Deck 15: Organizational Culture and Organizational Change

Question 1

Intranets that are rarely updated are very likely to influence the company's culture.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Research has supported the idea that pro-diversity cultures are related to lower turnover among Blacks,Whites,and Hispanics.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The collaborative conflict culture is active and disagreeable.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Different areas of an organization can have different cultures.

Question 5

Strong cultures are always better than weak cultures.

Question 6

Assumptions are highly resistant to change.

Question 7

Organizational culture is usually taken for granted by organizational members.

Question 8

Hospitals often have passive-aggressive conflict cultures due to the many layers of authority and strong bureaucracy.

Question 9

Technology can make a sharing culture possible.

Question 10

Perceiving that the organization values diversity is also related to reduced absenteeism among Black employees.

Question 11

Organizational cultures evolve and change very rapidly.

Question 12

A culture of inclusion helps leverage the potential benefits of diversity.

Question 13

If a company's top managers engage in illegal or unethical behavior,these are the enacted values and norms of the firm no matter what its formally stated ethics values are.

Question 14

Research has found that long-term financial performance is highest for organizations with an adaptive culture receptive to change and innovation.

Question 15

Southwest Airlines has a passive-aggressive conflict culture.

Question 16

Steelmaker Nucor Corporation lists every single employee's name on the front cover of its annual report as a symbolic gesture to build and reinforce its team culture.

Question 17

The effects of culture on a firm's effectiveness are even stronger when employees have positive attitudes.

Question 18

Outer layers of culture are harder to change than inner layers.

Question 19

Companies with weaker cultures have a harder time adapting to new circumstances.

Question 20

The avoidant conflict culture is passive and agreeable.

Question 21

One company can have multiple intranets.

Question 22

People are likely to resist changes that threaten to reduce their power or influence.

Question 23

Resistance to change can happen in the form of strikes or walkouts.

Question 24

Employee buy-in can be increased after seeing the successful results of a pilot program.

Question 25

Manipulation and coercion are likely to hurt employee motivation and trust.

Question 26

Treating people respectfully and fairly during the change process also decreases their resistance to it.

Question 27

Compared to traditional employees,it is easier for virtual employees to become familiar with an organization's culture.

Question 28

Employees should be evaluated on their adaptation to the new ways of doing things and to their performance in the new system.

Question 29

People with a high tolerance for ambiguity tend to interpret ambiguous situations as threatening.

Question 30

When top managers have a higher tolerance for ambiguity,organizational changes are less frequent.

Question 31

Manipulation and coercion never result in compliance.

Question 32

Employees should not participate in the diagnosis and planning phases of organizational change.

Question 33

According to Kurt Lewin,stability occurs when driving forces and restraining forces are roughly equal.

Question 34

Financial incentives have been found to be effective in prompting people to improve their health habits and reduce health insurance premiums.

Question 35

Convincing key people that change is needed helps to build urgency and momentum.

Question 36

Communication reduces subsequent employee efforts to derail the change effort,including sabotage.

Question 37

Transformative change is easier than incremental change.

Question 38

If employees lose faith in the change agents,the change effort is likely to fail.

Question 39

Aligning human resource policies and practices with the organization's new needs reinforces the permanence of the change.

Question 40

Negotiation is less common in unionized environments.

Question 41

What term refers to a system of shared values,norms,and assumptions that guide members' attitudes and behaviors?

A) organizational change
B) organizational structure
C) organizational culture
D) organizational goals

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT an artifact?

A) a dress code
B) office space allocation
C) an award
D) an organizational value

Question 43

In a learning organization,continual learning and change become part of the culture.

Question 44

What term refers to those organizational values that have become so taken for granted over time that they become the core of the company's culture?

A) espoused values and norms
B) enacted values and norms
C) assumptions
D) rules

Question 45

Without reflection,tasks may be completed,but learning does not occur.

Question 46

What term refers to the preferred values and norms explicitly stated by the organization?

A) enacted values and norms
B) assumptions
C) espoused values and norms
D) code of conduct

Question 47

Cultures are made up of which of the following?

A) formal and informal practices
B) artifacts
C) espoused values and norms
D) all of these

Question 48

What term refers to the physical manifestation of the culture including open offices,awards,ceremonies,and formal lists of values?

A) artifacts
B) norms
C) fossils
D) assumptions

Question 49

If a business strategy and corporate culture are pulling in two different directions,which will win?

A) the culture
B) the strategy
C) it depends on what the strategy is
D) it depends on what the culture is like

Question 50

Actively managing an organization's culture improves its competitive advantage and performance when the culture _________________.

A) supports the business strategy
B) is strong
C) enables innovation and change
D) all of these

Question 51

Organizational structure is to skeleton as organizational culture is to _____________.

A) personality
B) eyes
C) muscles
D) skin

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT true about strong cultures?

A) They clarify appropriate behavior.
B) They are widely shared.
C) They are internally inconsistent.
D) The can enhance organizational performance.

Question 53

High-quality relationships in which employees feel psychologically safe enables organizational members to engage in learning from failures.

Question 54

According to noted culture researcher Edgar Schein,what is the function of leadership?

A) keeping people motivated
B) managing culture
C) facilitating change
D) enforcing rules

Question 55

What is the foundation of culture?

A) money
B) trust
C) friendship
D) leadership

Question 56

Which of the following can help align espoused and enacted values and norms?

A) performance management
B) feedback
C) compensation systems
D) all of these

Question 57

Organization development helps organizations overcome barriers to change.

Question 58

An after action review normally takes up an entire work day.

Question 59

After action reviews are conducted only if a project failed.

Question 60

What term refers to values and norms that employees exhibit based on their observations of what actually goes on in the organization?

A) enacted values and norms
B) assumptions
C) espoused values and norms
D) code of conduct

Question 61

Molson Coors' new CEO Peter Swinburn says,"If you spend five years developing a brand,why shouldn't you spend five years developing a ___________?"

A) logo
B) business strategy
C) hierarchy
D) culture

Question 62

To influence culture,managers can nurture traditions and rituals that ___________ the culture.

A) express
B) define
C) reinforce
D) all of these

Question 63

Outdoor clothing company Patagonia is noted for which of the following?

A) focus on religious beliefs
B) poverty outreach
C) environmental awareness
D) all of these

Question 64

In a _____________ culture,the reaction to the arrival of the plant manager is: "We're proud to have our plant manager come onto the production floor to observe our ethical,high-performance,high-quality work behaviors.We work this way whether the manager is here or not."

A) strong positive
B) strong negative
C) weak positive
D) weak negative

Question 65

An organization's culture is reflected in which of the following?

A) how it gets work done
B) how employees interact with each other
C) both of these
D) neither of these

Question 66

What type of culture exists when employees have shared norms and values that are not consistent with what the organization wants or values?

A) a strong positive culture
B) a strong negative culture
C) a weak positive culture
D) a weak negative culture

Question 67

Because strong cultures create _____________ employee values and behaviors,they are __________ to change.

A) unstable and inconsistent, quick
B) stable and consistent, quick
C) unstable and inconsistent, slow
D) stable and consistent, slow

Question 68

Which of the following is NOT one of the four levels of culture?

A) profit
B) artifacts
C) espoused values
D) enacted values

Question 69

What company gave its 25,000 field-service engineers access to a knowledge-sharing system that they can consult during sales calls,leading to a nearly ten percent savings on parts and labor,worth $15 to $20 million per year?

A) Xerox
B) Siemens
C) Quicken Loans
D) Avon

Question 70

To influence culture,managers can develop a clear sense of mission and values about what the company should be and communicate it to employees through what they ____________.

A) pay attention to
B) measure
C) control
D) all of these

Question 71

Which of the following is an inner layer of organizational culture?

A) fundamental values
B) marketing strategies
C) customer service perceptions
D) none of these

Question 72

In a ______________ culture,the reaction to the arrival of the plan manager is: "Heads up! The plant manager is coming onto the production floor-look busy!"

A) strong positive
B) strong negative
C) weak positive
D) weak negative

Question 73

Which of the following formal practices influence(s)culture?

A) profit sharing
B) training programs
C) teleconferencing
D) all of these

Question 74

At Quicken Loans,CEO Bill Emerson believes that,"Great companies create a culture where everyone believes _______________..."

A) they are the best
B) we're all in this together
C) their job is the most important
D) recognition is necessary

Question 75

Which of the following Informal practices influence(s)culture?

A) "open door management"
B) employees helping each other
C) employees of different ranks eating lunch together
D) all of these

Question 76

What term refers to shared norms for managing conflict?

A) conflict resolution
B) conflict cultures
C) conflict rules
D) conflict patterns

Question 77

Dan Holtshouse,director of knowledge initiatives for Xerox,said "What we have learned is the importance of creating a work environment with a culture and incentives that are conducive to _________,and to support that environment with improved work processes and strong ___________."

A) sharing, technology
B) hierarchy, rules
C) competition, punishments
D) ambiguity, creativity

Question 78

Which of the following is an outer layer of organizational culture?

A) core ideologies
B) fundamental values
C) marketing strategies
D) none of these

Question 79

Which of the following was/were part of the Enron scandal?

A) emphasis on consistent earnings growth
B) absence of usual corporate checks and balances
C) a culture that pushed for individual performance
D) all of these

Question 80

A company's culture should _____________ its business strategy.

A) oppose
B) reinforce
C) not affect
D) undermine