Deck 6: Clinical: Inflammation, Physical and Functional Assessment

Question 1

The skinfold sites most useful for measurement of body fat are

A)at the biceps and triceps.
B)below the scapula and above the biceps.
C)at the triceps and below the scapula.
D)at the iliac crest and the upper thigh.

Answer 1

C
Measurements of the triceps and subscapular skinfolds are the most useful for evaluating body fatness because the most complete standards and methods of evaluation are available for these two sites.Skinfolds at the biceps, iliac crest, and upper thigh have also been used but have not been as thoroughly investigated as the triceps and scapula.

Question 2

Height assessment on children younger than 2 to 3 years of age should be performed

A)with the child recumbent.
B)using the arm span.
C)using a stationary meter.
D)using the sitting height.

Answer 2

A
For infants and children under 3 years of age, recumbent length should be determined by using a length board to measure the child from the crown of the head to the heels of the feet.Arm span is an indirect measure of height that may be used in adults who cannot stand or lie flat.For older children and adults capable of standing, a stationary meter or statiometer should be used.Sitting height may be used for children who are not capable of standing.

Question 3

Measurement of head circumference is useful as an indicator of

A)malnutrition in children younger than 3 years of age.
B)non-nutritional abnormalities in children younger than 3 years of age.
C)nutritional deficiencies in children older than 3 years of age.
D)non-nutritional abnormalities in adults.

Answer 3

B
Up to the age of 3 years, head circumference is a measure of child growth and brain growth.Any abnormalities or changes in the growth of head circumference can be monitored.However, these abnormalities are not necessarily specific to nutritional status.Undernutrition must be very severe to affect this growth.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a physical sign of overhydration?

A)Weight gain over 2 to 3 days
B)Peripheral edema
C)Decreased skin turgor
D)Ascites

Question 5

A 19-year-old man weighs 75 kg and is 1.78 m tall.His BMI would be interpreted as

A)underweight.
B)normal, healthy weight.
C)overweight.
D)one that needs to be plotted on a growth chart for interpretation.

Question 6

________ reorient(s) hepatic synthesis of plasma proteins and increase the breakdown of muscle

A)Hormones
B)Prealbumin
C)Cytokines
D)Oxidants

Question 7

It can be argued that a functional nutrition assessment will better identify why a patient is losing weight because:

A)it uses more advanced body composition techniques.
B)it includes assessment of gastrointestinal function.
C)tumor necrosis factor is used as a marker of weight loss.
D)it uses prealbumin rather than albumin for analysis.

Question 8

A patient who currently weighs 145 pounds weighed 180 pounds 3 months ago.How would his current weight be assessed?

A)The patient is underweight.
B)The patient has significant weight loss.
C)The patient has severe malnutrition.
D)The patient has severe weight loss.

Question 9

In patients with fluid retention, what happens to biochemical indicators of nutritional status, such as serum proteins and electrolytes?

A)They are increased because of increased urinary output.
B)They are decreased because of poor nutritional status.
C)They are increased because of hemoconcentration.
D)They are decreased because of hemodilution.

Question 10

What physical examination technique is being used when a doctor listens for bowel sounds?

A)Auscultation
B)Inspection
C)Palpation
D)Percussion

Question 11

Which of the following can be used for assessing bone mineral density as well as measuring fat and boneless lean tissue?

A)Bioelectrical impedance analysis
B)Magnetic resonance imaging
C)Computed tomography
D)Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry

Question 12

_______ is used to assess body composition using by measuring body density.

A)Total body potassium measurement
B)Air displacement plethysmogram
C)Bioelectrical impedance analysis
D)Neutron activation analysis

Question 13

A general estimate of desirable body weight for a woman who is 5'5" tall is.

A)140 pounds
B)125 pounds
C)110 pounds
D)115 pounds

Question 14

Mid-upper arm circumference (MAC) combined with triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) measurements provide information about

A)risk of obesity-related diseases.
B)measure of adiposity.
C)BMI.
D)arm muscle and arm fat area.

Question 15

During the assessment of nutritional status, which of the following is the most objective measure?

A)Obtaining a dietary history
B)Evaluating biochemical tests
C)Observing meal consumption
D)Evaluating height and weight based on reference standards

Question 16

Measurement of waist:hip ratio

A)has been implicated in the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
B)is particularly useful in a hospital setting.
C)can be directly correlated with serum albumin.
D)has been implicated in the risk of developing Crohn's disease.

Question 17

The Functional Nutritional Assessment includes assessment of tissue reserves of key nutrients.

A)True
B)False

Question 18

Arm muscle area is determined by using

A)weight and height measurements.
B)triceps skinfold and weight measurements.
C)triceps skinfold and mid-upper arm circumference measurements.
D)mid-upper arm circumference and weight measurements.

Question 19

An adult weighs 90 kg and is 1.83 m tall.This person's BMI would be classified as

A)underweight.
B)healthy weight.
C)overweight.
D)obese.