Deck 23: Oxygen Therapy

Question 1

The primary purpose of incentive spirometry is to reduce the incidence of:

A) Hemothorax
B) Flail chest
C) Atelectasis
D) Pneumothorax

Answer 1

Atelectasis

Question 2

The patient is on a ventilator that is set to deliver 12 breaths per minute.The patient's respiratory rate is 24 breaths per minute.The nurse is aware that the patient is being allowed to breathe spontaneously in an attempt to wean the patient from the ventilator.Which mode is most appropriate for this?

A) Control
B) Assist
C) Assist-control
D) SIMV

Answer 2

SIMV

Question 3

Both continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)and Bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP)modes of airway provide positive airway pressure to keep airways open.What is the main difference between these two modes?

A) CPAP maintains a positive airway pressure measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg)
B) CPAP uses two modes of pressure during inspiration and expiration
C) BiPAP uses two modes of pressure during inspiration and expiration
D) BiPAP does not deliver enough expiratory pressure to keep airways open

Answer 3

BiPAP uses two modes of pressure during inspiration and expiration

Question 4

A patient is instructed by a nurse to correctly perform incentive spirometry by:

A) Assuming a sitting position
B) Inhaling rapidly
C) Holding the breath for 15 seconds
D) Exhaling quickly

Question 5

Which of the following directly affects oxygenation? (Select all that apply.)

A) Hypoxia
B) Hemoglobin levels
C) Hypoxemia
D) Acid-base status

Question 6

A patient is admitted to the emergency department following a motor vehicle accident.The patient is unconscious and has a broken jaw and facial lacerations.The patient's breath sounds are diminished,and the doctor suspects atelectasis.The patient most likely is a candidate for:

A) CPAP
B) BiPAP
C) Noninvasive ventilation
D) None of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is an unexpected outcome of oxygen delivery via nasal cannula?

A) Decreased anxiety
B) Skin irritation or breakdown
C) A decreased respiratory rate
D) An increased level of consciousness

Question 8

Cyanosis caused by hypoxia is observed in which areas of the body? (Select all that apply.)

A) In the oral mucosa
B) In the conjunctiva of the eye
C) Around the lips
D) On the fingertips

Question 9

The patient has been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)and is on oxygen therapy at 2 L per nasal cannula.Why must the nurse monitor this patient's respiratory status during the night?

A) Small changes in carbon dioxide can affect ventilation
B) Carbon dioxide levels override oxygen levels in this type of patient
C) High levels of oxygen can extinguish the stimulus to breathe
D) Patients with COPD easily rid the body of carbon dioxide through the lungs

Question 10

What is the proper technique to use for administering oxygen to a patient with an artificial airway?

A) Applying sterile gloves
B) Leaving fluid in the tubing
C) Attaching the T tube to a humidified oxygen source
D) Monitoring the response to oxygen with hourly arterial blood gas levels

Question 11

Oxygen therapy should be viewed as a drug.Some of the side effects of oxygen therapy include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A) Atelectasis
B) Oxygen toxicity
C) Hypoxia
D) Carbon dioxide retention

Question 12

The patient is on a ventilator,and the ventilator delivers a preset number of breaths at a predetermined tidal volume.If the patient tries to breathe on his own,the ventilator then completes the breath at the predetermined tidal volume.What type of ventilator mode is this?

A) Control
B) Assist
C) Assist-control
D) SIMV

Question 13

The nurse is working on a pulmonary unit at the local hospital.What is one of the early signs of hypoxia for which the nurse must be alert?

A) Cyanosis
B) Anxiety
C) Decreased respiratory rate
D) Decreased blood pressure

Question 14

The patient is admitted with a diagnosis of COPD,and the physician orders the patient to be placed on continuous noninvasive ventilation (NIV).The nurse realizes that the patient should:

A) Keep the mask on his face as tightly as possible
B) Have arterial blood gas (ABGs) done at least every 6 hours
C) Have a mask without quick-release straps
D) Have increased blood pressure because of anxiety

Question 15

The nurse is caring for a patient on a mechanical ventilator.She suddenly hears the low-pressure alarm sound.What should the nurse do?

A) Suction the patient
B) Sedate the patient to prevent coughing
C) Change the position of the patient
D) Check the ventilator circuit

Question 16

For a patient with COPD who is a severe carbon dioxide retainer,a nurse anticipates the use of a:

A) Face tent
B) Face mask
C) Nasal cannula
D) Nonrebreathing mask

Question 17

How should the nurse determine if the patient on mechanical ventilation has an improperly placed airway and unilateral lung inflation?

A) Auscultate lung sounds
B) Monitor the blood pressure
C) Measure the respiratory rate
D) Check the settings for the ventilator alarm

Question 18

Assessment of the proper functioning of an oxygen device includes:

A) No mist in the face tent
B) The reservoir of the rebreathing mask collapsing on inhalation
C) A flow rate between 1 to 6 L/min for the nasal cannula
D) The nasal cannula positioned below the nares

Question 19

The patient is scheduled for abdominal surgery in the morning.The night before surgery,the nurse teaches the patient how to perform IS and has the patient do a return demonstration.Why does the nurse do this?

A) The patient needs to practice to get the IS balls to the top of the chamber quickly
B) A volume of one half to three quarters of baseline is an acceptable postoperative volume
C) The patient will need to get full expansion of the lungs after surgery to prevent pneumonia
D) Elevation of the IS balls in the spirometer chamber is essential in preventing atelectasis

Question 20

The patient is in respiratory distress but does not have COPD.The physician wants the patient to receive the highest possible concentration of oxygen.Which of the following would best meet this criterion?

A) Simple face mask
B) Plastic face mask with reservoir bag
C) Venturi mask
D) Face tent

Question 21

_______________ helps the patient in deep breathing following abdominal or thoracic surgery to help reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary atelectasis.

Question 22

The nurse is placing the patient on CPAP.To do so,she ensures which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A) The mask has quick-release straps
B) The CPAP settings are between 4 and 8 cm of water pressure
C) The CPAP settings are 8 for inspiration and 4 for expiration
D) The mask is as tight as possible

Question 23

The amount of air given to a patient (in milliliters per breath)by way of a ventilator is known as the ________________.

Question 24

Common oxygen delivery systems include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A) Nasal cannula
B) Face mask
C) Noninvasive ventilation
D) Mechanical ventilation
E) None of above

Question 25

The ________,also called a Briggs adaptor,connects an oxygen source to an artificial airway such as an endotracheal tube.

Question 26

A condition in which oxygen is insufficient to meet the metabolic demands of the tissues and cells is known as __________________.

Question 27

Controlled oxygen administration for patients with decreased tissue oxygenation is known as _________________.

Question 28

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV)may be used for selected patients such as those with which diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)

A) Pulmonary edema
B) Sleep apnea
C) Postpolio syndrome
D) Congestive heart failure
E) None of above

Question 29

________________ maintains positive airway pressure and improves alveolar ventilation without the need for an artificial airway.

Question 30

_______________ is a deficiency of arterial blood oxygen.

Question 31

In noninvasive ventilation,________________ keeps the terminal airways (alveoli)partially inflated,reducing the risk for atelectasis.

Question 32

_____________,a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes,is a late sign of hypoxia.

Question 33

An oxygen delivery device that allows the patient to breathe through the nose or mouth and is delivered at a flow rate from 1 to 6 L/min is known as a ____________.

Question 34

When the patient is connected to the ventilator,the nurse should: (Select all that apply.)

A) Listen to the patient's lungs
B) Note and mark the level of the endotracheal tube (ET) at the lips or nares
C) Set up suction equipment
D) Perform mouth care at least 4 times a day
E) None of above

Question 35

The patient is placed on a mechanical ventilator.After the initial settings have been applied,the nurse should watch for which of the following complications? (Select all that apply.)

A) Signs of decreased cardiac output
B) Tension pneumothorax
C) Pneumonia
D) Failure to wean

Question 36

A curved oxygen delivery device with an adjustable strap that fits around the patient's neck is known as a _______________.