Deck 4: Civil Liberties

Question 1

Which U.S.Supreme Court case found that a woman's right to have an abortion is protected by the implied constitutional right to privacy?

A) Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey
B) Lawrence v. Texas
C) Miranda v. Arizona
D) Roe v. Wade

Answer 1

D

Question 2

In 2004,the Supreme Court ruled that detainees have a right to which of the following?

A) the assistance of counsel
B) equal protection
C) habeas corpus
D) a bill of attainder

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The Fourth Amendment of the Constitution protects against unreasonable __________.

A) litigation
B) limits on free speech
C) searches
D) prior restraint

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Selective incorporation makes the protections in the Bill of Rights applicable to the states through which of the following amendments?

A) Fourth
B) Fifth
C) Tenth
D) Fourteenth

Question 5

Profanity,obscenity,and threats may constitute which of the following?

A) content neutrality
B) prior restraints
C) fighting words
D) censorship

Question 6

Which of the constitutional amendments was the first to be incorporated and applied to the states?

A) Fourth
B) Fifth
C) First
D) Second

Question 7

The doctrine of prior restraint says that the government cannot prevent speech or publication __________.

A) that is critical of the government
B) that is illegal
C) after the fact
D) before the fact

Question 8

Which rule bars the use of illegally seized evidence at trial?

A) double jeopardy
B) right to pay
C) prior restraint
D) exclusionary

Question 9

In Roth v.U.S.,the U.S.Supreme Court held that material must be utterly without social importance in order to be considered __________.

A) pornographic
B) obscene
C) hate speech
D) libel

Question 10

A defamatory,false written statement is __________; the same statement spoken aloud is __________.

A) perjury; slander
B) slander; libel
C) illegal; legal
D) libel; slander

Question 11

Which amendment protects the right to bear arms?

A) Second
B) Third
C) Fourth
D) Fifth

Question 12

What did Abington School District v.Schempp find to be unconstitutional?

A) state-mandated Bible reading
B) forced sterilization
C) discrimination against homosexuals
D) imprisonment without a trial

Question 13

Today,the United States is the only western country to use which of the following to punish crime?

A) victim impact statements
B) juries
C) recidivism
D) the death penalty

Question 14

What does the Sixth Amendment guarantee to those accused of a crime?

A) assistance of counsel
B) the right to parole
C) reasonable bail
D) a written indictment

Question 15

The Bill of Rights is made up of the first __________ amendments to the U.S.Constitution.

A) three
B) five
C) seven
D) ten

Question 16

Which clause prevents the national government from sanctioning an official religion?

A) establishment
B) free exercise
C) full faith and credit
D) equal protection

Question 17

__________ make an act punishable as a crime even if the act was legal when it was committed.These are prohibited by Article I of the Constitution.

A) Writs of habeas corpus
B) Bills of attainder
C) Ex post facto laws
D) Prior restraints

Question 18

Which of the following generally is unconstitutional in school?

A) hate speech
B) learning about religion
C) free speech
D) mandatory prayer

Question 19

The free exercise clause guarantees that the national government will not interfere with which of the following?

A) education
B) religion
C) business
D) speech

Question 20

According to Justice Blackmun,a woman has an absolute right to __________.

A) an abortion during her first trimester
B) home and hearth
C) work without fear of discrimination
D) an abortion at any time during her pregnancy

Question 21

In which case did the Supreme Court first recognize the exclusionary rule,which bars the use of illegally seized evidence at trial?

A) Weeks v. U.S.
B) Gideon v. Wainwright
C) Furman v. Georgia
D) Griswold v. Connecticut

Question 22

New York Times Co.v.Sullivan held that there must be proof of which of the following in order to find libel against a public figure?

A) property loss
B) actual malice
C) an audience
D) a written record

Question 23

In Near v.Minnesota,the Supreme Court further developed which of the following?

A) exclusionary rule
B) due process clause
C) incorporation doctrine
D) free exercise clause

Question 24

The Sixth Amendment sets out basic requirements for which type of due process?

A) civil
B) substantive
C) criminal
D) procedural

Question 25

In 2014,what did the Supreme Court decide about the use of prayers to open government meetings?

A) Such meetings can start with a prayer that does not favor one particular faith.
B) Such meetings can start with a prayer as long as it is led by a lay person.
C) Such meetings can start with a prayer even if it clearly favors one faith.
D) Such meetings cannot start with a prayer.

Question 26

The USA PATRIOT Act allows the government to collect __________.

A) documents sent via the mail
B) blood and saliva samples
C) the addressing information of citizens' communications
D) audio recordings of all private residences that receive public utilities

Question 27

The Supreme Court briefly outlawed which of the following in the 1970s by asserting that it was being imposed in an arbitrary manner?

A) capital punishment
B) the exclusionary rule
C) access to court-appointed counsel
D) symbolic speech protection

Question 28

The double jeopardy clause prevents an individual who is acquitted of a crime from which of the following?

A) seeking the assistance of an attorney
B) being tried again for the same crime
C) going free
D) asserting innocence

Question 29

The "right to remain silent" is a citizen's protection against which of the following?

A) governmental intrusion
B) search and seizure
C) self-incrimination
D) a biased jury

Question 30

The Supreme Court has ruled that states can limit abortions if the regulations do not pose which of the following?

A) a bar to equal protection b substantial inconvenience
C) a prior restraint
D) an undue burden

Question 31

Which Supreme Court case is most closely associated with the exclusionary rule?

A) Parker v. Gideon
B) New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
C) Mapp v. Ohio
D) Wolf v. Colorado

Question 32

Which of the following is an example of procedural due process?

A) the right to bear arms
B) the right to a speedy trial
C) the right to free speech
D) the right to practice religion

Question 33

The USA PATRIOT Act enhances the government's ability to do which of the following?

A) examine private records
B) take personal property
C) imprison citizens without trial
D) indict foreign enemies

Question 34

Which test examines the constitutionality of religious establishment issues?

A) Orange
B) Lemon
C) Free Exercise
D) Prior Restraint

Question 35

The Supreme Court has used selective incorporation to __________ the authority of states.

A) protect
B) limit
C) expand
D) define

Question 36

Miranda rights require that the police inform suspects of which of the following rights?

A) a phone call
B) due process
C) a jury trial
D) counsel

Question 37

If a police officer has a reasonable belief that someone is committing or about to commit a crime,that officer can stop the suspect __________.

A) only if that person gives consent
B) only if the officer plans to arrest that person
C) without getting a warrant
D) only if there are three witnesses

Question 38

What type of due process protects citizens from arbitrary or unjust state or federal laws?

A) procedural
B) constitutional
C) substantive
D) prospective

Question 39

Which Supreme Court case upheld the National Firearms Act,which imposed taxes on some kinds of weapons?

A) U.S. v. Miller
B) Gideon v. Wainwright
C) Miranda v. Arizona
D) Mapp v. Ohio

Question 40

What kind of speech is by its very utterance intended to inflict injury or incite an immediate breach of peace?

A) hate speech
B) symbolic speech
C) obscenity
D) fighting words

Question 41

Writs of habeas corpus are laws declaring an act illegal without a judicial trial.

Question 42

Which of the following rights has the Supreme Court found to be one of the penumbras of unstated liberties linked to explicitly stated rights?

A) right to marry
B) right to travel
C) right to vote
D) right to privacy

Question 43

Convicted criminals cannot have their sentences increased when a new law calls for tougher penalties due to a prohibition against __________.

A) habeas corpus
B) ex post facto laws
C) bills of attainder
D) writs of certiorari

Question 44

The Supreme Court has interpreted the Fourteenth Amendment as ensuring that many of the protections in the Bill of Rights apply to the states.

Question 45

Which of the following is responsible for determining whether enough evidence exists to go to trial?

A) trial court
B) defense attorney
C) prosecutor
D) grand jury

Question 46

The Military Commission Act of 2006 was ruled unconstitutional because it violated detainees' rights to __________.

A) an appeal
B) habeas corpus
C) bills of attainder
D) motions for summary judgment

Question 47

In Barron v.Baltimore,the Supreme Court held that the Bill of Rights limits __________,not __________,activity.

A) federal; state
B) state; federal
C) commercial; noncommercial
D) noncommercial; commercial

Question 48

Slander is any false written statement that defames the character of a person.

Question 49

Which of the following best explains the rationale for the selective incorporation of freedom of assembly?

A) It is included in the Bill of Rights.
B) The framers intended for the state and federal governments to respect this right.
C) It is a fundamental freedom essential to order, liberty, and justice.
D) It is one of the implicit rights reserved to the people by the Tenth Amendment.

Question 50

During World War I,the Supreme Court upheld the Espionage Act by ruling that Congress has a right to restrict speech that __________.

A) is critical of the government
B) creates a clear and present danger
C) qualifies as hate speech
D) is symbolic

Question 51

In Gitlow v.New York,the Supreme Court decided that __________.

A) hate speech is not a constitutionally protected form of speech
B) symbolic speech is not afforded the same protection as verbal speech
C) states must comply with the Constitution's free speech guarantee
D) obscenity is determined by applying traditional, national standards

Question 52

Which of the following created the right to privacy?

A) the judiciary
B) the bureaucracy
C) the president
D) the legislature

Question 53

Substantive due process means that states have a legal burden to prove that their laws __________.

A) are a valid exercise of power
B) improve the general well-being
C) do not inhibit or advance a particular religion
D) are consistent with behavioral norms

Question 54

The constitutionally guaranteed right to bear arms was included because of colonists' distrust of standing armies.

Question 55

What is the likely effect of the Supreme Court's ruling in Burwell v.Hobby Lobby Stores?

A) The government will be able to read emails sent to foreign IP addresses.
B) It will be more difficult for women to access contraception.
C) Prisoners of war will no longer be detained at Guantanamo Bay.
D) Students will no longer be able to defer student loan payments while in graduate school.

Question 56

The Alien and Sedition Acts likely violated the Constitution's prohibitions against __________.

A) undemocratic speech
B) prior restraint
C) seditious speech
D) hate speech

Question 57

The U.S.Supreme Court first interpreted the Constitution to include a right to privacy in the 1960s.

Question 58

While enemy combatants have a reduced right to habeas corpus,they have the same right to a jury trial as other accused criminals.

Question 59

Inciting a fight by using threats and profanity could be considered __________,which is not a protected type of speech.

A) hate speech
B) fighting words
C) obscenity
D) libel

Question 60

Which of the following would most likely be considered obscene under the Roth test?

A) child pornography
B) nude images
C) pornography
D) profane language

Question 61

In the 1970s,the Supreme Court suspended __________ because it was being imposed arbitrarily.After states made their laws and practices less arbitrary,it was later reinstated.

Question 62

A knowingly false article accusing Barack Obama of being a drug addict in order to defame his character is an example of __________.

Question 63

The Supreme Court has interpreted the __________ Amendment to protect an individual's right to own a firearm for self-defense.

Question 64

Yelling "Fire!" in a crowded theater is a classic example of speech that creates a __________.

Question 65

__________ may involve profanity,obscenity,and threats.

Question 66

An early effort to define __________ focused on whether the material had any serious literary,artistic,political,or scientific value.

Question 67

In Abington School District v.Schempp,the Court ruled that state-sponsored Bible readings were constitutional under the free exercise clause as long as students could opt out.

Question 68

The exclusionary rule prohibits police from using illegally seized evidence at trial.

Question 69

One part of the __________ test asks whether the law has a legitimate secular purpose.

Question 70

__________ rights include the right to remain silent.

Question 71

The __________ Amendment ensures the right of a criminal defendant to confront witnesses at trial.

Question 72

Burning the American flag as a political protest is constitutionally protected symbolic speech.

Question 73

Prior to ratification of the U.S.Constitution,state constitutions provided little protection for personal liberties.

Question 74

Prior restraint is a constitutional doctrine that prevents the government from prohibiting __________ before the fact.

Question 75

The Roberts Court has vehemently enforced the rights identified in Miranda v.Arizona.

Question 76

The Supreme Court struck down anti-sodomy laws because they infringed on citizens' __________ rights.

Question 77

Most developed countries use some form of the death penalty.

Question 78

Planned Parenthood v.Casey held that a state could limit abortions as long as the regulation did not pose an undue burden on pregnant women.

Question 79

The free exercise clause states that the government will not interfere with the practice of religion.

Question 80

After Gideon v.Wainwright,the Sixth Amendment has been interpreted to guarantee a right to counsel to criminal defendants regardless of the accused's ability to pay.