Deck 9: Data Design

Question 1

A(n) ____ is a graphical model of an information system that depicts the logical relationships and interaction among system entities.

A)SQL
B)OCE
C)ODBC
D)ERD

Answer 1

D

Question 2

In an entity-relationship diagram, entities are represented as ____.

A)triangles
B)circles
C)rectangles
D)hexagons

Answer 2

C

Question 3

With a(n) ____ language, the user provides an example of the data requested.

A)SQL
B)IDE
C)QBE
D)interpolated

Answer 3

C

Question 4

JDBC enables ____ applications to exchange data with any database that uses SQL statements and is compliant with the standard.

A)HTML
B)Web
C)Perl
D)Java

Question 5

During the systems design phase, ____ fields are used to organize, access, and maintain data structures.

A)glossary
B)tabular
C)content
D)key

Question 6

Any field that is not a primary key or a candidate key is called a ____ key.

A)combination
B)nonkey
C)secondary
D)foreign

Question 7

When a primary key combines two or more fields, it is called a ____ key.

A)constructed
B)composite
C)collective
D)parallel

Question 8

The complete definition of a database, including descriptions of all fields, tables, and relationships, is called a(n) ____.

A)connective
B)schema
C)exchange
D)collective

Question 9

A data ____ language controls database operations, including storing, retrieving, updating, and deleting data.

A)manipulation
B)manufacturing
C)schema
D)dynamic

Question 10

____ means that a system can be expanded, modified, or downsized easily to meet the rapidly changing needs of a business enterprise.

A)Scalability
B)Compatibility
C)Cardinality
D)Functionality

Question 11

A(n) ____, which is used to access stored data, allows a user to specify a task without specifying how the task will be accomplished.

A)machine language
B)assembly language
C)query language
D)markup language

Question 12

____ is an industry-standard protocol that makes it possible for software from different vendors to interact and exchange data.

A)JDBC
B)JVC
C)ODBC
D)OEC

Question 13

To bridge the gap between a database and the Web and enable data to be viewed and updated, it is necessary to use ____, which is software that integrates different applications and allows them to exchange data.

A)middleware
B)hardware
C)shareware
D)freeware

Question 14

Many database programs generate ____, which is a language that allows client workstations to communicate with servers and mainframe computers.

A)DDE
B)DBL
C)DML
D)SQL

Question 15

In the accompanying figure, a ____ is a field in one table that must match a primary key value in another table in order to establish the relationship between the two tables.

A)secondary key
B)candidate key
C)combination key
D)foreign key

Question 16

In the accompanying figure, any field that could serve as a primary key is called a ____.

A)secondary key
B)candidate key
C)combination key
D)foreign key

Question 17

A(n) ____ is a collection of tools, features, and interfaces that enable users to add, update, manage, access, and analyze the contents of data.

A)RMS
B)DBMS
C)scale set
D)HCI

Question 18

One type of validity check, called ____ integrity, is a set of rules that avoids data inconsistency and quality problems.

A)candidate
B)combinatorial
C)referential
D)foreign

Question 19

In the accompanying figure, a ____ is a field or combination of fields that uniquely and minimally identifies a particular member of an entity.

A)primary key
B)common key
C)secondary key
D)combination key

Question 20

A data ____, which is a framework for organizing and storing data, consists of one or more files or tables.

A)structure
B)roster
C)index
D)integral

Question 21

Some abbreviation codes are called ____ codes because they use a specific combination of letters that are easy to remember.

A)harmonic
B)sequence
C)mnemonic
D)rhapsodic

Question 22

Compared with character-based formats, a ____ storage format offers a more efficient storage method.

A)decimal
B)unary
C)tertiary
D)binary

Question 23

____ codes combine data from different item attributes, or characteristics, to build the code.

A)Sequence
B)Category
C)Significant digit
D)Derivation

Question 24

An integer format uses ____ bits to represent the number 12,345 in binary form.

A)8
B)12
C)16
D)20

Question 25

____ describes how instances of one entity relate to instances of another entity.

A)Scalability
B)Compatibility
C)Cardinality
D)Functionality

Question 26

____ is a coding method used on most personal computers.

A)ASCII
B)EBCDIC
C)Unicode
D)ISO

Question 27

Binary digits have only ____ possible value(s).

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)five

Question 28

A ____ is a set of letters or numbers that represents a data item.

A)syntax
B)data dictionary
C)mnemonic
D)code

Question 29

____ codes use a keyword to encode a number.

A)Cipher
B)Identifier
C)Encryption
D)Associative

Question 30

____ is a coding method used on mainframe computers and high-capacity servers.

A)ASCII
B)EBCDIC
C)Unicode
D)ISO

Question 31

EBCDIC and ASCII both require ____ bits.

A)six
B)eight
C)ten
D)twelve

Question 32

____ is the process of creating table designs by assigning specific fields or attributes to each table in a database.

A)Encapsulation
B)Normalization
C)Standardization
D)Encryption

Question 33

Most date formats now are based on the model established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which requires a format of ____.

A)two digits for the year, two for the month, and two for the day (YYMMDD)
B)two digits for the year, four for the month, and two for the day (YYMMMMDD)
C)four digits for the year, two for the month, and two for the day (YYYYMMDD)
D)four digits for the year, two for the month, and four for the day (YYYYMMDDDD)

Question 34

A long integer format uses ____ bits to represent the number 1,234,567,890 in binary form.

A)12
B)24
C)30
D)32

Question 35

Unicode represents more than ____ unique, multilingual characters.

A)32,000
B)65,000
C)320,000
D)650,000

Question 36

In the event of a file catastrophe, ____ can be used to restore the file or database to its current state at the time of the last backup.

A)recovery procedures
B)crow's foot notation
C)audit log files
D)standard notation format

Question 37

In ASCII, the number 1,234,567,890 requires ____ bytes of storage.

A)eight
B)nine
C)ten
D)twelve

Question 38

____ codes are numbers or letters assigned in a specific order.

A)Sequence
B)Category
C)Significant digit
D)Derivation

Question 39

One common method of indicating ____ is called crow's foot notation because of the shapes, which include circles, bars, and symbols that indicate various possibilities.

A)scalability
B)compatibility
C)cardinality
D)functionality

Question 40

____ is the process of converting readable data into unreadable characters to prevent unauthorized access to the data.

A)Encapsulation
B)Normalization
C)Standardization
D)Encryption

Question 41

In a client/server system, processing is isolated in a single computer.

Question 42

A table design that does not contain repeating groups is called unnormalized. _________________________

Question 43

Which of the following is a problem found with 1NF (first normal form) design that does not exist in 2NF (second normal form)?

A)adding a new record creates difficulties
B)2NF tables always contain consistent data compared to 1NF tables
C)deleting a record creates difficulties
D)changing a particular entity's description is cumbersome and expensive

Question 44

Web-based data must be secure but in order to be so, it cannot be easily accessible to authorized users.

Question 45

To resolve potential database connectivity and access problems, companies use ODBC-compliant software that enables communication among various systems and DBMSs. _________________________

Question 46

Security concerns about Web-based data design can be addressed with software that can protect the system and detect intrusion, for example.

Question 47

Which of the following is the advantage of a DBMS (database management system)?

A)economy of scale
B)stronger standards
C)scalability
D)data dependence

Question 48

The three normal forms constitute a progression in which the first normal form represents the best design. _________________________

Question 49

A common field is an attribute that appears in only one entity.

Question 50

A ____ contains data about people, places, things, or events.

A)record
B)column
C)table
D)file

Question 51

Migrating a traditional database design to the Web rarely requires design modification or additional software.

Question 52

Middleware can interpret client requests in HTML form and translate the requests into commands that the database can execute. _________________________

Question 53

Web-based systems are popular because they offer ease of access, cost-effectiveness, and worldwide connectivity.

Question 54

Web-based data design requires users to have powerful workstations.

Question 55

JDBC is the language of the Web. _________________________

Question 56

In a Web-based database design, the Internet serves as the ____ for the database management system.

A)front end
B)back end
C)middleware
D)interface

Question 57

Web-based design is dependent on a specific combination of hardware and software.

Question 58

In a table or file, each column represents a record, which is an individual instance, or occurrence of an entity, and each row represents a field, or characteristic of the entity.

Question 59

Like a primary key, a foreign key must be unique.

Question 60

Which of the following is a data coding and storage scheme?

A)EBCDIC
B)binary
C)ASCII
D)primary

Question 61

A repeating group is a set of one or more fields that can occur only once in a single record, with each occurrence having the same value.

Question 62

A(n) ____________________, such as that shown in the accompanying figure, contains a set of related records that store data about a specific entity.

Question 63

Three main types of relationships that can exist between entities are a one-to-one relationship, abbreviated 1:1; a one-to-many relationship, abbreviated 1:M; and a many-to-many relationship, abbreviated M:N.

Question 64

A popular rule of thumb is that a design is in 3NF if every nonkey field depends on the key, the whole key, and nothing but the key.

Question 65

The ____________________ for DBMS design, which was introduced in the 1970s and continues to be the dominant approach for organizing, storing, and managing business data.

Question 66

In the table or file shown in the accompanying figure, a(n) ____________________ is a single characteristic or fact about an entity.

Question 67

A table design specifies the fields and identifies the primary key in a particular table or file.

Question 68

A table design is in third normal form (3NF) if it is in 2NF and if all nonkey fields are dependent on other nonkey fields.

Question 69

A table is in first normal form (1NF) if it contains a repeating group.

Question 70

A table design is in second normal form (2NF) if it is in 1NF and if all fields that are not part of the primary key are functionally independent on part of the primary key.

Question 71

Normal forms beyond 3NF exist, but they rarely are used in business-oriented systems.

Question 72

A primary key cannot be composed of more than one field.

Question 73

Field X is functionally dependent on field Y if the value of field X depends on the value of field Y.

Question 74

Typically, a DBMS is managed by a person called a(n) ____________________, who assesses overall requirements and maintains the database for the benefit of an entire organization rather than a single department or user.

Question 75

A data warehouse allows users to specify certain dimensions, or characteristics.

Question 76

To protect stored data, users can be asked to furnish a proper user ID and password to access a file or database.

Question 77

In an M:N relationship, the two entities are linked by an event or transaction called an associative entity, which has its own set of attributes and characteristics.

Question 78

The basic elements of logical storage are alphabetic or numeric characters, such as the letter A or the number 9.

Question 79

The inherent efficiency of high-volume processing on larger computers is called ____________________.

Question 80

Many three-character airport codes are cipher codes.