Deck 11: Knowledge Management and Specialized Information Systems

Question 1

Alex has been hired to help the chief accountant enter the necessary expense amounts for different departments.He has also been asked to create contact listings for the organization's clients.What type of worker is Alex?

A)a data worker
B)an information worker
C)a knowledge worker
D)a budget worker

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What term is used to refer to that part of artificial intelligence that deals with the adaptation of computer functions based on feedback it receives?

A)robotics
B)natural language processing
C)learning systems
D)neural networks

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which part of the expert systems will look for clues in a given situation, analyze the information, and attempt to formulate a response based on accumulated experience?

A)explanation facility
B)acquisition facility
C)an interface engine
D)an inference engine

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What stores all relevant information, data, rules, cases, and relationships that the expert system uses?

A)a data warehouse
B)a memory bank
C)a storage device
D)a knowledge base

Question 5

What type of knowledge is hard to measure or document and is not typically objective or formalized?

A)tacit knowledge
B)explicit knowledge
C)implicit knowledge
D)shared knowledge

Question 6

What allows the expert system user to understand how the system arrived at its results?

A)the inference engine
B)the explanation facility
C)the knowledge base
D)the knowledge acquisition facility

Question 7

Among the senior management level, who would be accountable for the knowledge assets of the organization?

A)a CIO
B)a CEO
C)a CKO
D)a COO

Question 8

What process involves converting sound waves into words?

A)natural language processing
B)voice recognition
C)text processing
D)pattern recognition

Question 9

Jet has developed a system that mimics the senses of a human.What is this ability of the system called?

A)intelligence
B)perception
C)virtuality
D)creativity

Question 10

What type of systems can process many pieces of data at the same time and learn to recognize patterns?

A)voice recognition systems
B)neural networks
C)learning systems
D)natural language processing systems

Question 11

The genetic algorithm approach is based on the theory of evolution that requires variation and which of the following?

A)gradual changes over time
B)large, complex problems
C)natural selection
D)adaptation

Question 12

At the initial artificial intelligence conference at Dartmouth College in 1956, many AI pioneers predicted that computers would be as "smart" as people someday.By what decade did they believe this would happen?

A)by the 1960s
B)by the 1970s
C)by the 1980s
D)by the 1990s

Question 13

Wesley is a specialist in the area of informatics and was able to build a system that could behave and reason just as he does.What is this system called?

A)a cloning system
B)a virtual system
C)an intelligent system
D)an expert system

Question 14

In an expert system, what component delivers the expert advice?

A)the explanation facility
B)the knowledge acquisition facility
C)the user interface
D)the inference engine

Question 15

Which of the following is a key component of an expert system?

A)a data warehouse
B)a user input
C)an output repository
D)a knowledge base acquisition facility

Question 16

Pete is a visually impaired writer who was able to write his first book using processing that allowed his computer to understand his commands spoken aloud.What type of processing is he using?

A)artificial language
B)natural language
C)learning systems
D)neural systems

Question 17

Sabrina is a software engineer and has developed several systems to help doctors diagnose patients using blood test results.At first the system made some mistakes but over time the system has proven to be quite accurate.What is this ability of the system called?

A)artificial behaviour
B)artificial learning
C)intelligent behaviour
D)intelligent learning

Question 18

After knowledge is created, where is it typically stored?

A)in a data warehouse
B)in a knowledge repository
C)in a traditional database
D)in a data mart

Question 19

The expert system knowledge acquisition facility serves as an interface between which of the following elements?

A)the end users and the inference engine
B)the system developers and the explanation facility
C)the decision makers and the resident engineer
D)the experts and the knowledge base

Question 20

Many businesses use robots to do the three Ds.These include dull jobs, dirty jobs, and what other kind of jobs?

A)dingy jobs
B)dynamic jobs
C)dangerous jobs
D)devastating jobs

Question 21

What file formats can graphic images be stored in?

A)MP3 and MPEG
B)JPEG and GIF
C)ISDB and DVB
D)MP4 and WAV

Question 22

Secretaries, administrative assistants, bookkeepers, and similar data-entry people are often called data workers.

Question 23

Who has the expertise or knowledge that an expert tries to capture?

A)a knowledge engineer
B)a knowledge user
C)a domain expert
D)a system developer

Question 24

No computer has passed the Turing Test, which attempts to determine whether the responses from a computer with intelligent behaviour are indistinguishable from responses from a trained laboratory monkey.

Question 25

What is the term used to denote the playing of audio or video files while being downloaded from the Internet?

A)file transfer
B)file animation
C)streaming
D)recording

Question 26

Les needs to send her wedding photos and video files over the Internet to her parents.What can she do to most efficiently send the files?

A)edit the files
B)convert the files
C)compress the files
D)merge the files

Question 27

What file conversion program can be used to compress multimedia files, making them easier to download from the Internet or send as an e-mail attachment?

A)Apple's QuickTime
B)CorelDraw
C)Grass Valley
D)WinZip

Question 28

Data mining and business intelligence are seldom used to capture the knowledge stored in a knowledge management system.

Question 29

What involves using information systems to develop competitive strategies for people, organizations, or even countries?

A)informatics
B)game theory
C)assistive technology
D)virtual reality systems

Question 30

Many organizations actively attempt to convert tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge.

Question 31

What sense does the haptic interface relay in the virtual world?

A)sight
B)sound
C)taste
D)touch

Question 32

Many groups use patents, copyrights, trade secrets, and Internet firewalls to keep prying eyes from seeing important knowledge that is expensive and hard to create.

Question 33

A study found that a consulting firm was able to earn greater than 1,000 percent return on its knowledge management system.

Question 34

Which of the following were early programming languages developed for, and used in, artificial intelligence applications?

A)FORTRAN and Pascal
B)LISP and PROLOG
C)Pascal and PROLOG
D)LISP and FORTRAN

Question 35

What technology is used to combine GPS maps with real pictures of stores and streets?

A)immersive virtual reality
B)augmented reality
C)telepresence
D)location reality

Question 36

Which of the following file formats is used for audio files?

A)JPEG
B)ZIP
C)MP4
D)MIDI

Question 37

What name is given to special-purpose systems used to overcome disabilities or improve health?

A)health systems
B)assistive technology
C)forensics applications
D)virtual reality systems

Question 38

For over 20 years, expert system shells have been available to lessen the burden of programming, allowing nonprogrammers to develop and benefit from the use of expert systems.

Question 39

In order to train future doctors, the university invested in a system that can replicate an operation room with all the necessary details so the student doctors can safely practise and learn.What type of system would that be?

A)a simulated environment
B)a prototype environment
C)a virtual reality
D)a virtual lab

Question 40

What kind of tags contain small chips with information about products or packages that can be quickly scanned to perform inventory control or trace a package as it moves through the supply chain?

A)smart sensor tags
B)infrared tags
C)RFID tags
D)LASER tags

Question 41

Software for expert systems development has evolved greatly since 1980, from traditional programming languages to expert system shells.

Question 42

An expert system, using the knowledge acquisition facility, can indicate all the facts and rules that were used in reaching a conclusion.

Question 43

Computerized AI chess software can "learn" to improve while playing human competitors.

Question 44

Neugents are neural intelligence agents that "learn" patterns and behaviours and predict what will happen next.

Question 45

Expert systems, robotics, vision systems, natural language processing, learning systems, and neural networks are all part of the broad field of artificial intelligence.

Question 46

Research is ongoing to directly connect the human brain and have human thought control computer activities.

Question 47

A perceptive system allows a machine to approximate the way a person sees, hears, and feels objects.

Question 48

As of this time, there are no practical business applications for the genetic algorithm problem-solving approach.

Question 49

A genetic algorithm can be used to search the vast resources of the Internet to find information on any topic.

Question 50

The user interface makes an expert system easier to both develop and use.

Question 51

A rule is a conditional statement that links conditions to actions or outcomes.

Question 52

The technology used to create 3D movies is now being used to help design products and in 3D TV.

Question 53

Expert systems cannot be used at a number of different locations at the same time by different sets of users.

Question 54

A new knowledge base must be built for each new expert system application.

Question 55

Although computers excel at numerical calculations, they are even better at dealing with symbols and three-dimensional objects.

Question 56

Disadvantages associated with expert systems are that they can be difficult, expensive, and time consuming to develop.

Question 57

Research is ongoing to develop a robotic suit to help paraplegics and stroke victims move so they can perform basic functions.

Question 58

After entering the appropriate attributes, the knowledge acquisition facility correctly stores information and relationships in the knowledge base, making the knowledge base easier and less expensive to set up and maintain.

Question 59

Reinforcement learning is a learning system involving sequential decisions with learning taking place in between each decision.

Question 60

A neural network uses heuristics, or rules of thumb, to arrive at a conclusion or make suggestions.

Question 61

On the Internet, Java applets and animated GIF files can be used to create moving images.

Question 62

A(n) ____________________ is an approach to solving large, complex problems in which many repeated operations or models change and evolve until the best one emerges.

Question 63

____________________ is a process where the computer makes a decision, analyzes the results, and then makes a better decision based on the analysis.

Question 64

One limitation of virtual reality systems is that they enable just one user at a time to move and react in a computer simulated environment.

Question 65

A(n) ____________________ is a computer system that can act like or simulate the functioning of a human brain.

Question 66

____________________ is the development of mechanical or computer devices that perform tasks requiring a high degree of precision or that are tedious or hazardous for humans.

Question 67

John McCarthy proposed the use of the term ____________________ to describe computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate the functions of the human brain.

Question 68

A(n) ____________________ system consists of hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences, similar to an experienced and well-trained worker.

Question 69

Analog and older digital formats need not be converted into a newer digital format before they can be edited and processed by today's multimedia software.

Question 70

A(n) ____________________ system consists of hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences, similar to those of a human expert.

Question 71

The main purpose of the ____________________ is to provide a convenient and efficient means of capturing and storing all components of the knowledge base.

Question 72

____________________ knowledge is objective and can be measured and documented.

Question 73

Using a knowledge management system begins with locating the organization's knowledge, often using a ____________________ that points the knowledge worker to the needed knowledge.

Question 74

____________________ involves converting sounds waves into words.

Question 75

Some organizations and professions use ____________________ to create, store, and share knowledge.

Question 76

For some decisions, people use ____________________, which are rules of thumb arising from experience.

Question 77

The ability to learn from experiences, apply knowledge acquired from those experiences, handle complex situations, solve problems when important information is missing, and to be creative and imaginative is considered to be ____________________.

Question 78

____________________ are conditional statements that link conditions to actions or outcomes; in many instances, they are stored as IF-THEN statements.

Question 79

The purpose of the ____________________ is to seek information and relationships from the knowledge base and to provide answers, predictions, and suggestions similar to the way a human expert would.

Question 80

____________________ workers are people who create, use, and disseminate knowledge.