Question 1

Which developmental disorder is associated with Pierre Robin syndrome?&#10;A)Spina bifida&#10;B)Cleft palate&#10;C)Rett syndrome&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

Pierre Robin syndrome is a birth condition that involves the development of either a smaller-sized lower jaw or an upper jaw that is set back.As a result, the tongue tends to be displaced toward the back of the throat, where it can obstruct the airway.This occurs in infants with cleft palate.Spina bifida results in spinal lesions that affect many systems of the body but has no effect in regard to the development of the mouth.Rett syndrome is a neurologic disorder that involves a loss of motor skills and is characterized by a decrease in head growth between 5 to 48 months postpartum.Individuals with Pierre Robin syndrome present with short stature, small hands and feet, and obesity.

Question 2

What disorder is associated with these three specific facial features: a smooth filtrum, small palpebral fissures, and a thin upper lip?&#10;A)Fetal alcohol syndrome&#10;B)Cerebral palsy&#10;C)Spina bifida&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

The diagnosis of fetal alcohol syndrome requires the presence of the three identifiable facial features: a smooth filtrum, a thin upper lip, and small palpebral fissures.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT one of the qualifications of developmental disabilities as established by law?&#10;A)Manifests before the age of 22 years&#10;B)Attributable to malnutrition that causes mental or physical impairment&#10;C)Results in substantial functional limitations in three or more areas of major life activity&#10;D)Expected to continue through life indefinitely

Accepted Answer

The Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act does not specify the etiology of mental and physical impairments.The impairments are what evidence the disability.Usually, developmental disabilities appear in infancy or childhood and continue to affect the person for a lifetime.Disabilities tend to promote functional limitations in various life activities such as self-care, receptive and expressive language, learning, mobility, self-direction, capacity for independent living, and economic self-sufficiency.

Question 4

The most common developmental disability is&#10;A)autism.&#10;B)cerebral palsy.&#10;C)Down syndrome.&#10;D)intellectual disability.

Accepted Answer

Intellectual disability is the most common developmental disability, and it is associated with significantly below average intelligence.Mental retardation can be associated with other developmental disabilities, including autism and Down syndrome.Cerebral palsy is a disorder of motor control or coordination resulting from injury to the brain during its early development.

Question 5

Which class of feeding problems is associated with head control and trunk stability?&#10;A)Behavioral feeding problems&#10;B)Oral motor feeding problems&#10;C)Positioning feeding problems&#10;D)Self-feeding problems

Accepted Answer

Positioning of children for feeding is related to the child's motor development, head control, trunk stability, and the ability to have the hips and legs at a right angle.The infant or child has to be in a proper position to allow for feeding.Otherwise, correction of oral motor problems may not be possible.Children with spina bifida, Down syndrome, and cerebral palsy are likely to have positioning problems.

Question 6

The child that would have the lowest energy needs is a&#10;A)healthy child.&#10;B)child with mild cerebral palsy.&#10;C)child with spina bifida.&#10;D)child with Down syndrome.

Accepted Answer

Because spina bifida can result in weakness in the lower extremities, paralysis, and nonambulation, the decrease in physical activity associated with these may place the affected child at risk for developing obesity.Therefore, to maintain weight, children with spina bifida should receive only 9 to 11 kcal/cm height compared with healthy children who should consume 16 kcal/cm.Children with mild cerebral palsy also have some limitations in regard to their mobility; however, in most cases, involuntary movements or muscle tension contribute to energy needs.Children with mild CP should receive about 14 kcal/cm to prevent potential weight loss.Children with Down syndrome run the risk of developing obesity; however, because they tend to be of shorter stature than healthy children, their energy needs are comparable to maintain weight: 14.3 kcal/cm for girls and 16.1 kcal/cm for boys.

Question 7

Children with _____ may be affected by Arnold Chiari malformation of the brain.&#10;A)autism&#10;B)spina bifida&#10;C)Down syndrome&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

Arnold Chiari malformation of the brain is a structural disorder affecting the cerebellum that can affect swallowing and gagging.This occurs in many children with spina bifida.Children with autism have problems with eating behaviors as opposed to difficulties with swallowing.During infancy, children with Down syndrome have difficulty coordinating sucking, swallowing, and breathing.Infants with Prader-Willi syndrome also experience weak sucking ability.

Question 8

By current methods, which developmental disorder is preventable?&#10;A)Down syndrome&#10;B)Spina bifida&#10;C)Autism&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome and Prader-Willi syndrome are both genetic disorders and the cause of autism has yet to be identified, but the neural tube defect associated with spina bifida can be prevented by adequate maternal intake of folic acid.

Question 9

Which developmental disorder is characterized by the child having an insatiable appetite?&#10;A)Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder&#10;B)Spina bifida&#10;C)Down syndrome&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

One of the greatest nutritional risks in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) has to do with the child's appetite control.Children with PWS begin to gain excessive weight between the ages of 1 and 4 years because of an uncontrollable appetite.This, along with a low basal metabolic rate and decreased activity, makes the child with PWS susceptible to obesity.Children with ADHD treated with medications have to be monitored for potential anorexia.Children with spina bifida and Down syndrome also are susceptible to excessive weight gain because of lowered basal metabolism and limited activity.

Question 10

Which of the following developmental disorders results from a chromosomal aberration?&#10;A)Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder&#10;B)Cerebral palsy&#10;C)Autism&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

Prader-Willi syndrome is a genetic disorder in which the child either inherits chromosome 15 from the father with a deletion in the q arm region of the chromosome or receives both chromosome 15s from the mother.ADHD is known as a neurobehavioral disorder that does not have a genetic influence.Cerebral palsy and autism result from neurologic defects.

Question 11

Children with which developmental disorder are most likely to experience oral motor problems?&#10;A)Prader-Willi syndrome&#10;B)Spina bifida&#10;C)Autism&#10;D)Cerebral palsy

Accepted Answer

The answer of Children with which developmental disorder are most...

Question 12

Which type of cerebral palsy is characterized by paralysis on one side of the body, in the legs, or in all four extremities?&#10;A)Ataxic cerebral palsy&#10;B)Athetoid dyskinetic cerebral palsy&#10;C)Dyskinetic cerebral palsy&#10;D)Spastic cerebral palsy

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of cerebral palsy is characterized...

Question 13

Children with which of the following disorders are LEAST likely to have short stature?&#10;A)Down syndrome&#10;B)Cerebral palsy&#10;C)Autism&#10;D)Prader-Willi syndrome

Accepted Answer

The answer of Children with which of the following disorders...

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT required for a child with a disability to receive a modified or special diet at school?&#10;A)Payment of additional cost for the special diet&#10;B)Identification of the medical condition requiring modification of diet&#10;C)List of foods to be omitted from the child's diet&#10;D)List of food substitutions to use in the child's diet

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT required...

Question 15

To make standard 20-calorie/oz formula, how much powdered formula needs to be mixed with every 2 oz of water?&#10;A)1 tsp&#10;B)1 Tbsp&#10;C)1 scoop&#10;D)2 scoops

Accepted Answer

The answer of To make standard 20-calorie/oz formula, how much...

Question 16

Antibodies to casein, gluten, and soy have been noted in individuals with&#10;A)Prader-Willi syndrome.&#10;B)cerebral palsy.&#10;C)autism.&#10;D)fetal alcohol syndrome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Antibodies to casein, gluten, and soy have...

Question 17

Which developmental disability is associated with problems with childhood growth failure?&#10;A)Prader-Willi syndrome&#10;B)Spina bifida&#10;C)Cerebral palsy&#10;D)Down syndrome

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which developmental disability is associated with problems...

Question 18

People with Down syndrome have a total of _____ chromosomes.&#10;A)21&#10;B)23&#10;C)46&#10;D)47

Accepted Answer

The answer of People with Down syndrome have a total...

Question 19

Which of the following dietary interventions should be used in treating children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder?&#10;A)Eliminate table and added sugars from the child's diet.&#10;B)Serve meals at regular eating times and provide small servings.&#10;C)Prevent the child from consuming foods with caffeine.&#10;D)Provide large doses of vitamin supplements to the child.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following dietary interventions should...

Question 20

An obturator is a&#10;A)feeding device.&#10;B)cover for a cleft palate.&#10;C)measuring device useful for children with scoliosis or contractures.&#10;D)surgical device used to restore and hold the spinal cord within the spinal column.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An obturator is a&#10;A)feeding device.&#10;B)cover for a...

Deck 44: Medical Nutrition Therapy for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities