Deck 16: The Reproductive System

Question 1

The gonads, or primary sex organs, produce sex cells, also known as ________.

A) zygotes
B) interstitial cells
C) gametes
D) spermatids

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Using Figure 16.2, identify the following:
The ovary is indicated by ________.

A) Label J
B) Label H
C) Label I
D) Label A
E) Label B

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Using Figure 16.2, identify the following:
The uterine (fallopian) tube is indicated by ________.

A) Label B
B) Label D
C) Label H
D) Label E
E) Label J

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Using Figure 16.2, identify the following:
The myometrium of the uterus is indicated by ________.

A) Label C
B) Label I
C) Label H
D) Label G
E) Label F

Question 5

The female reproductive organs, known as ________, produce both eggs (ova) and hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.

A) follicles
B) uterine (fallopian) tubes
C) testes
D) ovaries

Question 6

Using Figure 16.1, identify the following:
The epididymis is indicated by ________.

A) Label J
B) Label K
C) Label L
D) Label A
E) Label B

Question 7

Which of the following is suitable for the fertilization of an egg?

A) sperm
B) spermatid
C) primary spermatocyte
D) spermatogonium

Question 8

Using Figure 16.1, identify the following:
The urethra is indicated by ________.

A) Label C
B) Label D
C) Label B
D) Label A
E) Label F

Question 9

Sperm are formed in tightly coiled tubes called seminiferous tubules that are found within each ________.

A) spermatic cord
B) testis
C) ductus deferens
D) epididymis

Question 10

Which gland surrounds the upper portion of the urethra just below the junction with the urinary bladder?

A) ejaculatory
B) seminal vesicles
C) bulbourethral
D) prostate

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a role of semen?

A) Semen dilutes sperm.
B) The acidity of semen helps neutralize the pH environment of a female's vagina.
C) Semen contains enzymes that enhance sperm motility.
D) Semen contains antibiotic chemicals that destroy bacteria.

Question 12

Using Figure 16.1, identify the following:
The testis is indicated by ________.

A) Label L
B) Label J
C) Label I
D) Label K
E) Label C

Question 13

What is the enlarged tip of the penis called?

A) glans penis
B) shaft
C) scrotum
D) prepuce (foreskin)

Question 14

Using Figure 16.1, identify the following:
The prostate gland is indicated by ________.

A) Label E
B) Label D
C) Label A
D) Label B
E) Label G

Question 15

Which glands produce a thick, yellowish secretion which nourishes and activates sperm?

A) bulbourethral glands
B) prostate
C) seminal vesicles
D) ejaculatory duct

Question 16

The helmet-like region of the sperm that is similar to a large lysosome and assists penetration of the egg is called the ________.

A) flagellum
B) midpiece
C) spermatid
D) acrosome

Question 17

Which process streamlines spermatids into sperm?

A) mitosis
B) spermiogenesis
C) oogenesis
D) spermatogenesis

Question 18

Using Figure 16.2, identify the following:
The vaginal orifice is indicated by ________.

A) Label I
B) Label J
C) Label G
D) Label F
E) Label D

Question 19

Using Figure 16.1, identify the following:
The ejaculatory duct is indicated by ________.

A) Label L
B) Label F
C) Label H
D) Label C
E) Label G

Question 20

Using Figure 16.2, identify the following:
The clitoris is indicated by ________.

A) Label C
B) Label I
C) Label G
D) Label F
E) Label H

Question 21

Ovulation occurs in response to the release of an anterior pituitary hormone known as ________ hormone.

A) antidiuretic
B) thyroid-stimulating
C) luteinizing
D) follicle-stimulating

Question 22

What is the rounded region of the uterus that is superior to the entrance of the uterine tubes?

A) infundibulum
B) cervix
C) fundus
D) body

Question 23

A fertilized egg, which represents the first cell of a new individual, is called a(n) ________.

A) blastocyst
B) zygote
C) fetus
D) embryo

Question 24

What is the fatty, rounded area overlying the pubic symphysis of a female?

A) vestibule
B) perineum
C) mons pubis
D) vulva

Question 25

What is the process by which the acrosome membranes of sperm break down and release enzymes that digest holes in the surrounding oocyte membrane?

A) the acrosomal reaction
B) cleavage
C) ovulation
D) implantation

Question 26

The external genitalia of a female are also known as the ________.

A) clitoris
B) vestibule
C) vulva
D) perineum

Question 27

The ducts or tubes responsible for receiving the ovulated oocyte and providing the site for fertilization are the ________.

A) uterine (fallopian) tubes
B) vagina
C) ductus deferens
D) uterus

Question 28

Upon fertilization, an oocyte completes its second meiotic division and produces ________.

A) the corona radiata and a polar body
B) the morula and blastocyst
C) the ovum and another polar body
D) the primary oocyte and secondary oocyte

Question 29

A mature ovarian follicle that is ready to be ejected from an ovary is called a(n) ________.

A) primary oocyte
B) vesicular (Graafian) follicle
C) ovum
D) corpus luteum

Question 30

Burrowing of the fertilized egg into the endometrium lining of the uterus is called ________.

A) ovulation
B) implantation
C) cleavage
D) fertilization

Question 31

An oocyte is viable up to ________ hours after ovulation.

A) 2
B) 24
C) 48
D) 104

Question 32

The process of creating female gametes is called ________.

A) spermatogenesis
B) oogenesis
C) spermiogenesis
D) cleavage

Question 33

Which hormone promotes a small number of primary follicles within the ovary to grow and mature each month?

A) luteinizing hormone (LH)
B) estrogen
C) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) testosterone

Question 34

Which hormone is produced by the corpus luteum that helps maintain pregnancy?

A) estrogen
B) testosterone
C) progesterone
D) relaxin

Question 35

The pigmented area of a female's breast that surrounds the nipple is the ________.

A) areola
B) lactiferous sinus
C) lactiferous duct
D) lobule

Question 36

Which ligament anchors the anterior portion of the uterus?

A) suspensory ligament
B) ovarian ligament
C) broad ligament
D) round ligament

Question 37

Of the two functional areas of the blastocyst, which one gives rise to the three primary germ layers?

A) amnion
B) morula
C) inner cell mass
D) trophoblast

Question 38

Which layer of the uterus is constructed of smooth muscle?

A) endometrium
B) perimetrium
C) myometrium
D) epimetrium

Question 39

Days 6-14 of the uterine (menstrual) cycle are known as the ________ phase. This phase concludes with ovulation.

A) secretory
B) luteal
C) proliferative
D) menstrual

Question 40

What is the early stage of embryonic development during which rapid mitotic cell divisions occur as the zygote travels down the uterine (fallopian) tube?

A) the acrosomal reaction
B) cleavage
C) fertilization
D) implantation

Question 41

In what specific part of the male reproductive system do maturing sperm gain increased motility and their ability to swim?

A) seminiferous tubules
B) epididymis
C) ductus deferens
D) ejaculatory duct
E) urethra

Question 42

The male gonads have both sperm-producing and testosterone-producing functions and are called ________.

A) testes
B) sperm
C) ovaries
D) ovum
E) gametes

Question 43

What is removed during male circumcision?

A) glans penis
B) shaft of the penis
C) scrotum
D) prepuce
E) ductus deferens

Question 44

The placenta and its attached fetal membranes, expelled from the uterus during the placental stage of labor, are collectively referred to as ________.

A) the vertex position
B) the afterbirth
C) dystocia
D) parturition

Question 45

Which rare condition results in individuals who possess both ovarian and testicular tissues?

A) phimosis
B) cryptorchidism
C) hermaphroditism
D) orchiditis

Question 46

Trace the pathway of sperm through the duct system during ejaculation.

A) epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra
B) epididymis, ductus deferens, seminiferous tubules, ejaculatory duct
C) seminiferous tubule, ductus deferens, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra
D) epididymis, seminal vesicles, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra
E) ductus deferens, epididymis, seminiferous tubule, urethra, seminal vesicles

Question 47

Peristaltic waves squeeze sperm from the epididymis along to the outside of the male's body during ________.

A) vasectomy
B) circumcision
C) spermatogenesis
D) ejaculation
E) erection

Question 48

Which hormone causes pelvic ligaments and the pubic symphysis to relax, widen, and become more flexible during pregnancy?

A) estrogen
B) progesterone
C) relaxin
D) luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 49

Which gland produces thick, clear mucus that cleanses the penile urethra of acidic urine?

A) testes
B) seminal vesicles
C) prostate
D) bulbo-urethral glands
E) epididymis

Question 50

Which of the following is the exocrine function of the testes?

A) testosterone production
B) ovum fertilization
C) sperm production
D) embryo nutrition
E) estrogen production

Question 51

The spongy tissue of the penis fills with blood during sexual excitement and causes the penis to enlarge and become rigid during ________.

A) erection
B) circumcision
C) ejaculation
D) emission
E) parturition

Question 52

Which of the following connects the ampulla of the ductus deferens with the urethra?

A) ureter
B) ejaculatory duct
C) rete testis
D) epididymis
E) seminal vesicles

Question 53

Where are androgens, such as testosterone, produced?

A) seminiferous tubules of the testis
B) interstitial cells of the testis
C) epididymis
D) bulbourethral glands
E) prostate

Question 54

The series of events that expel the infant from the uterus are referred to collectively as ________.

A) labor
B) menarche
C) menstruation
D) menopause

Question 55

Where are sperm produced within a male's testis?

A) seminiferous tubules
B) ejaculatory duct
C) interstitial cells
D) rete testis
E) lobules

Question 56

What is the distal portion of the male urethra that runs the length of the penis?

A) prostatic urethra
B) membranous urethra
C) spongy urethra
D) intermediate urethra
E) bulbourethra

Question 57

During which stage of labor does the cervix soften, efface, and dilate?

A) dilation stage
B) parturition stage
C) placental stage
D) expulsion stage

Question 58

The period of life between 10 and 15 years of age is known as ________. It is during this time that the reproductive organs grow to their adult size and become functional under the influence of hormones.

A) adulthood
B) menarche
C) puberty
D) menopause

Question 59

What is the function of the milky-colored fluids secreted from the prostate?

A) enable sperm to swim
B) activate sperm
C) cleanse the urethra
D) neutralize urine
E) begin spermatogenesis

Question 60

Which one of the following is NOT a component of semen?

A) sperm
B) seminal fluid
C) prostatic fluid
D) bulbourethral fluid
E) epididymal fluid

Question 61

The entire process of spermatogenesis takes approximately ________.

A) 25-50 days
B) 64-72 days
C) 120 days
D) 1 year
E) 15 years

Question 62

Which of the following cells could be fertilized?

A) polar body
B) primary oocyte
C) secondary oocyte
D) oogonium
E) corpus luteum

Question 63

During oogenesis, an oogonium directly gives rise to ________.

A) an ovum
B) a primary oocyte
C) a secondary oocyte
D) a first polar body
E) a second polar body

Question 64

What results from spermiogenesis?

A) four spermatogonia
B) four spermatids
C) two sperm
D) two spermatids
E) four sperm

Question 65

Which of the following does NOT occur during puberty in a female?

A) increased fat deposits beneath the skin
B) onset of menopause
C) widening and lightening of the pelvis
D) development of the breasts
E) appearance of axillary and pubic hair

Question 66

The inner mucosal layer of the uterus that is sloughed off approximately every 28 days is called the ________.

A) endometrium
B) myometrium
C) perimetrium
D) epimetrium
E) hypometrium

Question 67

How many chromosomes do each sperm and each ovum have?

A) 23 pairs of chromosomes
B) 23 chromosomes
C) 46 pairs of chromosomes
D) 46 chromosomes
E) 2n chromosomes

Question 68

Which one of the following is NOT one of the secondary sex characteristics typical of males?

A) deepening voice
B) increased growth of body hair
C) enlargement of skeletal muscle mass
D) development of breast tissue
E) thickening of bones

Question 69

What effect does luteinizing hormone (LH) have on a female?

A) LH promotes enlargement of the female's breasts.
B) LH has no effect on a female.
C) LH causes secondary sex characteristics to develop in a female.
D) LH stimulates primary follicles in a female's ovary to grow each month.
E) LH triggers ovulation in a female.

Question 70

Which layer of the uterus serves as the site of implantation?

A) fundus
B) cervix
C) myometrium
D) endometrium
E) perimetrium

Question 71

The process by which a mature egg is ejected from the ovary is called ________.

A) emission
B) menses
C) fertilization
D) ovulation
E) parturition

Question 72

Which of the following cells undergoes meiosis to produce four sperm?

A) spermatids
B) spermatogonium
C) primary spermatocyte
D) ovum
E) zygote

Question 73

Which portion of the sperm houses the nucleus and its DNA?

A) midpiece
B) flagellum
C) head
D) tail
E) acrosome

Question 74

Which of the following is responsible for secondary sex characteristics in females?

A) estrogens
B) progesterone
C) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
E) testosterone

Question 75

What is NOT a True statement concerning the vagina?

A) The vagina serves as the birth canal.
B) The distal end of the vagina is partially enclosed by the hymen.
C) The vagina is the female organ of copulation.
D) The innermost lining of the vagina sloughs off periodically.
E) The vagina is situated between the rectum and urinary bladder.

Question 76

How long are the typical ovarian and uterine (menstrual) cycles in a female?

A) 7 days
B) 14 days
C) 28 days
D) 40 days
E) 60 days

Question 77

On which day of the female's uterine (menstrual) cycle does ovulation typically occur?

A) day 7
B) day 14
C) day 21
D) day 24
E) day 28

Question 78

What effect does follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) have on males?

A) Male testes are not influenced by FSH.
B) FSH functions solely in females.
C) FSH stimulates sperm production in males.
D) FSH causes the testes to enlarge in size.
E) FSH stimulates estrogen production in males.

Question 79

Where does fertilization usually occur?

A) ovary
B) vesicular (Graafian) follicle
C) uterine (fallopian) tubes
D) uterus
E) vagina

Question 80

The primitive stem cell of spermatogenesis, which is found on the periphery of each seminiferous tubule, is called a ________.

A) spermatogonium
B) spermatid
C) primary spermatocyte
D) secondary spermatocyte
E) sperm