Deck 14: Environmental Health

Question 1

Which of the following is a direct result of global warming?

A)Decreased prevalence of infectious diseases
B)Increased water pollution from soil erosion
C)Decreased protection from the ozone layer
D)Increased number of parasites and insects

Answer 1

Increased number of parasites and insects

Question 2

How does critical theory differ from other nursing theories such as the health belief model or Orem's self-care deficit theory?

A)Critical theory can be used by professionals other than nurses.
B)Critical theory focuses on oppression and facilitates group action.
C)Critical theory is not directly related to health promotion.
D)Critical theory confronts changing an individual's beliefs.

Answer 2

Critical theory focuses on oppression and facilitates group action.

Question 3

Which of the following statements best describes what has happened to air quality since the United States outlawed the use of chlorofluorocarbons,halons,and carbon tetrachloride?

A)Air quality immediately improved.
B)Air quality is slowly improving.
C)Little change occurred because these chemicals remain in the atmosphere.
D)Nothing has happened because other countries worldwide continue to extensively use these products.

Answer 3

Little change occurred because these chemicals remain in the atmosphere.

Question 4

Which of the following nursing actions would be the most helpful to the community's long-term health?

A)Careful assessment, diagnosis, planning, and giving care to individual patients and their families
B)Dialogue with community members concerning what health issues are of importance in that community
C)Focusing on family health through school-based neighborhood clinics
D)Helping the community create political change through organization, use of media, legislative lobbying, and mass demonstrations

Question 5

Which of the following statements supports why it is believed that the risks of various employment positions are inaccurate?

A)Companies refuse to share employee injury information.
B)Because factories reimburse employees directly, the injury is not reported.
C)Individuals assume it is a personal problem, not an employment issue.
D)Most employment positions do not have known risks.

Question 6

When using an environmental perspective,which of the following would be the most important question for a nurse to ask when assessing potential health problems?

A)"Can you tell me how you have been feeling?"
B)"Can you tell me what you do at work?"
C)"What brings you here today?"
D)"What problems have you been having?"

Question 7

In a community presentation about asthma,a nurse explained the causes of asthma in children,how to observe for "triggers" that lead to an attack,and how to use an inhaler.Which of the following statements best identifies what was omitted from this presentation?

A)The nurse did not ask the attendees to disclose if any of them smoke around children.
B)The nurse did not address actions that should be taken to improve air quality and only focused on the treatment of asthma.
C)The nurse did not address the need to avoid exposure to others who may have a communicable disease.
D)The nurse did not review the genetic components related to asthma in families.

Question 8

Which of the following statements best describe why environmental health is more challenging than other variables related to an individual's health?

A)Environmental health affects susceptible individuals more than groups.
B)Environmental health demands that individuals be willing to change their beliefs.
C)Environmental health is dependent on social neighborhoods, as well as geography.
D)Environmental health requires social, economic, and political changes to improve.

Question 9

Which of the following actions should be taken by a small community group who hopes to accomplish goals against a large powerful corporation?

A)Appeal to the chief executive officer's conscience
B)Ask the corporation's employees to encourage change
C)Begin legal action to force the corporation to change
D)Form coalitions with other groups that have similar goals

Question 10

Which of the following issues exists from communities using solid waste landfills to dispose of trash from private residences?

A)Landfills are too wasteful, as solid waste can be burned to produce energy.
B)Methane gas may move through the soil to cause fire or explosions nearby.
C)There is an ongoing need to purchase more land as landfills eventually fill up.
D)People do not use landfills but dump their garbage anywhere they will not be seen.

Question 11

Why are health care providers concerned over such social issues as mass transit,clean power,and the farming industry?

A)Because air pollutants are contributors to asthma and other health problems.
B)Clean power would reduce the pollution that results from burning of high-sulfur coal.
C)Manure runoff from industrial farming is polluting water and killing fish throughout the United States.
D)Mass transit would remove the problem of so many Americans being killed or injured by drunken or impaired drivers.

Question 12

The local stream was full of trash.The Boy Scouts had a cleanup day so they could again canoe on the stream.Which of the following actions should be taken by nurses in the local community?

A)Hold a dialogue with community members about the problem and its effects
B)Fight for stronger "do not trash" laws and harsher penalties
C)Lecture community organizations about the value of safe water for recreation
D)Put all personal trash in appropriate trash receptacles

Question 13

What would be an appropriate term for intoxicated drivers,secondhand smoke,urban crowding,noise,and mechanization?

A)Risks of living style
B)Risks in the built environment
C)Personal health risks
D)Modern day health risks

Question 14

What is meant by discriminatory land use?

A)Backlash against companies that do not protect the environment
B)Daily insults to people who live in a particular community
C)Locating industrial hazards in low-income communities
D)Political recognition that companies support a safe environment

Question 15

Which of the following is the leading cause of lung cancer among nonsmokers?

A)Secondhand smoke
B)Living near a nuclear power plant
C)Exposure to pesticides
D)Radon gas

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a food desert?

A)The inability to store foods at an acceptable temperature
B)The inability to have healthy foods at home
C)A neighborhood with little to no access to healthy foods
D)A neighborhood that has experienced a recent food-borne illness

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why it is difficult to get others interested in environmental health?

A)Environmental problems just are not interesting or dramatic.
B)It's difficult to get media interested.
C)People respond more to an acute crisis than chronic environmental problems.
D)People respond more to an individual asking for help than a community asking for help.

Question 18

It has been learned that a particular industry has vastly polluted the surrounding neighborhood.Which of the following actions would most likely be taken by those living in the neighborhood?

A)Band together to shut the industry down
B)Nothing, because of family ties and cost of relocation
C)Immediately move to a different neighborhood
D)Seek legal reimbursement for the hazard exposure

Question 19

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the environment and health?

A)Because of the large number of variables involved, the relationship between environment and health cannot be researched.
B)Because the environment has such long-term effects on health, research findings are not yet available.
C)Research shows that a healthy environment has limited impact on one's health.
D)Research shows that a healthy environment increases quality of life and years of healthy living.

Question 20

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn concerning efforts to decrease environmental pollution?

A)The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets priorities for environmental problems and funds action.
B)Federal policies have been weakened, and enforcement lacks funding.
C)Federal recycling mandates have decreased waste products.
D)Legislation is increasingly being passed to force companies to lower toxic waste emissions.

Question 21

Which of the following strategies should a nurse use to remember what should be included in a health history?

A)Always use a preprinted form
B)Depend on education to learn this
C)Depend on experience to know what to ask
D)Memorize the I PREPARE mnemonic
E)Memorize the I HEALTH mnemonic

Question 22

Which of the following describe a problem with the U.S.water quality today? (Select all that apply.)

A)Companies demand high reimbursement when asked to stop dumping heavy metals into local water sources.
B)Many aquifers are contaminated with pesticides and fertilizers.
C)More than 45 million Americans drink untreated water.
D)Sediment from construction, agriculture, and deforestation is often present.
E)Underground water, if contaminated, cannot be cleansed.
F)Water-related diseases (cholera, typhoid, dysentery) frequently occur.

Question 23

Which of the following have been identified as part of the core environmental health competencies? (Select all that apply.)

A)Assurance
B)Assessment
C)Policy development
D)Management
E)Advocacy
F)Communication

Question 24

How does participatory action research differ from other research methods?

A)Participatory action research does not use a control group.
B)Participatory action research does not require randomization.
C)Participatory action research is not based on a predetermined hypothesis.
D)Participatory action research poses solutions to the problem.