Deck 14: Race and Ethnicity

Question 1

A good example of the culture theory of prejudice is

A) T.W. Adorno's research on prejudiced people.
B) Emory Bogardus's research on social distance.
C) W.I. Thomas's vicious cycle theory.
D) Jeremy Bentham's Panopticon theory.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

While prejudice is a matter of _____, discrimination is a matter of _____.

A) biology; culture
B) attitudes; action
C) choice; social structure
D) abnormality; what a society considers normal

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is one reason sociologists consider the "scientific" racial types of Caucasian, Mongoloid, and Negroid to be misleading and even harmful?

A) Every society's population is homogenous.
B) Various racial categories are genetically very dissimilar.
C) The skin colour of many different races ranges from very light to very dark.
D) Mongoloid is no longer an acceptable term to use.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

You would be expressing a "stereotype" if you

A) made any generalization about people.
B) stated an exaggerated description and applied it to everyone in some category.
C) held an opinion about someone based on personal experience.
D) treated everybody in an unkind way.

Question 5

A minority is defined as a category of people who are

A) small in numbers and disadvantaged.
B) less than half the society's total population.
C) set apart by that society and disadvantaged.
D) born in some other country.

Question 6

Human beings are all

A) members of a single biological species.
B) members of various species, depending on colour.
C) members of various species, depending on cultural background.
D) members of various species, depending on where in the world they live.

Question 7

With whom do we associate authoritarian personality theory?

A) Adorno
B) Bogardus
C) Marx
D) Durkheim

Question 8

The concept of "race" refers to

A) people who fall into any minority category.
B) a person's skin colour.
C) a cultural heritage shared by a category of people.
D) a socially constructed category composed of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important.

Question 9

Race refers to _____ considered important by a society; ethnicity refers to _____.

A) cultural traits; biological traits
B) biological traits; cultural traits
C) differences; what we have in common
D) what we have in common; differences

Question 10

Which of the following concepts refers to a shared cultural heritage?

A) race
B) minority
C) ethnicity
D) stereotype

Question 11

Authoritarian personality theory states that extreme prejudice is

A) built into culture itself.
B) a trait of certain individuals.
C) found among poor and disadvantaged people.
D) found among most people in all societies.

Question 12

According to T.W. Adorno's authoritarian personality theory, prejudiced people

A) view society as naturally hierarchical.
B) reject ethnocentrism.
C) cannot easily see actions as either right or wrong.
D) tend to reject any conventional cultural values.

Question 13

Which of the following concepts refers to a category of people, distinguished by physical or cultural traits, who are socially disadvantaged?

A) minority
B) ethnic category
C) racial category
D) out-group

Question 14

In Canada, minorities typically have less

A) trouble integrating.
B) occupational prestige.
C) desire to attain status.
D) need to attend post-secondary.

Question 15

Typically, people who live in _____ perceive fewer racial categories than people who live in _____.

A) Canada; Brazil
B) Brazil; Canada
C) Brazil; the United States
D) the West; the East

Question 16

Conflict theory states that prejudice is

A) used by powerful people to justify oppressing others.
B) built into culture itself.
C) common among immigrants.
D) common among certain people with rigid personalities.

Question 17

Scapegoat theory states that prejudice is created by

A) culture beliefs.
B) high levels of immigration.
C) frustration among disadvantaged people.
D) people with rigid personalities.

Question 18

Institutional prejudice and discrimination refers to the fact that

A) some people hold rigid and unfair attitudes.
B) bias was more pronounced in this nation's history.
C) bias is built into the operation of social institutions.
D) many people still hold prejudiced opinions.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about prejudice is true?

A) Prejudice involves accurate judgments.
B) Prejudice treats everyone in some category in the same way.
C) Prejudice can only be negative.
D) Prejudice is a natural, healthy, first impression in most societies.

Question 20

A family leaves Russia and takes up residence in Canada, where they gradually lose cultural traditions. Doing so, these people have modified their

A) race.
B) ethnicity.
C) ancestry.
D) religion.

Question 21

The adoption of the English language by Iranian immigrants to Canada is an example of

A) genocide.
B) segregation.
C) assimilation.
D) pluralism.

Question 22

The killing of the Tutsis by the Hutus in Rwanda is a recent example of

A) assimilation.
B) genocide.
C) miscegenation.
D) hypersegregation.

Question 23

Assimilation refers to the pattern by which

A) people become more tolerant of minorities.
B) minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant category.
C) all minority categories become more equal in social standing.
D) people regain their lost cultural heritage.

Question 24

Canada is not truly pluralistic because

A) some people live in "ethnic enclaves."
B) many people value ethnic diversity.
C) racial and ethnic categories do not have roughly equal social standing.
D) some races are obviously superior.

Question 25

The complexity of community organizations that meet the needs of ethnic minorities is called

A) institutional comprehensiveness.
B) institutional inclusiveness.
C) institutional thoroughness.
D) institutional completeness.

Question 26

According to your text, the clearest example of segregation in Canada is found in our treatment of

A) Loyalists in Nova Scotia.
B) Aboriginal peoples.
C) the Chinese.
D) the English.

Question 27

The ancestors of which of the following groups first settled the lands of the Western Hemisphere?

A) WASPs
B) European Canadians
C) African Americans
D) Aboriginal peoples

Question 28

The existence of Africville in Halifax is an example of

A) assimilation.
B) segregation.
C) pluralism.
D) miscegenation.

Question 29

Critics of multiculturalism in Canada suggest that

A) it encourages immigrant adaptation.
B) it is supportive of the development of a shared Canadian identity.
C) ethnic identification weakens the social fabric of Canada.
D) no one in Canada desires to live in a multicultural country.

Question 30

More than half of Nova Scotians who belong to visible minorities identify themselves as

A) "old stock" Canadians.
B) "from away."
C) French-Canadians.
D) Aboriginals.

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT one of the three urban centres in Canada with significant Black populations?

A) Halifax
B) Vancouver
C) Toronto
D) Montreal

Question 32

Which of the following statements about Canada is accurate?

A) Segregation has been practiced in the past, but rarely occurs at the moment.
B) Segregation has been practiced historically, as well as currently.
C) Most segregation that occurs in Canada is voluntary.
D) Segregation in Canada is primarily an urban phenomenon.

Question 33

The policies of multiculturalism in Canada

A) support the goal of full participation by melting into the majority.
B) promote unity through diversity.
C) were officially adopted in the Multiculturalism Act of 1968.
D) discourage the French and the English from accepting new immigrants.

Question 34

The adoption of the English or French language by African immigrants to Canada is an example of

A) genocide.
B) segregation.
C) assimilation.
D) pluralism.

Question 35

The Matsui family came to Canada from Japan 30 years ago. They now speak English at home and the Matsui children date non-Japanese students at college. This family's story is closest to which of the following concepts?

A) pluralism
B) segregation
C) assimilation
D) miscegenation

Question 36

Which of the following concepts refers to a state in which racial and ethnic minorities are distinct but have social parity?

A) genocide
B) segregation
C) assimilation
D) pluralism

Question 37

The claim that defining members of some minority as inferior will make them inferior is one application of

A) social distance research.
B) the iron law of oligarchy.
C) the Thomas theorem.
D) authoritarian personality theory.

Question 38

Reitz and Breton suggest that the "cultural mosaic" of Canada and the "melting pot" of the U.S. result in

A) a multicultural Canadian society and an assimilated American society.
B) low rates of criminal activity in Canada and high rates in the U.S.
C) minimal differences in assimilation or economic integration.
D) the maintenance of diverse languages in Canada and their disappearance in the U.S.

Question 39

The idea that prejudice and discrimination form a vicious cycle means that

A) prejudice is more common than actual discrimination.
B) it is easy to prove that most stereotypes are wrong.
C) most people will act on their prejudices.
D) bias is easily continued over time.

Question 40

Which of the following concepts refers to the physical and social separation of categories of people?

A) assimilation
B) racial typology
C) ethnic enclaves
D) segregation

Question 41

After "Canadian" ancestry, which of the following is most claimed as ethnic origin by Canadians?

A) English
B) German
C) Italian
D) American

Question 42

The Quiet Revolution in Quebec in the 1960s

A) greatly diminished the political power and social influence of the Catholic Church.
B) expanded the role of the federal government in economic affairs of the province.
C) privatized Hydro-Quebec.
D) established a department of education that encouraged a liberal arts education.

Question 43

_____________ is the diversity capital of Canada.

A) Toronto
B) Vancouver
C) Montreal
D) Winnipeg

Question 44

The Inuit of Canada's far north have experienced gradual erosion of traditional patterns of life because of

A) a degraded environment due to exploratory and drilling activities.
B) their desire to abandon tradition.
C) the addition of other cultures into their families, changing their ways of life.
D) weak cultural ties eventually degrading and disappearing.

Question 45

The removal of Aboriginal children from reserves so they could attend boarding schools

A) was accompanied by a system of regular visits with their parents.
B) was accompanied by programs of economic development on the reserves, in preparation for the return of these children.
C) resulted in a lack of preparation to live effectively in either Aboriginal or non-Aboriginal worlds.
D) was not accompanied by attempts at conversion to Christianity.

Question 46

When the first Europeans arrived in the Americas in the 15th century, Aboriginal peoples

A) followed shortly thereafter.
B) had just migrated to North America from Asia.
C) came with them from Europe.
D) were already here.

Question 47

Which is TRUE of slavery in Canada?

A) The only slaves in Canada came from the American South.
B) Slavery was essentially unsuited to Canadian agriculture.
C) The Canadian government abolished slavery shortly after the American government did the same.
D) Slavery was abolished in Western Canada before it was abolished in Eastern Canada.

Question 48

Which of the following is the province with the lowest visible minority population, according to Figure 14-2?

A) British Columbia
B) Alberta
C) Nova Scotia
D) Newfoundland

Question 49

The relationship between Aboriginals and Ottawa can be described as

A) respectful.
B) reciprocal.
C) non-bureaucratic.
D) paternalistic and bureaucratic.

Question 50

In which of the following ten-year periods was immigration to Canada highest?

A) 1895-1904
B) 1905-1914
C) 1945-1954
D) 1985-1994

Question 51

The APTN headquarters are in

A) Toronto.
B) Iqaluit.
C) Winnipeg.
D) Regina.

Question 52

Currently in Canada,

A) there is little public support for greater self-determination for Aboriginal peoples.
B) urban migration and assimilation are effectively alleviating problems for Aboriginal peoples.
C) Aboriginal communities on reserves and elsewhere are surviving and growing.
D) the inherent right to Aboriginal self-government is recognized legally and constitutionally.

Question 53

Which of the following statements about Aboriginals is TRUE?

A) They have lower levels of educational attainment.
B) Because of federal transfers, they have higher incomes than Asian Canadians.
C) They have high levels of labour force participation.
D) They have half the unemployment rate of Black Canadians.

Question 54

The election of the Parti Quebecois in 1976 paved the way for which of the following changes in the province of Quebec?

A) children of immigrants would be educated in French
B) large federal transfer payments to improve the French educational system
C) an increase in inter-provincial migration into Quebec
D) increased interest, on the part of corporations, in investment in the primary sector of economy

Question 55

The first recorded slave trade in Canada was in

A) 1492.
B) 1629.
C) 1867.
D) No slaves were ever bought or sold in Canada.

Question 56

In 2001, _____% of Canada's population claimed Canadian ethnicity as a single-origin response.

A) 9
B) 18
C) 39
D) 85

Question 57

In which of the following provinces is the presence of visible minorities the highest?

A) Newfoundland
B) New Brunswick
C) Ontario
D) British Columbia

Question 58

There are approximately _______ people in Canada with Aboriginal roots.

A) 500 000
B) 1 million
C) 2.5 million
D) 3.5 million

Question 59

In what was then Yugoslavia in the spring of 1999, 10 000 ethnic Albanians were victims of _____________ by their Serbian neighbours.

A) assimilation
B) ethnic cleansing
C) fratricide
D) cultural cleansing

Question 60

Which of the following is TRUE?

A) Canada has an essentially "European" parliamentary system with some British, some French, some German, and some components from several other countries.
B) The dominant culture in Canada is Anglo-Saxon.
C) The majority of Canadians speak French.
D) In the past, admission to Canada was controlled primarily by the government of Quebec.

Question 61

Ethnicity is harder to change than racial identity.

Question 62

Scientific research shows that there are three biologically pure races.

Question 63

The ethnicity of a person can be changed.

Question 64

In most cases, race and ethnicity refer to the same thing.

Question 65

In the Canadian pavilion in Disney World, a movie about Canada is shown that has no white people in it.

Question 66

Although based on physical traits like skin colour, the concept of "race" is constructed by society.

Question 67

"Minority" populations can sometimes constitute a numerical majority.

Question 68

All members of a minority category are poor.

Question 69

Canada currently admits about ________ immigrants per year.

A) 100 000
B) 175 000
C) 225 000
D) 300 000

Question 70

The major source of immigrants to Canada for the period 2006-2011 was

A) Europe.
B) the Philippines.
C) China.
D) South America.

Question 71

At least some prejudice is found in everyone.

Question 72

Which of the following is among the three classes of people eligible for landed immigrant status, according to the Immigration Act of 1976?

A) handicapped class
B) dependent adult class
C) humanitarian class
D) refugee class

Question 73

Being Greek, Italian, or Vietnamese involves a distinctive ethnicity.

Question 74

In 1962, Ellen Fairclough, Canada's first woman federal cabinet minister

A) put an end to White Canada immigration policy.
B) campaigned to retain national origin as an important criterion for entrance into Canada.
C) opposed the development of a point system for immigration.
D) campaigned for a nationwide system of classes that teach English to non-English speaking immigrants.

Question 75

Race or ethnicity often serves as a master status.

Question 76

Your text refers to Canada as an experiment in

A) mosaical assimilation.
B) new age melting pot theory.
C) miscegenation.
D) multi-layered pluralism.

Question 77

Most of the immigrants who have come to Canada in recent decades have gone to

A) Alberta and Ontario.
B) Ontario and British Columbia.
C) Alberta, B.C., and Manitoba.
D) Ontario and Quebec.

Question 78

What is the concept, which Quebec would like included in the Canadian Constitution, which has provoked major concern in the rest of Canada?

A) special society
B) unique characteristics
C) distinct society
D) devolution

Question 79

From which world regions do most of today's immigrants come?

A) Asia
B) Africa
C) Latin America
D) Europe

Question 80

According to the text, if Canada is to survive as a nation, it will be because

A) the number of immigrants is gradually reduced over at least the next ten years.
B) economic independence becomes the prime criterion for admission to Canada as an immigrant.
C) we have forged an identity out of diversity.
D) we have forged an identity by emphasizing our similarities.