Deck 33: Developmental Influences on Child Health Promotion

Question 1

A 13-year-old girl asks the nurse how much taller she will get.She has been growing about 5 cm per year,but grew 10 cm this past year.Menarche recently occurred.The nurse should base her response on knowing which of the following points?

A) Growth cannot be predicted.
B) The pubertal growth spurt lasts about 1 year.
C) Mature height is achieved when menarche occurs.
D) Approximately 95% of mature height is achieved when menarche occurs.

Answer 1

Approximately 95% of mature height is achieved when menarche occurs.

Question 2

Which statement is true about the basal metabolic rate (BMR)in children?

A) It is reduced by fever.
B) It is slightly higher in boys than it is in girls at all ages.
C) It increases with the age of the child.
D) It decreases as the proportion of surface area to body mass increases.

Answer 2

It is slightly higher in boys than it is in girls at all ages.

Question 3

The nurse is observing parents playing with their 10-month-old daughter.What should the nurse recognize as evidence that the child is developing object permanence?

A) The child looks for the toy parents hide under the blanket.
B) The child returns the blocks to the same spot on the table.
C) The child recognizes that a ball of clay is the same when flattened out.
D) The child bangs two cubes held in her hands.

Answer 3

The child looks for the toy parents hide under the blanket.

Question 4

A toddler playing with sand and water is engaging in what type of play?

A) Skill
B) Dramatic
C) Social-affective
D) Sense-pleasure

Question 5

How is a child's skeletal age best determined?

A) Assessment of dentition
B) Assessment of height over time
C) Facial bone development
D) Radiographs of the hand and wrist

Question 6

By the time children reach their 12th birthday,they should have learned to trust others and developed a sense of which of the following?

A) Identity
B) Industry
C) Integrity
D) Intimacy

Question 7

Which term refers to those times in an individual's life when he or she is more susceptible to positive or negative influences?

A) Sensitive period
B) Sequential period
C) Terminal points
D) Differentiation points

Question 8

How many centimetres per year do school-age children grow after they reach age 7?

A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 7

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic of the preoperational stage of cognitive development?

A) Thinking is logical.
B) Thinking is concrete.
C) Reasoning is inductive.
D) Generalizations can be made.

Question 10

The predominant characteristic of the intellectual development for children ages 2 to 7 years is egocentrism.What best describes this concept?

A) Selfishness
B) Self-centredness
C) A preference for playing alone
D) Inability to put oneself in another's place

Question 11

Trauma to which site can result in a growth problem for children's long bones?

A) Matrix
B) Connective tissue
C) Calcified cartilage
D) Epiphyseal cartilage plate

Question 12

A mother reports that her 6-year-old child is highly active and irritable.She has irregular habits and adapts slowly to new routines,people,or situations.According to Chess and Thomas,which temperament category best describes this child?

A) Easy child
B) Difficult child
C) Slow-to-warm-up child
D) Fast-to-warm-up child

Question 13

How does the onset of the pubertal growth spurt compare in girls and boys?

A) It occurs earlier in boys.
B) It occurs earlier in girls.
C) It is about the same in both boys and girls.
D) In both boys and girls it depends on their growth in infancy.

Question 14

Which behaviour is most characteristic of the concrete operations stage in cognitive development?

A) Progression from reflex activity to imitative behaviour
B) Inability to put oneself in another's place
C) Increasingly logical and coherent thought processes
D) Ability to think in abstract terms and draw logical conclusions

Question 15

By what age does birth length usually double?

A) 1 year
B) 2 years
C) 4 years
D) 6 years

Question 16

Which statement is true about lymphoid tissues such as lymph nodes?

A) They reach adult size by age 1 year.
B) They reach adult size by age 13.
C) They reach half their adult size by age 5.
D) They are twice their adult size by age 10 to 12.

Question 17

According to Kohlberg,children develop moral reasoning as they mature.What characteristic is most descriptive of the preschooler's stage of moral development?

A) Obeying the rules of correct behaviour is important.
B) Showing respect for authority is important behaviour.
C) Behaviour that pleases others is considered good.
D) Actions are determined good or bad in terms of their consequences.

Question 18

At what age do children tend to imitate the religious gestures and behaviours of others without understanding their significance?

A) Toddlerhood
B) Younger school-age period
C) Older school-age period
D) Adolescence

Question 19

What is the term for head-to-tail direction of growth?

A) Cephalocaudal
B) Proximodistal
C) Mass to specific
D) Sequential

Question 20

If an infant weighed 3 kg at birth,how much would he be expected to weigh at age 1 year?

A) 6
B) 9
C) 12
D) 15

Question 21

What should the elementary school nurse consider when discussing television and movie viewing with parents?

A) Children usually ignore advertisements on television.
B) Alcohol and tobacco use can be encouraged by television and movies.
C) Children become more physically active when watching television and movies.
D) No evidence exists that television and movies affect aggressive behaviour.

Question 22

What type of play involves children engaged in a similar or identical activity without organization,division of labour,or a mutual goal?

A) Solitary
B) Parallel
C) Associative
D) Cooperative

Question 23

What is the single most important influence on growth at all stages of development?

A) Nutrition
B) Heredity
C) Culture
D) Environment

Question 24

A parent tells the school nurse that her Grade 1 child watches television for about 4 hours per day.What should the nurse remember when discussing this issue with the parent?

A) The length of time watching TV is not important if the programs are educational.
B) The length of time watching TV is not important if child is doing well in school.
C) Parents should supervise the amount of TV and types of programs their children watch.
D) Most children watch this much TV without any negative effects.

Question 25

The nurse observes some children in the playroom.Which situation exhibits the characteristics of parallel play?

A) Kimberly and Amanda are sharing clay to each make things.
B) Brian is playing with his truck next to Kristina who is playing with her truck.
C) Adam is playing a board game with Kyle, Steven, and Erich.
D) Danielle is playing with a music box on her mother's lap.

Question 26

Three children playing a board game is an example of which of the following types of play?

A) Solitary
B) Parallel
C) Associative
D) Cooperative

Question 27

Which coping strategy is the least appropriate for a child to use?

A) Learn problem-solving.
B) Listen to music.
C) Have parents solve their problems.
D) Use relaxation techniques.

Question 28

Which statement is true about toy safety?

A) Adults should be the only ones who select toys.
B) Adults should be alert to notices of recalls by manufacturers.
C) Government agencies inspect all toys on the market.
D) Evaluation of toy safety is a joint effort between children and adults.

Question 29

When teaching parents about appropriate play activities,the nurse should inform them that play serves which one of the following functions?

A) Ethical reasoning
B) Physical development
C) Development of self-awareness
D) Temperament development

Question 30

Which function is a major component of play at all ages?

A) Creativity
B) Socialization
C) Intellectual development
D) Sensorimotor activity