Deck 35: Treatment of Bacterial Infection

Question 1

Microbial resistance is the ability of bacteria to overcome the effects of an antibiotic.

Answer 1

True
Microbial resistance is the ability of bacteria to overcome the effects of an antibiotic.

Question 2

An empirical method of differentiating bacterial species based on the chemical and physical properties of their cell walls is _____.

A)gram staining
B)culture testing
C)Western blot test
D)a and b

Answer 2

A
TECH NOTE: Gram staining (or Gram's method)is an empirical method of differentiating bacterial species into two large groups (gram-positive and gram-negative)based on the chemical and physical properties of their cell walls.

Question 3

Nonparenteral uses for aminoglycosides include _____.

A)skin infection
B)eye and ear infections
C)reduce bacteria in colon prior to colorectal surgery
D)all of the above

Answer 3

D
Aminogylcosides are not absorbed systemically when administered by mouth.The only aminoglycoside that is administered orally is used to reduce the bacteria in the bowel prior to colorectal surgery.Other nonparenteral use occurs when they are administered topically for skin and eye and ear infections.

Question 4

Cephalosporins are formulated for all of the following routes of administration except _____.

A)oral
B)topical
C)intramuscular
D)intravenous

Question 5

All of the following drugs are agents that act to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis except _____.

A)aminoglycosides
B)nitroimidazoles
C)tetracyclines
D)oxazolidinones

Question 6

Multidrug resistance is only a problem in the hospital setting.

Question 7

Aminoglycosides antibiotics are effective for treating all of the following except _____.

A)aerobic gram-negative bacilli
B)staphylococci
C)streptococci
D)mycobacterium

Question 8

How are antiinfective agents classified?

A)bactericidal
B)bacteresitant
C)bacteriostatic
D)a and c

Question 9

Which of the following is a third-generation cephalosporin?

A)ceftazidime
B)cefaclor
C)cefuroxime
D)cephalexin

Question 10

Infectious disease is no longer a leading cause of morbidity or mortality throughout the world.

Question 11

_____ factors not important for the effective treatment of bacterial infections.

A)Host
B)Social
C)Bacterial
D)Drug

Question 12

Fluoroquinolones' mechanism of action is to _____.

A)inhibit the enzyme DNA gyrase
B)bind to the enzyme kinase
C)inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis
D)a and c

Question 13

Fluoroquinolones are not formulated for which route of administration?

A)oral
B)parenteral
C)topical
D)ophthalmic

Question 14

What is the most serious adverse reaction linked to aminoglycoside use?

A)hearing loss (ototoxicity)
B)kidney damage (nephrotoxicity)
C)liver toxicity (hepatotoxicity)
D)a and b

Question 15

Vancomycin is the only glycopeptide antibiotic available in the United States and Canada.

Question 16

First-generation cephalosporins are most effective against what type of bacteria?

A)gram-positive,aerobic bacteria
B)gram-negative,aerobic bacteria
C)gram-positive,anaerobic bacteria
D)gram-negative,anaerobic bacteria

Question 17

ß-Lactam antibiotics target the bacterial cell wall.Which of the following drugs is not a ß-lactam antibiotic?

A)penicillins
B)cephalosporins
C)erythromycins
D)carbapenems

Question 18

The drug rifampin works by what mechanism of action?

A)inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis
B)inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
C)inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis
D)inhibits bacterial cell wall function

Question 19

Antibiotics are naturally substances produced by one organism that is capable of destroying or inhibiting the growth of bacteria.

Question 20

Which of the following drugs is not a ß-lactamase inhibitor?

A)clavulanic acid
B)sulbactam
C)Azactam
D)tazobactam

Question 21

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their classifications.
a.sulfonamide
b.miscellaneous
c.ketolide
d.tetracycline
e.fluoroquinolone
f.penicillin
g.macrolide
azithromycin

Question 22

Which of the following drugs is used for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB)?

A)isoniazid
B)metronidazole
C)tetracycline
D)ciprofloxacin

Question 23

Sulfonamides are used in conjunction with _____ to treat various upper respiratory,urinary tract,and skin infections and AIDS-related pneumonia (Pneumocystis carinii).

A)vancomycin
B)Retrovir
C)trimethoprim
D)penicillin

Question 24

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their classifications.
a.sulfonamide
b.miscellaneous
c.ketolide
d.tetracycline
e.fluoroquinolone
f.penicillin
g.macrolide
telithromycin

Question 25

A patient in the process of cleaning out her medicine cabinet found some an old prescription vial of tetracycline antibiotic that expired 3 months earlier.She calls the pharmacy and asks it the medication is still good to use even though expired.What advice should she be given?

A)Outdated tetracycline becomes toxic;discard it.
B)Call your physician to find out what to do.
C)The drug's still good for 6 months after the expiration date.
D)b and c

Question 26

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their classifications.
a.sulfonamide
b.miscellaneous
c.ketolide
d.tetracycline
e.fluoroquinolone
f.penicillin
g.macrolide
clindamycin

Question 27

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their classifications.
a.sulfonamide
b.miscellaneous
c.ketolide
d.tetracycline
e.fluoroquinolone
f.penicillin
g.macrolide
dicloxacillin

Question 28

Your 2-year-old child breaks out with impetigo.What antiinfective will the physician prescribe?

A)cefuroxime
B)mupirocin
C)gentamycin
D)minocycline

Question 29

A patient has just been prescribed penicillin.What advice should the pharmacist give the patient?

A)no problem with GI side effects
B)no allergies to worry about
C)may decrease the effect of oral contraceptives
D)hunger increases during the treatment

Question 30

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their classifications.
a.sulfonamide
b.miscellaneous
c.ketolide
d.tetracycline
e.fluoroquinolone
f.penicillin
g.macrolide
sulfisoxizole

Question 31

Macrolide antiinfectives are primarily used for the treatment of _____.

A)upper respiratory infections
B)lower respiratory infections
C)a and b
D)bronchial infections

Question 32

Which one of the following is not a property of tetracyclines?

A)broad spectrum
B)narrow spectrum
C)inhibit protein synthesis
D)bacteriostatic

Question 33

What is the difference between a penicillin and a carbapenem?

A)the ß-lactam ring
B)the sulfur-containing ring-like structure
C)the fusion with a penem ring
D)they are not inactivated by penicillinase

Question 34

Which of the following is a new antiinfective agent that is indicated for the treatment of gram-positive bacterial pneumonia and skin structure infections?

A)Telithromycin
B)Linezolid
C)Zosyn
D)Merrem

Question 35

Chloramphenicol should not be used in children because it _____.

A)is very toxic
B)may produce gray baby syndrome
C)causes cyanosis
D)all of the above

Question 36

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their classifications.
a.sulfonamide
b.miscellaneous
c.ketolide
d.tetracycline
e.fluoroquinolone
f.penicillin
g.macrolide
doxycycline

Question 37

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their classifications.
a.sulfonamide
b.miscellaneous
c.ketolide
d.tetracycline
e.fluoroquinolone
f.penicillin
g.macrolide
levofloxacin