Question 1

The nursing student correctly explains health promotion teaching points for parents of toddlers when she makes which statement?&#10;A)&#34;Setting consistent,firm limits will help the child cope with the frustration of learning self-control.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;Slower development of motor skills prevents the child from participating in self-care activities.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;Toddlers have a natural sense of right and wrong and know when they do something wrong.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;Temper tantrums should never be tolerated,and toddlers need to do what they are told.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Patience,support,and firm,consistent limits allow toddlers to develop socially acceptable behaviours and to cope with the frustration of learning self-control.Rapid development of motor skills allows the child to participate in self-care activities such as feeding,dressing,and toileting.Because children's moral development is closely associated with their cognitive abilities,the moral development of toddlers is only beginning.Toddlers do not understand concepts of right and wrong.Temper tantrums result when restrictions frustrate toddlers.Parents need to provide toddlers with graded independence,allowing them to do things that do not result in harm to themselves or others.

Question 2

The nursing instructor will need to provide further instruction to the student who uses which of these statements when describing the differences between cognitive and psychosocial development in children?

A)"The preschooler develops the ability to play in small groups."
B)"The toddler may participate in parallel play."
C)"The school-aged child still requires total assistance in all activities for safety."
D)"The toddler period is a time of potential frustration manifested by temper tantrums."

"The school-aged child still requires total assistance in all activities for safety."

Accepted Answer

The care provider should promote independence within safe limits for the school-aged child.The school-aged child,according to Erikson,is in the industry versus inferiority stage of development.School-aged children like to perform tasks by themselves when possible,and they need to be praised for those tasks.Children continue to engage in solitary play during toddlerhood but also begin to participate in parallel play,which is playing beside rather than with another child.The toddler's strong will is frequently exhibited in negative behaviour when caregivers attempt to direct his actions.Temper tantrums result when restrictions frustrate toddlers.

Question 3

After comparing appropriate play activities for infants and preschool children,the nurse should offer which of the following activities to an infant?&#10;A)Set of cards to organize and separate into groups.&#10;B)Set of plastic stacking rings.&#10;C)Paperback book.&#10;D)Set of sock puppets with movable eyes.

Accepted Answer

Play becomes manipulative as the child learns control of the hands.Adults facilitate infant learning by planning activities that promote the development of milestones and by providing toys that are safe for the infant to explore with the mouth and manipulate with the hands,such as rattles,wooden blocks,plastic stacking rings,squeezable stuffed animals,and busy boxes.Preschoolers demonstrate their ability to think more complexly by classifying objects according to size or colour,and so the cards are more appropriate for them.Neither group is ready for paperback books.The sock puppet with movable eyes could create a choking hazard if one of the eyes comes off.

Question 4

Which of these manifestations,if identified in a school-aged child during a routine assessment,should a nurse associate with a possible developmental delay or problem?&#10;A)Withdrawn demeanour and verbalizing that he has no friends.&#10;B)Absence of secondary sex characteristics.&#10;C)Lack of peer relationships.&#10;D)Curiosity about his or her sexuality.

Accepted Answer

School-aged children should begin to develop friendships and to socialize with others.Interaction with peers allows them to define their own accomplishments in relation to others as they work to develop a positive self-image.The absence of secondary sex characteristics is a major concern of adolescents,not school-aged children,because physical evidence of maturity encourages the development of masculine and feminine behaviours in the adolescent.Lack of peer relationships is also a concern of adolescents,not of school-aged children,because adolescents seek a group identity to fulfill their esteem and acceptance needs.Today many researchers believe that school-aged children have a great deal of curiosity about their sexuality.Some experiment,but this play is usually transitory.

Question 5

Which of the following is characteristic of the cognitive changes in a preschooler?&#10;A)The ability to think in a logical manner about the here and now.&#10;B)The ability to think abstractly and deal effectively with hypothetical problems.&#10;C)The inability to assume the view of another person and to use symbols to represent others.&#10;D)The ability to classify objects by size or colour.

Accepted Answer

Preschoolers demonstrate their ability to think more complexly by classifying objects according to size or colour.Cognitive changes that provide the ability to think in a logical manner about the here and now and to understand the relationships between things and ideas occur during the school-age years.It is during the teenage years when the individual thinks abstractly and deals effectively with hypothetical problems.The preschooler is unable to assume the view of another person.

Question 6

A patient in her second trimester of pregnancy comes to the prenatal clinic for a checkup.What is most important for the nurse to assess in caring for a woman at this stage of pregnancy?&#10;A)Detection of fetal movement.&#10;B)Observation that the uterus is below the symphysis pubis.&#10;C)Confirmation of the desire to breastfeed or bottle-feed.&#10;D)Determination of the presence of morning sickness.

Accepted Answer

During the second trimester,between 16 and 20 weeks' gestation,the prospective mother begins to feel fetal movement.During the second trimester,the uterus should be above the level of the symphysis pubis.Confirmation of the desire to breastfeed or bottle-feed is more likely to take place during the third trimester.Morning sickness is most likely to occur during the first trimester.

Question 7

To promote parent-child attachment with a healthy newborn,what should the nurse do?&#10;A)Encourage close physical contact as soon as possible after the child's birth.&#10;B)Do not allow the newborn to remain with parents until the second hour after delivery.&#10;C)Never leave the newborn alone with the mother during the first 8 hours after delivery.&#10;D)Isolate the newborn in the nursery during the first hour after delivery.

Accepted Answer

After immediate physical evaluation and application of identification bracelets,the nurse promotes the parents' and newborn's need for close physical contact.Early parent-child interaction encourages parent-child attachment.Most healthy newborns are awake and alert for the first half-hour after birth.This is a good time for parent-child interaction to begin.No evidence in the question stem suggests that the baby cannot be left alone with the parents during the first 8 hours or that the baby should remain in the nursery during the first hour.

Question 8

The nurse is observing his 2-year-old hospitalized patient in the playroom.What is the nurse most likely to observe the child doing?&#10;A)Participating as the leader of a small group activity.&#10;B)Sitting beside another child while playing with blocks.&#10;C)Separating building blocks into groups by size and colour.&#10;D)Seeking out same sex children to play with.

Accepted Answer

The child beside another child and playing is exhibiting parallel play,characteristic of a toddler.Participating as a group leader does not usually occur until approximately age 5.Preschoolers (ages 3 to 5)demonstrate their ability to think more complexly by classifying objects according to size or colour.Two-year-old children do not have this ability yet.The play of preschool children becomes more social after the third birthday as it shifts from parallel to associative play.However,gender does not become a factor until the child reaches school age,when he or she prefers same-sex peers to opposite-sex peers.

Question 9

The nurse knows that the mother of a newborn understands associated health risks to her baby when she makes which statement?&#10;A)&#34;I need to moisten the umbilical cord every hour during the day until the cord falls off.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;I need to remind anyone who wants to hold the baby to wash hands.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;I need to leave the blankets off the baby to prevent smothering.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;I can throw away the bulb syringe now because my baby is breathing on her own.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Prevention of infection is a major concern in the care of the newborn.Good hand hygiene technique is the most important factor in protecting the newborn from infection.The umbilical stump should be kept clean and dry.Newborns are susceptible to heat loss and cold stress.The nurse should place the newborn directly on the mother's abdomen and cover him or her in warm blankets,making sure to keep the infant's head well covered,or place the infant unclothed in an infant warmer with a temperature probe in place.Removal of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal secretions remains a priority of care to keep the airway patent.

Question 10

The nurse who is teaching a parent about developmental needs of the infant knows that the parent understands an infant's developmental needs when he or she states which of the following?&#10;A)&#34;My child is too young to understand words.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;My child will begin to speak in sentences by 1 year of age.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;My child will probably enjoy playing peek-a-boo.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;While my child is in the hospital,I should let the nurses provide most of the care.&#34;

Accepted Answer

By 9 months of age,infants play simple social games such as patty-cake and peek-a-boo.By 1 year of age,not only do infants recognize their own names but many are able to say three to five words and understand almost 100 words.Extended separations from parents complicate the attachment process and increase the number of caregivers with whom they must interact.Ideally,the parents provide most of the care during hospitalizations.

Question 11

Immediate intervention is needed when the newborn exhibits which of the following?&#10;A)A soft,protuberant abdomen.&#10;B)Moulding.&#10;C)Lack of reflexes.&#10;D)Cyanotic hands and feet.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Immediate intervention is needed when the newborn...

Question 12

Which statement by the nurse best explains the importance of play during the toddler stage of development?&#10;A)&#34;Exploration can suppress the toddler's curiosity to promote safety.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;Parental control during play will eliminate the frustration of learning self-control.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;Play can enhance cognitive and psychosocial development.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;Play will enhance the toddler's ability to explore the environment safely without supervision.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement by the nurse best explains...

Question 13

During infant/child development,play is best recognized as which of the following?&#10;A)A means to interact with the environment and relate to others.&#10;B)Independent of cognitive and social development.&#10;C)Nonexploratory and simply play.&#10;D)Too soon to achieve milestones.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During infant/child development,play is best recognized as...

Question 14

Encouraging children to play a game of kickball would be best suited for which age group?&#10;A)Infant.&#10;B)Toddler.&#10;C)Preschool.&#10;D)School-aged.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Encouraging children to play a game of...

Question 15

Normal physical findings in a healthy newborn include which of the following?&#10;A)Sporadic motor movements.&#10;B)Cyanosis of the feet and hands for the first 48 hours.&#10;C)Triangle-shaped anterior fontanel.&#10;D)Weight of 4800g.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Normal physical findings in a healthy newborn...

Question 16

What is the priority assessment immediately after an infant's birth?&#10;A)Assess infant-parent interactions.&#10;B)Promote parent-newborn physical contact.&#10;C)Open the infant's airway.&#10;D)Assess gestational age.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the priority assessment immediately after...

Question 17

A 5-year-old boy is admitted for surgery to have his tonsils removed.On the basis of knowledge about children of this age,what would the nurse would plan to do?&#10;A)Allow the child to take responsibility for his own preoperative hygienic care.&#10;B)Leave the child alone to relax before the procedure.&#10;C)Allow the child to handle and look at the equipment when the nurse takes his blood pressure.&#10;D)Provide magazines and puzzles for diversion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 5-year-old boy is admitted for surgery...

Question 18

A mother expresses concern because her 5-year-old child frequently talks about friends who don't exist.What is the nurse's best response to this mother's concern?&#10;A)&#34;Have you considered a child psychological evaluation?&#34;&#10;B)&#34;It's very normal for a 5-year-old child to have imaginary playmates.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;You should stop your child from playing electronic games.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;Pretend play is a sign your child watches too much television.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mother expresses concern because her 5-year-old...

Question 19

During hospitalization,what should the nurse encourage the parents of an 8-month-old infant to do?&#10;A)Provide as much care as possible.&#10;B)Not worry about attachments because the infant is too young to develop them.&#10;C)Remember that infants cannot differentiate a stranger from a familiar person.&#10;D)Relax and allow nursing staff to care for the child at all times.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During hospitalization,what should the nurse encourage the...

Question 20

When comparing physical growth patterns between school-aged children and adolescents,what does the nurse note?&#10;A)Physical growth usually slows during the adolescent period.&#10;B)Boys usually exceed girls in height and weight by the end of the middle-school years.&#10;C)Secondary sex characteristics usually develop during the adolescent years.&#10;D)The distribution of muscle and fat remains constant during the adolescent years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When comparing physical growth patterns between school-aged...

Question 21

The nurse should instruct the parents of an adolescent about which of the following health concerns? (Select all that apply. )&#10;A)Signs of substance abuse.&#10;B)Suicide prevention.&#10;C)Safe sex practices.&#10;D)Pregnancy.&#10;E)Gonadotropic hormone stimulation.&#10;F)Voice changes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse should instruct the parents of...

Question 22

Which of these statements,if made by a parent,would necessitate further instruction?&#10;A)&#34;I should not be surprised that my teenager has so many friends.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;I get worried because my teenager thinks he's indestructible.He takes a lot of risks.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;I should cover for my school-aged child when he makes a mistake until he learns the ropes.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;My 10-year-old child is always hungry right after school,so I usually fix him a nutritious snack.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these statements,if made by a...

Question 23

Which of these toys,if selected by the parent of a 10-month-old child,would indicate that the parent has a correct understanding of infant growth and development?&#10;A)A game requiring two to four players.&#10;B)Electronic games.&#10;C)Small,plastic alphabet letters and magnets.&#10;D)Plastic stacking rings.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these toys,if selected by the...

Deck 22: Conception Through Adolescence