Deck 27: The Cold War and the Fair Deal, 1945-1952

Question 1

In the civil war that broke out in Greece after World War II,the United States assisted the British-supported government.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Harry Truman was born and raised in Missouri.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The 1946 congressional elections resulted in:

A)Republican control of Congress.
B)the end of the New Deal.
C)a public vote of confidence in Truman.
D)a decline in partisan divisions.
E)Truman's adoption of cold war policies.

Answer 3

Republican control of Congress.

Question 4

The Servicemen's Readjustment Act was also known as the GI Bill of Rights.

Question 5

Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council:

A)now include Germany and Japan.
B)meet every two years.
C)do not participate in the General Assembly.
D)periodically rotate so that new countries participate.
E)each have veto power over major UN decisions.

Question 6

On the domestic front,President Truman soon made clear his intention to:

A)expand the New Deal.
B)end the Depression.
C)balance the budget.
D)cut taxes.
E)dramatically reduce government spending.

Question 7

The Fair Deal was President Truman's name for his approach to foreign policy in the early days of the cold war.

Question 8

Within a few months of the end of World War II,there were strikes and other labor disputes in many key industries.

Question 9

All of the following were established by the National Security Act of 1947 EXCEPT:

A)the Central Intelligence Agency.
B)the Air Force.
C)the National Security Council.
D)the Office of Homeland Security.
E)a permanent Joint Chiefs of Staff.

Question 10

At the end of World War II,Korea was divided along the 38th parallel.

Question 11

A major economic problem President Truman faced immediately after the war was:

A)the weakness of organized labor.
B)declining birthrates that lowered consumer demand.
C)high rates of inflation.
D)the return of high unemployment.
E)food shortages.

Question 12

Due to shrinking military production,a deep recession followed the end of World War II.

Question 13

J.Strom Thurmond was from New York.

Question 14

When confronted with a railroad strike in 1946,President Truman's response was to:

A)declare martial law.
B)threaten to draft the strikers.
C)say government had no role in labor-management disputes.
D)break the strike with unemployed veterans.
E)freeze transportation and energy prices.

Question 15

Whittaker Chambers accused Alger Hiss of supplying secret U.S.documents to the Soviets.

Question 16

One of Truman's great strengths as he assumed the presidency was his:

A)tremendous personal charisma and oratorical ability.
B)elite upbringing and connections.
C)willingness to work with Republicans.
D)years of experience as vice president.
E)determined,decisive character.

Question 17

The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947:

A)helped unions gain strength in the South.
B)allowed the president to impose a "cooling-off" period during major strikes.
C)was supported by President Truman due to his difficulties with organized labor.
D)abolished the National Labor Relations Board.
E)outlawed the passage of so-called right-to-work laws by the states.

Question 18

Israel's creation in 1948 was followed immediately by a war with its Arab neighbors.

Question 19

All of the following are true of Harry Truman EXCEPT that he:

A)served as a senator from Missouri.
B)had an Ivy League education.
C)personally suffered by contrast to Franklin Roosevelt when he became president.
D)was an artillery officer in World War I.
E)was a partner in a clothing business.

Question 20

The GI Bill did all of the following EXCEPT:

A)provide educational benefits for veterans.
B)provide housing loans for veterans.
C)help prevent a postwar depression.
D)pay veterans large bonuses to remain in the military.
E)provide medical treatment for veterans.

Question 21

At the 1948 Democratic Convention:

A)Truman was denied renomination.
B)delegates promised to take better care of veterans.
C)segregationist delegates from Alabama and Mississippi walked out of the convention in protest.
D)people protested getting tougher on the Russians.
E)delegates could not decide on a vice-presidential nominee.

Question 22

Baseball was integrated in 1947 when Jackie Robinson played for the:

A)New York Yankees.
B)Boston Red Sox.
C)Chicago Cubs.
D)St.Louis Cardinals.
E)Brooklyn Dodgers.

Question 23

During the 1948 campaign,the Dixiecrats did all of the following EXCEPT:

A)carry several southern states.
B)support Strom Thurmond for president.
C)support states' rights and segregation.
D)wave Confederate flags.
E)influence Truman to slow down on civil rights.

Question 24

In 1948,President Truman desegregated:

A)public schools.
B)defense industries.
C)Washington,D.C.
D)public transportation.
E)the military.

Question 25

Truman viewed his victory as a mandate for:

A)socialism.
B)bipartisanship.
C)the status quo.
D)liberalism.
E)thoughtful conservatism.

Question 26

By the spring of 1945,the United States and Britain were becoming deeply concerned over Soviet actions in:

A)east Asia.
B)the Middle East.
C)Latin America.
D)Western Europe.
E)Eastern Europe.

Question 27

By and large,Truman's Fair Deal proposals:

A)would revolutionize American life.
B)were enacted.
C)would wipe out the New Deal.
D)disappointed most Democrats.
E)were thwarted by a conservative coalition in Congress.

Question 28

All of the following were original North Atlantic Treaty Organization members EXCEPT:

A)Japan.
B)Canada.
C)the United States.
D)Britain.
E)France.

Question 29

As a result of the Truman Doctrine:

A)Greece and Turkey were less vulnerable to communism.
B)Yugoslavia went Communist.
C)the United Nations carried out its first military intervention.
D)U.S-Soviet relations improved.
E)Truman became less concerned about the Soviet threat.

Question 30

One major reason that World War II inspired postwar changes in race relations was the:

A)end it brought to the Depression.
B)racist nature of the enemies of the United States.
C)number of northerners it inspired to move to the South.
D)lessons in equality American soldiers learned from Europeans.
E)greater number of people receiving higher education.

Question 31

State Department official George Kennan:

A)predicted that the wartime alliance between the United States and the Soviets would continue.
B)said the United States should abandon Europe and focus on the defense of the Western Hemisphere.
C)said the United States should contain Soviet expansionist tendencies.
D)urged the use of military force to liberate Eastern Europe.
E)said the United States should be willing to bomb the Russians.

Question 32

Truman's response to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin in 1948 was to:

A)divide the rest of Germany into occupation zones.
B)mass American troops on the Soviet border.
C)get the United Nations to officially protest.
D)launch a massive airlift of supplies into West Berlin.
E)meet with Stalin to diplomatically resolve the crisis.

Question 33

Soviet and Communist activities in regard to Turkey and Greece were intended to:

A)provoke a war with the Americans and the British.
B)gain the rich natural resources of those countries.
C)inspire Russian patriotic feeling.
D)gain the Soviets access to the Mediterranean.
E)free those countries from dictatorships.

Question 34

The 1948 election is probably best remembered for:

A)Truman's upset victory.
B)Dewey's energetic campaign.
C)the new use of polls and television.
D)the racism of the Dixiecrats.
E)the poor showing of Henry Wallace.

Question 35

In regard to Israel's founding in 1948,the United States:

A)supported its Arab neighbors.
B)opposed the British departure from Palestine.
C)became the first country to recognize the Jewish state.
D)took no official stance.
E)sent troops there to maintain peace in the Middle East.

Question 36

The secretary of state who devised the plan of massive economic recovery aid to Europe was:

A)Dean Acheson.
B)George Marshall.
C)James F.Byrnes.
D)George Kennan.
E)Averell Harriman.

Question 37

The Yalta pledges of democratic elections in Eastern Europe:

A)proved to be meaningless.
B)were postponed for two years after the end of the war.
C)were fully backed by American military power.
D)were honored by Stalin.
E)were not in the national interests of the United States.

Question 38

During the 1948 presidential campaign,Truman endorsed all of the following EXCEPT:

A)black civil rights.
B)national health insurance.
C)public housing.
D)abolishing Social Security.
E)federal aid to education.

Question 39

The second-place finisher in the 1948 election was:

A)Strom Thurmond.
B)Thomas Dewey.
C)Henry Wallace.
D)Harry Truman.
E)George Marshall.

Question 40

As the 1948 election approached:

A)Truman seemed to be in deep political trouble.
B)Democrats were strongly united.
C)relations with the Soviets were clearly improving.
D)Truman seemed reluctant to run for reelection.
E)the economy slid into a recession.

Question 41

What did Truman mean by a Fair Deal? How did it compare to FDR's New Deal?

Question 42

Why did Truman win the presidential election of 1948? Why was his victory considered a major upset?

Question 43

President Truman vetoed the McCarran Internal Security Act:

A)to shore up his popularity ratings.
B)to protect some Communist friends.
C)because he felt it promoted thought control.
D)because a Republican Congress had passed it.
E)because he knew there were no Communist spies in the United States.

Question 44

UN forces reaching the Yalu River brought about:

A)a massive Chinese intervention.
B)North Korea's surrender.
C)the bombing of mainland China.
D)a cease-fire followed by peace negotiations.
E)Korea's current division along the 42nd parallel.

Question 45

Trace the election of 1948.Who were the major parties and what issues dominated the campaign? What was the eventual outcome of the race?

Question 46

Trace the development of building the United Nations.What issues did the United Nations have to deal with almost immediately after the war?

Question 47

When North Korea attacked South Korea,Truman concluded that:

A)it was grounds to start World War III.
B)it was a good excuse to attack China.
C)Stalin and the Soviets were behind it.
D)South Korea could not be saved.
E)he should bypass the United Nations.

Question 48

Describe the various measures taken to control inflation after World War II.Were any of these attempts successful?

Question 49

The Soviet acquisition of the atomic bomb in 1949 inspired Truman to:

A)arrange a summit conference with Stalin.
B)order the resumption of the military draft.
C)order the development of a hydrogen bomb.
D)see the folly of the nuclear-arms race.
E)arm American submarines with nuclear missiles.

Question 50

Describe the Red Scare that followed the end of World War II.What factors caused it? What were its major results?

Question 51

Describe the social and economic effects of demobilization.

Question 52

Trace the major developments in the cold war from 1945 to 1948.

Question 53

When North Korean Communists invaded South Korea:

A)South Korean forces initially repulsed the invaders.
B)the United Nations authorized military intervention against the aggressors.
C)Truman persuaded Congress to declare war on North Korea.
D)Stalin told the North Koreans to stop their aggression.
E)the Soviets used their Security Council veto to prevent United Nations action.

Question 54

Inch'n was the site:

A)where Chinese forces overran UN positions.
B)where UN forces were able to establish a perimeter in far-south South Korea.
C)of North Korea's capital.
D)where General MacArthur turned the war around with a surprise landing.
E)where peace negotiations dragged on for two years.

Question 55

The United States experienced a shock in 1949 when Communists took over:

A)China.
B)Korea.
C)Taiwan.
D)Vietnam.
E)Cuba.

Question 56

In early 1950,Senator Joseph McCarthy claimed to have a list of Communists in:

A)the White House.
B)the State Department.
C)the FBI.
D)Congress.
E)the movie industry.

Question 57

Detail the early civil rights movement in the 1940s.In what ways did World War II help push this movement into reality?

Question 58

Truman fired MacArthur:

A)for incompetence.
B)because of party politics.
C)to preserve civilian control of the military.
D)for reasons that are still unknown.
E)because he never liked him personally.

Question 59

With the end of World War II,Korea:

A)was invaded by the Soviets.
B)was left under the control of Japan.
C)was under joint American and British occupation.
D)quickly emerged as a regional power.
E)became divided into northern and southern halves.

Question 60

Discuss the causes and major events that led to the announcement of the Truman Doctrine.

Question 61

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
George C.Marshall

A)wrote influential article on cold war policy in Foreign Affairs
B)was taunted and baited during the 1947 baseball season
C)was the Dixiecrat presidential candidate in 1948
D)was convicted in 1950 of perjury in an espionage case
E)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1948
F)was a former Soviet agent and later an editor of Time magazine
G)proposed to widen the Korean War by attacking Communist China
H)was a senator from Wisconsin
I)was secretary of state in 1947
J)led UN forces in Korea after April 1951

Question 62

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Thomas E.Dewey

A)wrote influential article on cold war policy in Foreign Affairs
B)was taunted and baited during the 1947 baseball season
C)was the Dixiecrat presidential candidate in 1948
D)was convicted in 1950 of perjury in an espionage case
E)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1948
F)was a former Soviet agent and later an editor of Time magazine
G)proposed to widen the Korean War by attacking Communist China
H)was a senator from Wisconsin
I)was secretary of state in 1947
J)led UN forces in Korea after April 1951

Question 63

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Douglas MacArthur

A)wrote influential article on cold war policy in Foreign Affairs
B)was taunted and baited during the 1947 baseball season
C)was the Dixiecrat presidential candidate in 1948
D)was convicted in 1950 of perjury in an espionage case
E)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1948
F)was a former Soviet agent and later an editor of Time magazine
G)proposed to widen the Korean War by attacking Communist China
H)was a senator from Wisconsin
I)was secretary of state in 1947
J)led UN forces in Korea after April 1951

Question 64

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Matthew Ridgway

A)wrote influential article on cold war policy in Foreign Affairs
B)was taunted and baited during the 1947 baseball season
C)was the Dixiecrat presidential candidate in 1948
D)was convicted in 1950 of perjury in an espionage case
E)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1948
F)was a former Soviet agent and later an editor of Time magazine
G)proposed to widen the Korean War by attacking Communist China
H)was a senator from Wisconsin
I)was secretary of state in 1947
J)led UN forces in Korea after April 1951

Question 65

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Whittaker Chambers

A)wrote influential article on cold war policy in Foreign Affairs
B)was taunted and baited during the 1947 baseball season
C)was the Dixiecrat presidential candidate in 1948
D)was convicted in 1950 of perjury in an espionage case
E)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1948
F)was a former Soviet agent and later an editor of Time magazine
G)proposed to widen the Korean War by attacking Communist China
H)was a senator from Wisconsin
I)was secretary of state in 1947
J)led UN forces in Korea after April 1951

Question 66

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
J.Strom Thurmond

A)wrote influential article on cold war policy in Foreign Affairs
B)was taunted and baited during the 1947 baseball season
C)was the Dixiecrat presidential candidate in 1948
D)was convicted in 1950 of perjury in an espionage case
E)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1948
F)was a former Soviet agent and later an editor of Time magazine
G)proposed to widen the Korean War by attacking Communist China
H)was a senator from Wisconsin
I)was secretary of state in 1947
J)led UN forces in Korea after April 1951

Question 67

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Joseph R.McCarthy

A)wrote influential article on cold war policy in Foreign Affairs
B)was taunted and baited during the 1947 baseball season
C)was the Dixiecrat presidential candidate in 1948
D)was convicted in 1950 of perjury in an espionage case
E)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1948
F)was a former Soviet agent and later an editor of Time magazine
G)proposed to widen the Korean War by attacking Communist China
H)was a senator from Wisconsin
I)was secretary of state in 1947
J)led UN forces in Korea after April 1951

Question 68

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
George F.Kennan

A)wrote influential article on cold war policy in Foreign Affairs
B)was taunted and baited during the 1947 baseball season
C)was the Dixiecrat presidential candidate in 1948
D)was convicted in 1950 of perjury in an espionage case
E)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1948
F)was a former Soviet agent and later an editor of Time magazine
G)proposed to widen the Korean War by attacking Communist China
H)was a senator from Wisconsin
I)was secretary of state in 1947
J)led UN forces in Korea after April 1951

Question 69

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Jackie Robinson

A)wrote influential article on cold war policy in Foreign Affairs
B)was taunted and baited during the 1947 baseball season
C)was the Dixiecrat presidential candidate in 1948
D)was convicted in 1950 of perjury in an espionage case
E)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1948
F)was a former Soviet agent and later an editor of Time magazine
G)proposed to widen the Korean War by attacking Communist China
H)was a senator from Wisconsin
I)was secretary of state in 1947
J)led UN forces in Korea after April 1951

Question 70

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Alger Hiss

A)wrote influential article on cold war policy in Foreign Affairs
B)was taunted and baited during the 1947 baseball season
C)was the Dixiecrat presidential candidate in 1948
D)was convicted in 1950 of perjury in an espionage case
E)was the Republican presidential candidate in 1948
F)was a former Soviet agent and later an editor of Time magazine
G)proposed to widen the Korean War by attacking Communist China
H)was a senator from Wisconsin
I)was secretary of state in 1947
J)led UN forces in Korea after April 1951