Question 1

Which developmental disability is associated with problems with childhood growth failure?&#10;A)Prader-Willi syndrome&#10;B)Spina bifida&#10;C)Cerebral palsy&#10;D)Down syndrome

Accepted Answer

Lack of muscle coordination associated with CP can promote feeding problems while the child uses energy to support involuntary movements and muscle tension.Combined, these two factors could lead to inadequate nutrient intake and promote failure to thrive.Children with Prader-Willi syndrome, spina bifida, and Down syndrome tend to run the risk of developing obesity because of limited or, in the case of Down syndrome, delayed gross motor ability.

Question 2

Which of the following dietary interventions should be used in treating children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder?&#10;A)Eliminate table and added sugars from the child's diet.&#10;B)Serve meals at regular eating times and provide small servings.&#10;C)Prevent the child from consuming foods with caffeine.&#10;D)Provide large doses of vitamin supplements to the child.

Accepted Answer

Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have no additional nutrient needs or exclusions from otherwise healthy children.These children do run the risk of not getting enough to eat because of behaviors associated with the disorder.To promote adequate intake, parents should establish regular meal times and provide initial small portions in a distraction-free environment.Children with ADHD may eat a little and then walk away from the table, expecting to graze later.Some recommend removing the food and returning it only once after explaining to the child what behaviors are desired in relation to eating.Various dietary manipulations in the past have attempted to treat children with ADHD by eliminating sugars, eliminating artificial food colors, eliminating caffeine, and using megavitamin therapy.Research has not substantiated the effectiveness of any of these.

Question 3

Children with which developmental disorder are most likely to experience oral motor problems?&#10;A)Prader-Willi syndrome&#10;B)Spina bifida&#10;C)Autism&#10;D)Cerebral palsy

Accepted Answer

Because of the lack of coordination of muscle control, children with cerebral palsy are likely to experience oral motor problems in regard to feeding.Other children with developmental disabilities who experience oral motor feeding problems are those with Down syndrome and those with cleft palate.Infants with Prader-Willi syndrome may have weak sucking ability.Infants with spina bifida may have swallowing difficulties.In children with autism, feeding difficulties center around limited food selection and strong food dislikes.

Question 4

Which type of cerebral palsy is characterized by paralysis on one side of the body, in the legs, or in all four extremities?&#10;A)Ataxic cerebral palsy&#10;B)Athetoid dyskinetic cerebral palsy&#10;C)Dyskinetic cerebral palsy&#10;D)Spastic cerebral palsy

Accepted Answer

Spastic cerebral palsy (CP) is characterized by increased muscle tone and increased deep tendon reflexes that lead to hemiplegia, diplegia, or quadriplegia.Ataxic CP is characterized by abnormalities in voluntary movements and balance.People with dyskinetic CP experience uncontrolled and continuous involuntary movements in the body because of abnormal muscle tone.Athetoid dyskinetic CP is demonstrated in people with normal intelligence by difficulty in walking, sitting, or speaking clearly.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT one of the qualifications of developmental disabilities as established by law?&#10;A)Manifests before the age of 22 years&#10;B)Attributable to malnutrition that causes mental or physical impairment&#10;C)Results in substantial functional limitations in three or more areas of major life activity&#10;D)Expected to continue through life indefinitely

Accepted Answer

The Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act does not specify the etiology of mental and physical impairments.The impairments are what evidence the disability.Usually, developmental disabilities appear in infancy or childhood and continue to affect the person for a lifetime.Disabilities tend to promote functional limitations in various life activities such as self-care, receptive and expressive language, learning, mobility, self-direction, capacity for independent living, and economic self-sufficiency.

Question 6

Children with which of the following disorders are LEAST likely to have short stature?&#10;A)Down syndrome&#10;B)Cerebral palsy&#10;C)Autism&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

The height of children affected with autism spectrum disorders is comparable to that of children without developmental disorders.Down syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, spina bifida, and cerebral palsy all present with short stature in children.

Question 7

The most common developmental disability is&#10;A)autism.&#10;B)cerebral palsy.&#10;C)Down syndrome.&#10;D)intellectual disability

Accepted Answer

Intellectual disability is the most common development disability, and it is associated with significantly below average intelligence.Mental retardation can be associated with other development disabilities, including autism and Down syndrome.Cerebral palsy is a disorder of motor control or coordination resulting from injury to the brain during its early development.

Question 8

Which of the following developmental disorders results from a chromosomal aberration?&#10;A)Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder&#10;B)Cerebral palsy&#10;C)Autism&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

Prader-Willi syndrome is a genetic disorder in which the child either inherits chromosome 15 from the father with a deletion in the q arm region of the chromosome or receives both chromosome 15s from the mother.ADHD is known as a neurobehavioral disorder that does not have a genetic influence.Cerebral palsy and autism result from neurologic defects.

Question 9

The child that would have the lowest energy needs is a&#10;A)healthy child.&#10;B)child with mild cerebral palsy.&#10;C)child with spina bifida.&#10;D)child with Down syndrome.

Accepted Answer

Because spina bifida can result in weakness in the lower extremities, paralysis, and nonambulation, the decrease in physical activity associated with these may place the affected child at risk for developing obesity.Therefore, to maintain weight, children with spina bifida should receive only 9 to 11 kcal/cm height compared with healthy children who should consume 16 kcal/cm.Children with mild cerebral palsy also have some limitations in regard to their mobility; however, in most cases, involuntary movements or muscle tension contribute to energy needs.Children with mild CP should receive about 14 kcal/cm to prevent potential weight loss.Children with Down syndrome run the risk of developing obesity; however, because they tend to be of shorter stature than healthy children, their energy needs are comparable to maintain weight: 14.3 kcal/cm for girls and 161 kcal/cm for boys.

Question 10

By current methods, which developmental disorder is preventable?&#10;A)Down syndrome&#10;B)Spina bifida&#10;C)Autism&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome and Prader-Willi syndrome are both genetic disorders and the cause of autism has yet to be identified, but the neural tube defect associated with spina bifida can be prevented by adequate maternal intake of folic acid.

Question 11

Which class of feeding problems is associated with head control and trunk stability?&#10;A)Behavioral feeding problems&#10;B)Oral motor feeding problems&#10;C)Positioning feeding problems&#10;D)Self-feeding problems

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which class of feeding problems is associated...

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT required for a child with a disability to receive a modified or special diet at school?&#10;A)Payment of additional cost for the special diet&#10;B)Identification of the medical condition requiring modification of diet&#10;C)List of foods to be omitted from the child's diet&#10;D)List of food substitutions to use in the child's diet

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT required...

Question 13

An obturator is a&#10;A)feeding device.&#10;B)cover for a cleft palate.&#10;C)measuring device useful for children with scoliosis or contractures.&#10;D)surgical device used to restore and hold the spinal cord within the spinal column.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An obturator is a&#10;A)feeding device.&#10;B)cover for a...

Question 14

People with Down syndrome have a total of _____ chromosomes.&#10;A)21&#10;B)23&#10;C)46&#10;D)47

Accepted Answer

The answer of People with Down syndrome have a total...

Question 15

Which developmental disorder is characterized by the child having an insatiable appetite?&#10;A)Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder&#10;B)Spina bifida&#10;C)Down syndrome&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which developmental disorder is characterized by the...

Question 16

To make standard 20-calorie/oz formula, how much powdered formula needs to be mixed with every 2 oz of water?&#10;A)1 tsp&#10;B)1 Tbsp&#10;C)1 scoop&#10;D)2 scoops

Accepted Answer

The answer of To make standard 20-calorie/oz formula, how much...

Question 17

Children with _____ may be affected by Arnold Chiari malformation of the brain.&#10;A)autism&#10;B)spina bifida&#10;C)Down syndrome&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

The answer of Children with _____ may be affected by...

Question 18

Which developmental disorder is associated with Pierre Robin syndrome?&#10;A)Spina bifida&#10;B)Cleft palate&#10;C)Rett syndrome&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which developmental disorder is associated with Pierre...

Question 19

Antibodies to casein, gluten and soy have been noted in individuals with&#10;A)Prader-Willi syndrome.&#10;B)cerebral palsy.&#10;C)autism.&#10;D)fetal alcohol syndrome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Antibodies to casein, gluten and soy have...

Question 20

What disorder is associated with these three specific facial features: a smooth filtrum, small palpebral fissures, and a thin upper lip?&#10;A)Fetal alcohol syndrome&#10;B)Cerebral palsy&#10;C)Spina bifida&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

The answer of What disorder is associated with these three...

Deck 45: Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Developmental Disabilities