Deck 16: Intellectual Property Rights, Ethics, Health, Access, and the Environment

Question 1

Employees who reveal wrongdoing within an organization to the public or to authorities are referred to as whistle-blowers.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Requiring proof of age at delivery is required by law in some states for certain types of shipments.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Extensive mouse use has also been associated with CVS.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Braille printers print embossed output in Braille format on paper.

Question 5

Some human resources departments view college degrees from online diploma mills or other nonaccredited organizations as another form of digital manipulation.

Question 6

The ongoing battle to stay current with changing technology creates stress for many individuals.

Question 7

Pirated copies of movies are often created today by videotaping them with a camcorder during a prerelease screening or on the opening day of a movie.

Question 8

In general,according to recent reports by the Pew Internet & American Life Project,individuals with a lower level of income or a lower level of education are more likely to go online.

Question 9

The MPAA recently began pursuing civil litigation against movie pirates.

Question 10

DRM software is used to control the use of a work.

Question 11

To present someone else's work as your own is plagiarism,which is both a violation of patent law and an unethical act.

Question 12

Use a light touch on the keyboard to prevent backache.

Question 13

In some countries,bootleg copies of music CDs and movie DVDs are sold openly.

Question 14

Although registration is not required for copyright protection,it does offer an advantage if the need to prove ownership of a copyright ever arises,such as during a copyright-infringement lawsuit.

Question 15

The scandals,such as the ones surrounding executives at Enron,Tyco International,and WorldCom,involved lies,fraud,deception,and other illegal and unethical behavior.

Question 16

Ethics with respect to the use of computers are referred to as bit ethics.

Question 17

Efficiently managing your incoming e-mail is a way to avoid computer/Internet addiction.

Question 18

Research has shown that having an academic honor code does not effectively reduce cheating.

Question 19

Proper placement and adjustment of furniture are not determinant when evaluating a workspace from an ergonomic perspective.

Question 20

Currently,the most common form of computer/Internet addictive behavior is e-mailing.

Question 21

A ____ is a subtle alteration of digital content that is not noticeable when the work is viewed or played but that identifies the copyright holder.

A)digital patent
B)digital trademark
C)digital watermark
D)digital copyright

Question 22

Members of the movie industry hire special firms,such as BayTSP,that specialize in monitoring P2P networks,Web sites,and other Internet resources in order to identify their clients' copyrighted material that is being misused on the Internet.

Question 23

All computer users should refocus their eyes on an object in the distance for a minute or so,on a regular basis.

Question 24

-The keys on the keyboard shown in the accompanying figure contain Braille overlays.

Question 25

A(n)____ is a form of protection available to the creator of an original artistic or literary work,such as a book,movie,software program,musical composition,or painting.

A)trademark
B)copyright
C)patent
D)intellectual ownership right

Question 26

The three main types of intellectual property rights are copyrights,trademarks,and ____.

A)warranties
B)patents
C)wills
D)cyber rights

Question 27

Although some publications allow the use of "photo illustrations," others have strict rules about digital manipulation- especially for news photojournalists.

Question 28

People who refer to written documents while working on their PCs should use document holders to keep their documents close to their monitors.

Question 29

Corporate integrity,as it relates to accounting practices and proper disclosure,is a(n)personal ethics topic that has come to the forefront because of the many recent incidents involving corporate scandals and bankruptcies.

Question 30

Typohunting is registering a domain name that is similar to a trademark or domain name but that is slightly misspelled in hopes that individuals will accidentally arrive at the site when trying to type the URL of the legitimate site.

Question 31

The legal concept of limited use permits limited duplication and use of a portion of copyrighted material for certain purposes,such as criticism,commentary,news reporting,teaching,and research.

Question 32

The term e-computing refers to the use of computers in an environmentally friendly manner.

Question 33

Early signs of CTS include a feeling of emotional and physical exhaustion.

Question 34

Acquiring a domain by someone other than the holder of the trademark for the purpose of harming the trademark holder or selling the domain name at an inflated price is an act referred to as ____.

A)cyberinvasion
B)cyberintrusion
C)digital invasion
D)cybersquatting

Question 35

A(n)copyright is a word,phrase,symbol,or design (or a combination of words,phrases,symbols,or designs)that identifies and distinguishes one product or service from another.

Question 36

Both solar-powered and hand-powered chargers are available for use with portable computers,mobile phones,and other small portable devices.

Question 37

Keyboard supports lower the keyboard,enabling the user to keep his or her forearms parallel to the floor more easily.

Question 38

Digital Copy is a new option for taking your legally purchased movies with you on your computer or portable digital media player.

Question 39

For CTS,the most common symptoms are eyestrain or eye fatigue,dry eyes,burning eyes,light sensitivity,blurred vision,headaches,and pain in the shoulders,neck,or back.

Question 40

Copyrights apply to both published and unpublished works and remain in effect until ____.

A)10 years after the creation of the work
B)70 years after the creation of the work
C)10 years after the creator's death
D)70 years after the creator's death

Question 41

One of the advantages of Google's acquisition of Motorola Mobility is that it gives Google ownership of ____.

A)IBM
B)17,500 domain names
C)17,500 patents
D)Verizon

Question 42

____ is a specialized agency of the United Nations and attempts to resolve international commercial disputes about intellectual property between private parties.

A)WIPO
B)DRM
C)OLPC
D)USPTO

Question 43

An emotional health concern related to computer use is ____.

A)CTS
B)CVS
C)addiction to the Internet or another technology
D)sore or stiff neck

Question 44

Repetitive stress injuries and other injuries related to the workplace environment are estimated to account for ____ of all serious workplace injuries.

A)one-fifth
B)one-fourth
C)one-third
D)one-half

Question 45

In addition to being annoying and a waste of time,____ bog(s)down e-mail systems and clog users' Inboxes.

A)computer worms
B)Trojan horses
C)e-mail hoaxes
D)digital manipulation

Question 46

To prevent individuals from making unauthorized copies of feature films purchased on DVDs or downloaded via the Internet,many of these items contain copy protection or some other form of ____.

A)DRM
B)AACSB
C)patents
D)RSI

Question 47

The accompanying figure shows a ____.

A)document holder
B)trackball
C)keyboard drawer
D)mouse stand

Question 48

Adding to the problem of unethical ____ is the use of digital cameras today,which eliminate the photo negatives that could be used with film cameras to show what photographs actually looked like at the time they were taken.

A)cybersquatting
B)digital counterfeiting
C)identity theft
D)digital manipulation

Question 49

A teacher sharing a poem with a class,leading the class to believe the poem was his original work constitutes ____.

A)bad manners
B)plagiarism
C)trademark theft
D)patent infringement

Question 50

Antiglare screens are sometimes called ____.

A)privacy filters
B)eye protectors
C)monitor filters
D)protection goggles

Question 51

Heavy use of computers,combined with information overload and 24/7 accessibility via technology,can lead to ____-a state of fatigue or frustration brought about by overwork.

A)burnout
B)CTS
C)CVS
D)RSI

Question 52

To catch people who are sharing movies illegally on the Internet,the MPAA uses special software that monitors file sharing networks to find copyrighted movies and then identifies the responsible individual by using the ____ of the computer being used to share the movie.

A)IP address
B)broadcast flag
C)RAM
D)serial port

Question 53

While a keyboard,mouse,monitor,and printer can be connected to a portable computer directly,a ____ is a device designed to more easily connect a portable computer to peripheral devices.

A)notebook holder
B)laptop station
C)notebook stand
D)docking station

Question 54

A ____ is a policy,often for a school or business,that specifies allowable use of resources such as computers and other equipment.

A)code of security
B)code of conduct
C)privacy policy
D)piracy policy

Question 55

In reaction to scandals,Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002,which includes provisions to require ____ to personally vouch for the truth and fairness of their company's disclosures.

A)CEOs and CIOs
B)CEOs and CFOs
C)SOAs and DRMs
D)CCVs and DRMs

Question 56

In addition to being a copyright concern,____ can be used to misquote individuals,repeat comments out of context,retouch photographs-even create false or misleading photographs.

A)digital counterfeiting
B)identity theft
C)plagiarism
D)digital manipulation

Question 57

Ethical decisions need to be made whenever a business practice or product is legal or socially acceptable in one country,but not another.One example is ____.

A)copyright law
B)religion
C)vaporware
D)corporate missions

Question 58

A ____ protects inventions by granting exclusive rights of an invention to its inventor for a period of 20 years.

A)trademark
B)watermark
C)patent
D)copyright

Question 59

A condition known as ____ has been linked to the repetitive finger movements made when using a keyboard.

A)ergonomics
B)carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
C)burnout
D)computer hand syndrome (CHS)

Question 60

To prevent sore or stiff neck,____.

A)use a footrest,if needed,to keep your feet flat on the floor
B)cover windows or adjust lighting to eliminate glare
C)rest and gently stretch your fingers and arms every 15 minutes or so
D)place the monitor directly in front of you

Question 61

Case 16-1
Jack is a computer programmer who spends most of the day at his desk.Recently,he visited the doctor to get advice about persistent eyestrain and an aching back.
To combat his backache,Jack's doctor advised him to ____.

A)use a footrest
B)use a lower screen resolution
C)turn down the volume when using headphones
D)use a light touch on the keyboard

Question 62

Case 16-2
Jill is starting a fast food delivery company.She has designed a logo and plans to print flyers to advertise her services.
Jill plans on publishing a book based on her experiences in order to help young entrepreneurs.To help protect her publishing rights,she should register a ____.

A)patent
B)trademark
C)copyright
D)digital watermark

Question 63

In 1992,the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)introduced ____ as a voluntary labeling program designed to identify and promote energy-efficient products to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

A)ENERGY STAR
B)Eco-Label
C)VeriChip
D)Quality Flower

Question 64

With more than 78% of its population online,____ is the leading world region in Internet users.

A)Middle East
B)Europe
C)Africa
D)North America

Question 65

The term _________________________ refers to standards of moral conduct.

Question 66

_________________________ are the legal rights to which the creators of intellectual property-original creative works-are entitled.

Question 67

Case 16-2
Jill is starting a fast food delivery company.She has designed a logo and plans to print flyers to advertise her services.
Jill has poor eyesight.When proofreading her book,she can use a ____ that will read aloud whatever she has typed.

A)screen reader
B)Braille keyboard
C)head mouse
D)switch

Question 68

____ is increasingly being tied to crime and even death in some countries.

A)Internet addiction
B)CAD
C)CVS
D)OLPC

Question 69

____ is a policy where manufacturers are responsible for the entire lifecycle of their products and packaging,including recycling.

A)Green Grid Alliance
B)Energy Star Alliance
C)Paperless Library
D)Extended producer responsibility

Question 70

Case 16-1
Jack is a computer programmer who spends most of the day at his desk.Recently,he visited the doctor to get advice about persistent eyestrain and an aching back.
To combat his eyestrain,Jack's doctor advised him to ____.

A)use a footrest
B)use a lower screen resolution
C)turn down the volume when using headphones
D)use a light touch on the keyboard

Question 71

____ is an example of assistive output devices.

A)One-handed keyboard
B)Head-pointing system with puff switch
C)Voice input system
D)Screen reader software

Question 72

If the current _________________________ holder has a legitimate reason for using that name and does not appear to be a cybersquatter,WIPO may allow the holder to continue to use that domain name.

Question 73

The growth in assistive technology is due in part to demands by disabled individuals and disability organizations for equal access to computers and Web content,as well as the ____ (ADA).

A)American Data Act
B)Assistive Data Act
C)American Democracy Act
D)Americans with Disabilities Act

Question 74

The U.S.Anticybersquatting Act makes ____ cybersquatting illegal.

A)IP address
B)domain name
C)URL
D)Web site name

Question 75

A trademark used to identify a service is also called a(n)_________________________.

Question 76

The goal of ____ is to ensure that every child in the world between the ages of 6 and 12 has immediate access to a personal laptop computer by 2015,in order to provide them with access to new channels of learning,sharing,and self-expression.

A)OX
B)Simputer
C)OLPC
D)InternetWorld

Question 77

Expired toner cartridges and ink cartridges can sometimes be returned to the manufacturer or exchanged when ordering new cartridges;the cartridges are then ____ and resold.

A)reprogrammed
B)refurbished
C)recharged
D)recycled

Question 78

Case 16-2
Jill is starting a fast food delivery company.She has designed a logo and plans to print flyers to advertise her services.
In order to prevent others from stealing her logo,Jill should get a ____.

A)patent
B)trademark
C)copyright
D)digital watermark

Question 79

The term ____ refers to the gap between those who have access to information and communications technology and those who do not.

A)digital have not
B)digital divide
C)Internet divide
D)bit divide

Question 80

The 1976 _________________________ extended copyright protection to nonpublished works,so,immediately after creating a work in some type of material form,the creator automatically owns the copyright of that work.