Deck 21: The Progressive Era, 1890-1920

Question 1

The phrase "Square Deal" is associated with Theodore Roosevelt.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Socialism was an antecedent to progressivism.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The commission plan of city government was first adopted in:

A)Atlanta,Georgia.
B)Durham,North Carolina.
C)Galveston,Texas.
D)Springfield,Missouri.
E)Columbia,South Carolina.

Answer 3

Galveston,Texas.

Question 4

Woodrow Wilson was a minister's son who grew up in the South.

Question 5

The muckrakers saw their primary objective as:

A)converting Americans to socialism.
B)exposing social problems to the public.
C)increasing the circulation of sensationalist newspapers.
D)proposing detailed legislation.
E)destroying the Republican party.

Question 6

The popular election of senators required a constitutional amendment.

Question 7

The originator of the "Wisconsin idea" of efficient government was:

A)Lewis Hine.
B)Hiram Johnson.
C)Florence Kelley.
D)Robert M.La Follette.
E)Louis D.Brandeis.

Question 8

Jane Addams,founder of the settlement house movement,stated:

A)"a woman's response to alcoholism and abuse should be subtle."
B)progressive reformers reflected their "yearning sense of justice and compassion."
C)"the upper-class prayers have been answered."
D)"my duty as a mother is to my children's future."
E)"urban enlightenment is the only goal."

Question 9

Theodore Roosevelt gave muckrakers their name.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the method used by most progressives to solve the problem of economic power and its abuses?

A)adopt a socialist program of public ownership
B)follow the principles of laissez-faire government
C)regulate big business
D)allow business to work out its own destiny
E)lower taxes so that companies would raise wages

Question 11

Who wrote articles for the best-selling McClure's magazine?

A)George F.Baer
B)Ray Stannard Baker
C)Henry Demarest Lloyd
D)Lincoln Steffens
E)Ida M.Tarbell

Question 12

Woodrow Wilson was elected president in 1908.

Question 13

William H.Taft achieved the most significant tariff reduction of any progressive president.

Question 14

Progressives generally believed government should not interfere with big business.

Question 15

In 1900,approximately how many Americans lived in desperate poverty?

A)30 million
B)10 million
C)5 million
D)25 million
E)15 million

Question 16

Progressives supported all of the following as measures to democratize government EXCEPT the:

A)initiative.
B)referendum.
C)party primary.
D)poll tax.
E)popular election of senators.

Question 17

One of Taft's major issues became his support for high tariffs.

Question 18

WCTU:

A)was the first radio station in America.
B)stood for Women's Christian Temperance Union.
C)was the radio station Roosevelt made famous while president.
D)stood for Western Colorado Teamsters Union.
E)was the abbreviation of Western Connecticut University,where Wilson got his start as a professor.

Question 19

Frederick W.Taylor:

A)was an Oregon reformer responsible for many progressive measures enacted there.
B)was an efficiency expert.
C)was the progressive editor of Arena.
D)was founder of the National Child Labor Committee.
E)authored the bill on reclamation for the western states.

Question 20

Many of the most prominent progressives endorsed Roosevelt's bid to be the first president representing a third party,the "Bull Moose" Progressive party.

Question 21

Contrary to his party's tradition,President Taft called for:

A)a moderately high tariff.
B)no tariff.
C)a lower tariff.
D)a high tariff only on luxury items.
E)a drastically higher inheritance tax.

Question 22

Theodore Roosevelt's close friend Gifford Pinchot was:

A)the president's chief speechwriter.
B)a forestry expert and leading conservationist.
C)one of the most famous muckrakers.
D)the attorney general who broke up the Northern Securities Company.
E)a strict prohibitionist who pushed for the Seventeenth Amendment.

Question 23

The major forces behind the social gospel movement were:

A)Jews and Catholics.
B)Protestants and Jews.
C)local government.
D)Protestants and Catholics.
E)the federal government.

Question 24

The National Child Labor Committee pushed:

A)to allow as many immigrant children to enter the workforce as possible.
B)to open more technical schools.
C)federal legislation allowing children to work more hours.
D)for laws banning the widespread employment of young children.
E)for mandatory scholarships for employees' children.

Question 25

Frances Willard lobbied for these issues important to woman EXCEPT:

A)child-labor laws.
B)government-funded kindergartens.
C)the eight-hour workday.
D)for women to become ministers.
E)the right to vote.

Question 26

Congress established the Bureau of Corporations to:

A)monitor the activities of interstate corporations.
B)encourage the development of American industry.
C)educate businesses about tariff standards.
D)keep an eye on the lobbying efforts in Congress.
E)educate businesses about new interpretations of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Question 27

In 1917,a prohibition amendment to the Constitution:

A)passed Congress,then went to the states for ratification.
B)was ratified by the states as the Eighteenth Amendment.
C)was overturned by the Twenty-first Amendment.
D)failed passage by Congress but was ratified by the states anyway.
E)passed Congress but was vetoed by the president.

Question 28

Who stated,"most of us in the North do not believe in any real Democracy between white and colored men."

A)Booker T.Washington
B)Ray Stannard Baker
C)Theodore Roosevelt
D)Upton Sinclair
E)Ida Tarbell

Question 29

The first place in the United States to extend equal voting to women was:

A)Massachusetts.
B)New York.
C)the New Mexico Territory.
D)the Oregon Territory.
E)the Wyoming Territory.

Question 30

During the 1908 presidential race:

A)Theodore Roosevelt sought reelection.
B)the Democrats once again nominated William Jennings Bryan.
C)the Socialist vote practically disappeared.
D)prohibition became the major issue.
E)Taft lost to Cleveland.

Question 31

President Taft's domestic policies generated a storm of controversy:

A)overseas.
B)within the Democratic party.
C)within the Progressive party.
D)within his own party.
E)in the military.

Question 32

At the Triangle Shirtwaist Company in 1911:

A)a strike resulted in the intervention of federal troops.
B)Frederick Taylor first applied his scientific management principles.
C)workers died as a result of a fire.
D)the labor force was found to be made up entirely of children.
E)Samuel Gompers first developed his idea for what became the Hepburn Act.

Question 33

During the coal strike:

A)President Theodore Roosevelt won support for his use of the "big stick" against big business.
B)thousands of striking miners marched on Washington,starting a riot that lasted three days.
C)President Theodore Roosevelt threatened to use the army to force strikers back to work.
D)arbitrators awarded the miners all their demands.
E)more than 800 miners and their families died in the Rockies.

Question 34

William Howard Taft:

A)was Roosevelt's choice as his successor.
B)was described by many journalists as "the ultimate politician."
C)found solid support from voters only in the South and Southwest.
D)was,in the Republican tradition,opposed to a lower tariff.
E)eventually was elected president as a member of the Progressive party.

Question 35

Who became chief justice of the Supreme Court after serving as president?

A)Theodore Roosevelt
B)Woodrow Wilson
C)William McKinley
D)William Howard Taft
E)Grover Cleveland

Question 36

During the presidential election of 1912,William Howard Taft:

A)was the Republican candidate.
B)campaigned for his Bull Moose program.
C)named George W.Norris as his vice-presidential running mate.
D)defeated Woodrow Wilson.
E)lost to Grover Cleveland.

Question 37

All of the following statements regarding the coal strike of 1902 are true EXCEPT:

A)the coal strike ended on October 23.
B)in 1902 Roosevelt threatened to take over coal mines in West Virginia and Pennsylvania.
C)UWA leaders called mine owners "wooden headed."
D)Roosevelt was too cozy with the coal industry.
E)The United Mine Workers (UMW)walked off the job in Pennsylvania and West Virginia.

Question 38

In the area of conservation,Theodore Roosevelt:

A)believed strongly that natural resources should be preserved but felt that this was a matter for state,not federal,action.
B)angered many conservationists by his appointment of Gifford Pinchot,a businessman with no experience in conservation,as head of the Division of Forestry.
C)used the Forest Reserve Act to protect over 170 million acres of forest.
D)vetoed a bill authorizing a National Conservation Commission.
E)angered western hunters by closing much of the western public lands.

Question 39

Gifford Pinchot,a close friend of Roosevelt's and the nation's first professional forester,was appointed head of the:

A)U.S.Division of Forestry.
B)State Department.
C)Department of the Treasury.
D)Department of the Navy.
E)Bureau of Reclamation.

Question 40

The title of the novel that described the terrible conditions of the meatpacking industry was:

A)Chicago.
B)The Great American Fraud.
C)The Jungle.
D)Maggie.
E)How the Other Half Lives.

Question 41

As president,Taft:

A)was able to unite a faction-ridden Republican party with his towering personality.
B)opposed both the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Amendments.
C)brought less than one-third the number of anti-trust suits prosecuted under Roosevelt.
D)opened more public lands in four years than Roosevelt had marked for conservation in nearly eight.
E)was the first divorcé to hold the office.

Question 42

Trace the events that led to the 1902 coal strike.What were the major issues,and what was the eventual outcome?

Question 43

Which of the progressive presidents was the most progressive? Which was the least progressive? Explain.

Question 44

Having been elected to a second term,Theodore Roosevelt set his sights on regulation and control of business.Trace his agenda in these endeavors.Was he successful?

Question 45

During the 1912 presidential campaign,who said,"There are so many people in the country who don't like me"?

A)Eugene V.Debs
B)Theodore Roosevelt
C)William H.Taft
D)Woodrow Wilson
E)Grover Cleveland

Question 46

A major factor in Woodrow Wilson's victory in the 1912 presidential campaign was the fact that:

A)many Republicans supported his nomination.
B)wealthy Democrats poured millions of dollars into his campaign.
C)the Republican party had split in two.
D)people liked Mrs.Wilson.
E)the United States was at war.

Question 47

Who were the muckrakers,and what impact did they have on American society?

Question 48

In what ways was the election of 1912 significant?

Question 49

"From its beginning to its end,the progressive movement was,more than anything else,paradoxical." What evidence could be used to support this statement?

Question 50

Of the four presidential candidates in 1912,the one most likely to advocate government ownership of big business was:

A)Eugene Debs.
B)Woodrow Wilson.
C)William Howard Taft.
D)Theodore Roosevelt.
E)William Jennings Bryan.

Question 51

The Adamson Act of 1916:

A)restricted child labor.
B)provided low-interest loans to farmers.
C)provided federal funds to build highways.
D)established the eight-hour day for railroad workers.
E)made the consumption of alcohol legal for soldiers.

Question 52

The issue that made Taft seem to be a less reliable custodian of Roosevelt's conservation policies was Taft's:

A)support for lower tariffs.
B)reduction in the size of the navy.
C)handling of the Ballinger and Pinchot affair.
D)support for the federal income tax.
E)firing of Wilson.

Question 53

The Seventeenth Amendment:

A)authorized the popular election of U.S.senators.
B)gave women the right to vote.
C)called for direct primaries.
D)authorized the federal income tax.
E)made the production and distribution of alcohol illegal.

Question 54

Discuss the issue of conservation and what President Theodore Roosevelt did to promote this important issue.

Question 55

The Underwood-Simmons Tariff:

A)raised the average tariff and hence was supported by Wilson.
B)lowered the average tariff and hence was opposed by Wilson.
C)raised the average tariff and hence was opposed by Wilson.
D)lowered the average tariff and hence was supported by Wilson.
E)kept tariffs the same as under Taft and Roosevelt.

Question 56

Describe the major themes of progressive reform.

Question 57

Describe the relationship between Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft.Show how the two men eventually found themselves running against each other for president.

Question 58

What changes did progressivism bring to America? How was America different in 1920 from what it had been in 1900 because of progressivism?

Question 59

Woodrow Wilson was:

A)a college president.
B)the leading Roman Catholic politician at the turn of the century.
C)the progressive governor of Oregon.
D)influenced mainly by Populist reform.
E)the first Californian to win the White House.

Question 60

As a result of the Brownsville Riot in 1906:

A)Roosevelt supported the African American soldiers.
B)Roosevelt discharged the entire regiment of African American soldiers.
C)Congress impeached Roosevelt.
D)Congress protested Roosevelt's actions.
E)The state of Texas discharged the entire African American regiment.

Question 61

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Louis D.Brandeis

A)was the original "efficiency expert"
B)was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1904
C)wrote The Jungle
D)was a Socialist party presidential candidate
E)was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912
F)influenced New Nationalism with The Promise of American Life
G)implemented the New Freedom program
H)drafted an anti-trust bill in 1914
I)was chief justice of the United States after being president
J)was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court

Question 62

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Alton B.Parker

A)was the original "efficiency expert"
B)was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1904
C)wrote The Jungle
D)was a Socialist party presidential candidate
E)was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912
F)influenced New Nationalism with The Promise of American Life
G)implemented the New Freedom program
H)drafted an anti-trust bill in 1914
I)was chief justice of the United States after being president
J)was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court

Question 63

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Upton Sinclair

A)was the original "efficiency expert"
B)was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1904
C)wrote The Jungle
D)was a Socialist party presidential candidate
E)was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912
F)influenced New Nationalism with The Promise of American Life
G)implemented the New Freedom program
H)drafted an anti-trust bill in 1914
I)was chief justice of the United States after being president
J)was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court

Question 64

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Henry Clayton

A)was the original "efficiency expert"
B)was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1904
C)wrote The Jungle
D)was a Socialist party presidential candidate
E)was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912
F)influenced New Nationalism with The Promise of American Life
G)implemented the New Freedom program
H)drafted an anti-trust bill in 1914
I)was chief justice of the United States after being president
J)was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court

Question 65

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Frederick W.Taylor

A)was the original "efficiency expert"
B)was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1904
C)wrote The Jungle
D)was a Socialist party presidential candidate
E)was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912
F)influenced New Nationalism with The Promise of American Life
G)implemented the New Freedom program
H)drafted an anti-trust bill in 1914
I)was chief justice of the United States after being president
J)was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court

Question 66

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Eugene V.Debs

A)was the original "efficiency expert"
B)was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1904
C)wrote The Jungle
D)was a Socialist party presidential candidate
E)was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912
F)influenced New Nationalism with The Promise of American Life
G)implemented the New Freedom program
H)drafted an anti-trust bill in 1914
I)was chief justice of the United States after being president
J)was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court

Question 67

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Herbert Croly

A)was the original "efficiency expert"
B)was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1904
C)wrote The Jungle
D)was a Socialist party presidential candidate
E)was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912
F)influenced New Nationalism with The Promise of American Life
G)implemented the New Freedom program
H)drafted an anti-trust bill in 1914
I)was chief justice of the United States after being president
J)was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court

Question 68

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
William H.Taft

A)was the original "efficiency expert"
B)was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1904
C)wrote The Jungle
D)was a Socialist party presidential candidate
E)was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912
F)influenced New Nationalism with The Promise of American Life
G)implemented the New Freedom program
H)drafted an anti-trust bill in 1914
I)was chief justice of the United States after being president
J)was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court

Question 69

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Woodrow Wilson

A)was the original "efficiency expert"
B)was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1904
C)wrote The Jungle
D)was a Socialist party presidential candidate
E)was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912
F)influenced New Nationalism with The Promise of American Life
G)implemented the New Freedom program
H)drafted an anti-trust bill in 1914
I)was chief justice of the United States after being president
J)was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court

Question 70

MATCHING
Match each person with one of the descriptions below.
Theodore Roosevelt

A)was the original "efficiency expert"
B)was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1904
C)wrote The Jungle
D)was a Socialist party presidential candidate
E)was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912
F)influenced New Nationalism with The Promise of American Life
G)implemented the New Freedom program
H)drafted an anti-trust bill in 1914
I)was chief justice of the United States after being president
J)was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court