Deck 27: The Reproductive System

Question 1

The process of fertilization forms (the)

A)conception.
B)blastocyst.
C)zygote.
D)gametes.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The lateral surface of the ovary is connected to the pelvic wall by (the)

A)mesovarium.
B)mesentery.
C)cardinal ligament.
D)suspensory ligament.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The thickened, cord-like connection of the uterus to the anterior pelvic wall is the

A)round ligament.
B)broad ligament.
C)urachus.
D)uterosacral ligament.
E)cardinal ligament.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following muscles inserts along the sides of the penis

A)bulbospongiosus
B)dartos
C)ischiocavernosus
D)cremaster
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 5

The contents of the spermatic cord includes the

A)ductus deferens.
B)testicular artery.
C)pampiniform plexus of the testicular vein.
D)ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerves.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 6

Contraction of the cremaster muscle occurs because of

A)temperature change and lowered sperm production.
B)lowered sperm production and high hormone levels.
C)sexual arousal and temperature change.
D)sexual arousal and lowered sperm production.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 7

The dermis of the scrotum contains a thin muscle, the

A)cremaster.
B)vaginalis.
C)dartos.
D)epididymis.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 8

The female gonads are the

A)epididymis.
B)ovaries.
C)testis.
D)uterus.
E)straight tubules.

Question 9

The outer covering of the testis and inner lining of the scrotum is the

A)tunica albuginea.
B)perineal raphe.
C)tunica vaginalis.
D)scrotal mediastinum.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 10

The structure that assists in descent of the testes is (the)

A)seminal glands.
B)scrotum.
C)gubernaculum testis.
D)mediastinum.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 11

Reproductive cells are called

A)fertilization.
B)zygotes.
C)gametes.
D)meiosis.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 12

Descent of the testes

A)occurs after birth.
B)is effected by changes in the relative growth rates of the intra-abdominal structures.
C)occurs during the fourth developmental month.
D)is controlled by the hormones FSH and LH.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 13

Major functions of the testis is

A)providing nutrients that spermatozoa need for motility.
B)propelling spermatozoa and fluids along the reproductive tract.
C)production of spermatozoa.
D)activating spermatozoa.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 14

Which of the following is the most distal structure of the penis

A)spongiousum
B)body
C)root
D)glans
E)bulb

Question 15

What additional function(s), beyond those that occur in the male reproductive system, occur in the female reproductive system

A)none; they both have similar functions
B)production of gametes
C)storage of gametes
D)protection, support, and nourishment of a developing offspring
E)nourishment and maturation of gametes

Question 16

How are sperm acted upon by the reproductive system of the female

A)The gametes are replicated.
B)The gametes are stored to optimize at a later time for fertilization.
C)The gametes are nourished.
D)The gametes are destroyed after a few hours, as they are no longer capable of fertilization.
E)They undergo capacitation.

Question 17

Which of the following is part of the male reproductive system only

A)ovaries
B)bulbo-urethral glands
C)uterus
D)uterine tubes
E)vagina

Question 18

The specific structures that make up the root of the penis are (the)

A)bulbs.
B)glans.
C)crura.
D)spongy urethra.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 19

The human reproductive system

A)is as essential to the survival of an individual as all other anatomic systems.
B)remains functional throughout the life of an individual.
C)ensures the continued existence of the human species.
D)stores but does not produce gametes.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 20

Contraction of the cremaster muscle

A)moves the testis closer to the body cavity.
B)produces an erection.
C)propels sperm through the urethra.
D)moves sperm through the ductus deferens.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 21

The muscular layer of the uterus is (the)

A)endometrium.
B)perimetrium.
C)myometrium.
D)mesovarium.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 22

Spermatogenesis ends with the production of ________ spermatids.

A)2
B)4
C)6
D)8
E)16

Question 23

What is the importance of the pampiniform plexus in the scrotum

A)to ease the raising and lowering of the testis without pinching of the blood vessels
B)to support the testis
C)to assist in cooling the blood to permit spermatogenesis to occur at a temperature cooler than in the abdominal cavity
D)to innervate the testis
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 24

The lining of the uterus is (the)

A)myometrium.
B)perimetrium.
C)endometrium.
D)serosa.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 25

The process of a sperm cell being released into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule is called

A)spermatogenesis.
B)spermiogenesis.
C)copulation.
D)spermiation.
E)fertilization.

Question 26

Gametes are called haploid because

A)there are half as many of them produced at each division in comparison with diploid cells.
B)they are produced by the process of mitosis.
C)they are either sperm or ova.
D)they contain one-half the normal number of chromosomes.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 27

Compartments within the testes are (the)

A)seminiferous tubules.
B)lobes.
C)lobules.
D)straight tubules.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 28

The cells of the testes that produce testosterone are the

A)nurse cells.
B)sustentacular cells.
C)interstitial cells.
D)Sertoli cells.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 29

Stem cells in the testes are the

A)primary spermatocytes.
B)spermatozoa.
C)spermatogonia.
D)spermatids.
E)haploids.

Question 30

Which of the following is a function of spermatogonia

A)support of spermiogenesis
B)sperm production
C)support of spermatogenesis
D)secretion of inhibin
E)secretion of ABP

Question 31

The process whereby spermatids go through morphological changes and become spermatozoa is called

A)mitosis.
B)spermiogenesis.
C)spermatogenesis.
D)diploid division.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 32

The bundle that contains the pampiniform plexus, testicular artery, ductus deferens, iliofemoral, and genitofemoral nerves is called the

A)gubernaculum testis.
B)epididymis.
C)inguinal canal.
D)spermatic cord.
E)cremaster bundle.

Question 33

Straight tubules originate at the seminiferous tubules and form a maze of passageways called the

A)ductus deferens.
B)rete testis.
C)efferent ducts.
D)afferent ducts.
E)epididymis.

Question 34

The seminiferous tubules

A)average 200 inches in length.
B)are the sites of the production of androgens for the testis.
C)occur in the testicular septa.
D)are the site of production of spermatozoa.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 35

Which structure in a spermatozoan contains the only structure of its kind found in the human body

A)head
B)acrosome
C)tail
D)midpiece
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 36

The vagina is lined by (a)

A)transitional epithelium.
B)simple cuboidal epithelium.
C)stratified squamous epithelium.
D)simple ciliated columnar epithelium.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 37

The septa of the testis are formed from a part of (the)

A)mediastinum.
B)collagen fibers of the tunica albuginea.
C)spaces that contain blood vessels of the pampiniform plexus.
D)epididymis.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 38

The area of the sperm with densely packed mitochondria is the

A)acrosome.
B)head.
C)midpiece.
D)flagellum.
E)cap.

Question 39

The ovaries are supported by (the)

A)roof of the pelvic cavity.
B)ovarian blood vessels and the ovarian hilum.
C)mesovarium.
D)uterus.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 40

In correct order, from external to internal, the layers of the testis include: (1)dartos muscle
(2)cremaster muscle
(3)tunica vaginalis
(4)scrotal cavity
(5)tunica albuginea
(6)septa

A)1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
B)6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
C)2, 4, 6, 3, 5, 1
D)5, 3, 4, 2
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 41

Which of the following is a function of the seminal fluid

A)activation of spermatozoa
B)providing the nutrient needed for sperm motility
C)buffering the urethra and vagina
D)production of sperm
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 42

What would be the effect on a pregnancy if the placenta failed to begin functioning during the third month of gestation

A)The corpus luteum would continue hormone production as an alternative source until birth.
B)The pregnancy could not continue.
C)There would be no effect on the pregnancy.
D)The fetus would be born prematurely.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 43

Erection of the penis is caused by

A)the penis filling with the semen to be ejaculated.
B)contraction of the longitudinal muscles.
C)erectile tissues that become engorged with blood.
D)protrusion of the os penis, the penis bone.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 44

Which of the following is a function of the ductus deferens

A)It monitors the composition of the fluid contained in it.
B)It adjusts the composition of the fluid contained in it.
C)It recycles damaged spermatozoa.
D)It stores spermatozoa and facilitates their functional maturation.
E)transports sperm to the prostatic urethra.

Question 45

The average length of the uterine cycle is

A)14 days.
B)20 days.
C)28 days.
D)35 days.
E)40 days.

Question 46

A function of the placenta is to

A)produce hormones.
B)prevent gas and nutrient exchange between the fetus and the mother.
C)allow direct exchange of blood between the mother and fetus for nutrition.
D)support the weight of the fetus developing within the uterus.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 47

If the seminal glands of the male reproductive tract ceased to function, how would the male reproductive tract be affected

A)There would be no spermatozoa in the ejaculate.
B)The spermatozoa in the ejaculate would no longer be able to survive.
C)The volume of the semen would be greatly reduced.
D)Maturation of the spermatozoa would not occur.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 48

Which of the following provides an antibiotic called seminalplasmin

A)prostate gland
B)seminal glands
C)bulbo-urethral glands
D)seminiferous tubules
E)epididymis

Question 49

The enlarged distal end of the ductus deferens is called (the)

A)body.
B)ampulla.
C)seminal gland.
D)prostate.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 50

In the follicular phase of the uterine cycle, the ovary is

A)undergoing atresia.
B)developing a mature follicle.
C)forming the corpus luteum.
D)secreting progesterone.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 51

The uterine cycle begins with

A)a surge of LH and FSH.
B)ovulation.
C)the onset of the menses.
D)proliferation of the functional layer of the endometrium.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 52

The milk-producing cells of the breast are activated by which of the following

A)menarche
B)the sucking action of the baby at the nipple
C)implantation of the fetus
D)the start of the follicular phase of the cycle
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 53

During the process of oogenesis there is a possibility of up to two small "extra" cells produced. These are called ________.

A)oogonia.
B)atresia.
C)tertiary oocytes.
D)polar bodies
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 54

The process of forcefully expelling semen from the urethra is called

A)emission.
B)ejaculation.
C)arousal.
D)excitation.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 55

The central, raised area of the breast where the newborn suckles is called the

A)lactirferous duct.
B)lactiferous sinus.
C)fornix.
D)areola.
E)nipple.

Question 56

The ________ of the epididymis receives spermatozoa via the efferent ducts of the mediastinum of the testis.

A)head
B)body
C)tail
D)neck
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 57

In the correct order, the steps involved in oogenesis are: (1)formation of a tertiary follicle
(2)ovulation
(3)formation and degeneration of the corpus luteum
(4)formation of primary follicles
(5)formation of secondary follicles

A)4, 5, 1, 2, 3
B)1, 2, 3, 4, 5
C)5, 4, 3, 2, 1
D)2, 5, 4, 1, 3
E)3, 5, 1, 4, 2

Question 58

During the ovarian cycle,

A)all secondary follicles form tertiary follicles.
B)usually only one mature mature ovarian follicle forms.
C)primary oocytes are suspended in the metaphase state until maturation occurs.
D)each of the primary oocytes develops into two secondary oocytes.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 59

Milk production in the mammary glands

A)is stimulated by a combination of hormones including prolactin, growth hormone, and human placental lactogen.
B)is initiated during the birth process.
C)occurs by the process of meiosis.
D)begins to occur at the start of each monthly cycle, but only continues if pregnancy occurs.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 60

When the ductus deferens fuses with the base of the seminal gland, it forms (the)

A)prostatic urethra.
B)deferential duct.
C)ejaculatory duct.
D)seminiferous tubules.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 61

The ________ of the uterus is the proximal end of the cervix attached to the body of the uterus.

Question 62

Each testis is covered by connective tissue called the ________.

Question 63

The division of each primary spermatocyte produces a pair of ________.

Question 64

The epithelium of the ________ has both ciliated and non-ciliated simple columnar cells.

Question 65

A short passageway that connects the uterus with the exterior of the body is the ________.

Question 66

The visceral peritoneum covering the surface of each ovary is a single layer of cuboidal epithelium called the ________.

Question 67

Premature menopause

A)does not always occur in females.
B)occurs any time menstruation ceases.
C)usually occurs prior to the age of thirty-five years.
D)occurs because of a shortage of primordial follicles.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 68

Cells that support spermatogenesis are called _______ cells.

Question 69

The ________ extends from the uterine tube to the broad ligament.

Question 70

Each seminiferous tubule has the form of a U connected to a single ________.

Question 71

The internal structure that permits stiffening of the penis consists of three columns of ________.

Question 72

An antibiotic component of semen produced by the prostate gland is ________.

Question 73

The male gametes, ________ cells, are produced in the testes.

Question 74

The uterine wall has an outer muscular part, the ________, and an inner glandular part, the ________.

Question 75

The junction of the ductus deferens ampulla and the base of the seminal gland marks the start of the ________.

Question 76

Spermatic cords enter the abdominal cavity through ________.

Question 77

The special form of cell division that leads to the production of gametes is ________.

Question 78

The change in function of the male reproductive system that is comparable to menopause in women is

A)called manopause.
B)called the male climacteric.
C)not comparable between the aging male and female reproductive systems.
D)nothing; the male reproductive system does not change with age.
E)None of the answers are correct.

Question 79

The process of meiosis is unique because it causes a possible number of ________ cells to be formed.

Question 80

The vagina and the vestibule are separated by an elastic epithelial fold, the ________, which may partially or completely block the entrance to the vagina.