade inflation
C) lack of parental moral support
D) geographic distance from a post-secondary institution

Question 61

Aboriginal children in residential schools were told that their native language and religion were treasures that should be maintained.

Question 62

In Japan, a larger share of students graduate from high school than in Canada or the United States.

Question 63

The concept of "functionally illiteracy" refers to people who leave school before graduating.

Question 64

Critics argue that some bias based on class, race, or ethnicity is inherent in any formal testing.

Question 65

Student loans and bursaries in Canada provide the opportunity for everyone to attend a post-secondary institution.

Question 66

The Japanese place greater importance on achievement test scores than we do in Canada in selecting students to attend colleges and universities.

Question 67

Prior to Confederation, governments in Canada had created separate Catholic and Protestant school systems.

Question 68

Jane Elliott's experiment with elementary school children demonstrated the effects of tracking and streaming.

Question 69

One latent function of schooling is establishing social relationships and networks.

Question 70

Functional illiteracy is a complex social problem, not an issue of individuals.

Question 71

If school officials consider some children to be gifted, teachers may treat them accordingly and create a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 72

In Canada, schooling is an important path to upward social mobility.

Question 73

From a social-conflict perspective, schooling in Canada transforms social privilege into personal merit.

Question 74

Social-conflict theory supports the policy of tracking to give all students instruction geared to their abilities.

Question 75

Social-conflict theory urges more use of tracking to give all students instruction geared to their abilities.

Question 76

In Canada, there is more of an emphasis on activities that encourage co-operation, sharing, and team effort than competition.

Question 77

One latent function of schooling is establishing social relationships and networks.

Question 78

Following a social-conflict approach, schooling helps to eliminate social inequality.

Question 79

Wealthy British families send their children to "public schools" that are the same as private boarding schools in Canada.

Question 80

A unified cultural identity, "Canadian," is emphasized in Canadian public schools, but not in Canadian private schools.