Deck 10: Anatomy and Physiology of Muscle Tissue

Question 1

Which of the following word roots means around?

A)endo
B)peri
C)epi
D)myo

Answer 1

peri

Question 2

Which of the following connective tissue layers surrounds a fascicle?

A)perimysium
B)endomysium
C)epimysium
D)intermuscular septum

Answer 2

perimysium

Question 3

Usually,a skeletal muscle fascicle contains as many as how many fibers?

A)200
B)400
C)800
D)1200

Answer 3

200

Question 4

During contraction,skeletal muscle will:

A)always shorten toward its center
B)never shorten toward its center
C)attempt to shorten toward its center
D)create a pushing force on its attachments

Question 5

Which of the following word roots means within?

A)myo
B)epi
C)peri
D)endo

Question 6

Tendons and aponeuroses are characterized as being:

A)identical in tissue composition and shape
B)different in tissue composition and shape
C)identical in tissue composition but having different shapes
D)identical in shape but having different tissue compositions

Question 7

Characteristics of a skeletal muscle cell include that it is:

A)made up of muscle fibers
B)part of a muscle fiber
C)the same as a muscle fiber
D)completely different from a muscle fiber

Question 8

Which of the following terms is sometimes used to refer to a muscle?

A)aponeurosis
B)epimysium
C)myofascial unit
D)fasciculus

Question 9

How many major tissue types are contained within a skeletal muscle?

A)one
B)two
C)four
D)none

Question 10

A tendon is created by the continuation of which of the following?

A)endomysium and epithelium
B)perimysium and nervous tissue
C)epimysium,muscle tissue,collagen
D)endomysium,perimysium,epimysium

Question 11

Skeletal muscle tissue is characterized as being:

A)striated and involuntary
B)nonstriated and involuntary
C)striated and voluntary
D)nonstriated and voluntary

Question 12

Fibrous muscular fascia wraps around:

A)each individual muscle fiber
B)muscle fascicles
C)the entire muscle
D)All of these choices are correct.

Question 13

What are the three types of muscle tissue found in the body?

A)smooth,skeletal,and striated
B)skeletal,cardiac,and smooth
C)striated,nonstriated,and skeletal
D)visceral,nonvisceral,and skeletal

Question 14

Which of the following connective tissue layers surrounds an entire skeletal muscle?

A)intermuscular septum
B)perimysium
C)epimysium
D)endomysium

Question 15

Which of the following word roots means upon?

A)endo
B)epi
C)peri
D)fasc

Question 16

What two major tissue types make up the majority of a skeletal muscle?

A)skeletal and epithelium
B)connective and nervous
C)skeletal and nervous
D)connective and muscle

Question 17

When skeletal muscle contracts it attempts to shorten toward its:

A)proximal attachment
B)distal attachment
C)center
D)periphery

Question 18

Muscular fascia is primarily made up of:

A)elastin fibers
B)epithelial tissue
C)muscular tissue
D)collagen fibers

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of muscular fascia?

A)attaches muscle to bone
B)provides pathways for nerves and blood vessels
C)envelops groups of muscles
D)all of these

Question 20

The length of muscle fibers is characterized as:

A)ranging in length from 1/2 inch to 20 inches
B)never being longer than 1/2 inch
C)never being shorter than 5 inches
D)all having the same length

Question 21

What organelle provides energy for a muscle cell?

A)sarcolemma
B)sarcoplasmic reticulum
C)nucleus
D)mitochondrion

Question 22

The sliding filament mechanism is initiated by the release of:

A)sodium
B)potassium
C)calcium
D)magnesium

Question 23

Approximately how many sarcomeres are located per linear inch?

A)100
B)1000
C)10,000
D)100,000

Question 24

Glucose can be broken down for energy in which of the following pathways?

A)Kreb's cycle
B)glycolysis
C)citric acid cycle
D)all of these

Question 25

In the sliding filament mechanism,calcium:

A)reuptake occurs back into the mitochondria
B)is released into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
C)reuptake requires energy from ATP
D)binds onto myosin molecules

Question 26

Which of the following is the correct chronological order ATP is used in the sliding filament mechanism?

A)aerobic breakdown of glucose,anaerobic breakdown of glucose,breakdown of creatine phosphate,and stored ATP
B)stored ATP,breakdown of creatine phosphate,aerobic breakdown of glucose,and anaerobic breakdown of glucose
C)breakdown of creatine phosphate,stored ATP,anaerobic breakdown of glucose,and aerobic breakdown of glucose
D)stored ATP,breakdown of creatine phosphate,anaerobic breakdown of glucose,and aerobic breakdown of glucose

Question 27

Approximately how many myofibrils are found in a muscle fiber?

A)10
B)100
C)1000
D)10,000

Question 28

The region of the sarcolemma that receives the neurotransmitters is the:

A)transverse tubule
B)motor endplate
C)motor neuron
D)synaptic cleft

Question 29

Langer's lines describe the orientation of which of the following?

A)muscle fibers
B)muscles
C)superficial fascia
D)deep fascia

Question 30

The molecule that provides the energy for the sliding filament mechanism is:

A)ATP
B)STP
C)TAP
D)SFM

Question 31

Another name for actin filament binding sites is actin filament:

A)heads
B)cross-bridge sites
C)Z-line sites
D)active sites

Question 32

The sliding filament mechanism is so named because _____ slide along each other.

A)myofibrils
B)Z-lines
C)cross-bridges
D)actin and myosin

Question 33

Which of the following organelles is abundant in skeletal muscle cells?

A)mitochondria
B)nuclei
C)sarcoplasmic reticulum
D)Golgi apparatus

Question 34

Oxygen debt occurs resulting from the excessive production of ATP via what pathway?

A)anaerobic breakdown of glucose
B)aerobic breakdown of glucose
C)breakdown of creatine phosphate
D)Kreb's cycle

Question 35

During muscle contraction,cross-bridges form between what two structures?

A)sarcoplasmic reticulum and sarcomeres
B)actin filaments and myoglobin
C)actin and myosin filaments
D)adjacent Z-lines

Question 36

The term oxygen debt is used to describe the body's need for oxygen to convert:

A)glucose to ATP
B)ATP to glucose
C)lactic acid to ATP
D)lactic acid to glucose

Question 37

What is the basic functional unit of skeletal muscle tissue?

A)actin filament
B)sarcomere
C)myofibril
D)fascicle

Question 38

Which of the following happens during the sliding filament mechanism?

A)Myosin filament heads attach onto actin filament binding sites.
B)Myosin filament heads attach onto Z-lines.
C)Actin filament heads attach onto myosin filament binding sites.
D)Actin filament heads attach onto adjacent actin filaments.

Question 39

What structure is the boundary of a sarcomere?

A)Z-line
B)actin filament
C)sarcoplasmic reticulum
D)sarcolemma

Question 40

What is the meaning of the word root sarco?

A)flesh
B)fascia
C)between
D)on or upon

Question 41

What molecule can block the active sites of actin?

A)troponin
B)tropomyosin
C)myosin head
D)myosin tail

Question 42

Red muscle fibers are also known as what type of fibers?

A)fast-twitch
B)glycolytic
C)slow-twitch
D)easily fatigued

Question 43

What structure transmits the electrical message for contraction into the interior of the muscle cell?

A)motor endplate
B)sarcolemma
C)T-tubule
D)Z-line

Question 44

What are the two main parts of a myosin molecule?

A)troponin and tropomyosin
B)active sites and the head
C)head and tail
D)cross-bridge and head

Question 45

White muscle fibers are also known as what type of fibers?

A)oxidative
B)fast-twitch
C)type I
D)all of these

Question 46

Troponin and tropomyosin molecules are components of what structure?

A)actin molecule
B)actin filament
C)myosin filament
D)Z-line

Question 47

The neurotransmitter that directs a muscle fiber to contract is:

A)acetylcholine
B)serotonin
C)nicotinic acid
D)ATP

Question 48

Which type of muscle fiber is best suited for aerobic activity?

A)glycolytic
B)type II
C)red
D)fast-twitch

Question 49

Which of the following is characteristic of motor units?

A)Larger motor units have a greater number of motor neurons.
B)Larger motor units create more precise contractions.
C)Smaller motor units have fewer motor neurons.
D)Smaller motor units create more precise contractions.

Question 50

It is possible to have a partial contraction of a:

A)myofibril
B)muscle fiber
C)motor unit
D)muscle

Question 51

What does the H-band of a sarcomere contain?

A)only actin
B)only myosin
C)actin and myosin
D)Z-lines

Question 52

The all-or-none response law applies to which of the following?

A)myofibril
B)muscle fiber
C)motor unit
D)all of these

Question 53

When calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum,it attaches to what structure?

A)troponin
B)tropomyosin
C)myosin head
D)actin molecule

Question 54

How many motor neurons are located within a motor unit?

A)none
B)one
C)two
D)variable number

Question 55

A partial contraction of a muscle occurs when:

A)all motor units of the muscle are inhibited
B)no motor units of the muscle contract
C)some motor units of the muscle contract
D)some motor units of the muscle are inhibited

Question 56

What are the two main bands of a sarcomere?

A)A and I
B)A and H
C)Z and M
D)I and H

Question 57

Which of the following is characteristic of a motor unit?

A)All motor units contain the same number of muscle fibers.
B)It is possible to have a partial contraction of a motor unit.
C)A motor unit either contracts completely or not at all.
D)Motor units are innervated by sensory neurons.

Question 58

An A-band is defined by the presence of:

A)actin
B)Z-lines
C)myosin
D)myosin and actin

Question 59

How many muscle fibers are located within a motor unit?

A)1
B)10
C)100
D)variable number

Question 60

A motor unit is characterized as having _____ fibers located within it.

A)only red slow-twitch
B)only white fast-twitch
C)either all red slow-twitch fibers or all white fast-twitch
D)a mixture of red slow-twitch and white fast-twitch

Question 61

Which of the following word origins means bandage?

A)myo
B)fasc
C)glyco
D)sarco

Question 62

According to tensegrity,the structural integrity of the body comes from what type of force?

A)compression
B)gravity
C)tensile
D)pushing

Question 63

A reason why myofascial meridian theory is important is it helps explain:

A)patterns of strain and movement within the body
B)how forces at one site of the body have effects in distant sites
C)how the structural integrity of the body comes from tensile forces
D)all of these

Question 64

A traceable continuum within the body of muscles embedded within fascial webbing is what type of meridian?

A)shiatsu
B)neuromuscular
C)myofascial
D)tensegrity

Question 65

Which of the following word origins means muscle?

A)myo
B)mys
C)sarco
D)all of these

Question 66

Which of the following word origins means striped?

A)peri
B)cardiac
C)striated
D)fibrous

Question 67

Which of the following word origins means on?

A)epi
B)endo
C)peri
D)intra

Question 68

Who first coined the term tension integrity?

A)Ida Rolf
B)Tom Myers
C)Thomas Edison
D)R.Buckminster Fuller

Question 69

Which of the following word origins means sweet?

A)endo
B)sarco
C)glyco
D)fasc

Question 70

How many major myofascial meridians are in the body?

A)5
B)9
C)11
D)15

Question 71

Which of the following word origins means muscle?

A)sarco
B)cardiac
C)striated
D)fasc