Question 1

In the patient's _____ history, you would you most likely find out about the patient's cultural views related to health care.&#10;A)medical&#10;B)social&#10;C)medication&#10;D)dietary

Accepted Answer

Aspects of culture, which include religious and cultural beliefs and practices, are identified while obtaining a patient's social history.Culture affects who a person turns to for health care and how a person feels about different types of health care.Culture is also an included aspect of the diet history, but this would be focused on dietary habits and preferences dictated by culture as opposed to health care.

Question 2

The Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) relies on what factors for the determination of nutritional risk in adults?&#10;A)Body mass index, eating habits, functional status&#10;B)Body mass index, blood albumin and cholesterol levels, clinical signs&#10;C)Body mass index, weight loss, acute disease effect on intake&#10;D)Body mass index, medical diagnosis, blood albumin level

Accepted Answer

The MUST screening tool determines a level of risk for patients based on the body mass index (BMI), recent unintentional weight loss, and an expectation of the disease affecting intake for 5 days or greater.Based on these factors, points are assigned to identify whether a patient is at low, medium, or high risk.The risk level indicates what type of care interventions are used with the patient.The Nutrition Screening Initiative uses BMI, eating habits, and functional status as part of its Level I screen.BMI, blood values for albumin and cholesterol, and identification of clinical signs of nutrient deficiency are included in the NSI's Level II screen.

Question 3

What is a limitation of using the 24-hour recall and the food frequency?&#10;A)The patient's level of literacy&#10;B)The time required to collect data&#10;C)The lack of tools for conducting these&#10;D)Reliance on the patient's memory

Accepted Answer

Both the food frequency and the 24-hour food recall depend on the patient's memory of past intake.This can be of particular difficulty when trying to evaluate the diet history of an elderly person or a child.To their benefit, both of these methods require little time or materials to administer, and they do not require the patient to write down and maintain his or her own record of intake.

Question 4

Malnutrition was uncovered as a major problem in U.S.hospitals in the 1970s, but this is no longer a problem.&#10;A)True&#10;B)False

Accepted Answer

Hospital malnutrition continues to exist.Studies done in academic hospitals showed an incidence of 25% to 50% of patients had some type of malnutrition, generalized wasting, or protein depletion; this is most detrimental in a lengthy hospital stay.

Question 5

The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) relies on ____________ .&#10;A)24-hour diet recall&#10;B)Reliable usual body weight&#10;C)The Lorentz formula for ideal body weight&#10;D)Having a NIA available

Accepted Answer

The GNRI relies on serum albumin and differences in current and previous body weight.With the GNRI, ideal body weight (calculated using the Lorentz formula) is used in place of usual weight because usual or normal weight is often difficult to assess in older population.

Question 6

The purpose of nutritional screening is to&#10;A)identify patients at nutritional risk.&#10;B)determine a patient's nutritional problem.&#10;C)categorize patients as high or moderate risk.&#10;D)assess the patient's nutritional status.

Accepted Answer

Nutrition screening is a quick means of identifying whether or not a person may be at risk for a nutritional problem.Usually, only a few well-selected parameters related to nutrition are evaluated to determine this risk.If screening does identify a potential risk, then a more complete nutrition assessment should be performed.The assessment will identify any specific nutrition problems the patient may have.Generally, screening is not used to classify degree of risk-either the patient is at nutritional risk or not.

Question 7

A nutrient intake analysis (NIA) or calorie count should be recorded for _____ hours.&#10;A)48&#10;B)72&#10;C)24&#10;D)36

Accepted Answer

With the availability of complete intake records, 72 hours is usually enough to reflect an individual's average intake.With incomplete records, the NIA may need to be extended beyond 72 hours.In a hospital setting, between the patient's health status and the foods and menus offered, intake will vary from meal to meal and from day to day.By tracking the intake across 3 days, the assessment can account for this variation.

Question 8

Which of the following was identified by a survey of clinical nutrition managers as being among the most common criteria used for nutrition screening?&#10;A)History of medical diseases&#10;B)Food allergies and intolerances&#10;C)Skin breakdown&#10;D)Chewing and swallowing status

Accepted Answer

The five most common criteria identified for use in nutrition screening were patient history of weight loss, current nutrition support, poor intake, long-term use of a modified diet, and skin breakdown.These factors help identify patients with the most critical need for nutrition assessment and intervention.As a patient undergoes a more complete nutrition assessment, medical history, food allergy and intolerance, and chewing and swallowing difficulties would certainly be evaluated.

Deck 4: Intake: Analysis of the Diet