Deck 12: Family Life

Question 1

In 2011,according to Statistics Canada,what percentage of Canadians reported a common-law union?

A) 12.3%
B) 16.7%
C) 18.9%
D) 21.4%

Answer 1

B

Question 2

According to Hakansson and colleagues (2009),the risk of which of the following illnesses decreases if a person lives with a person during his/her mid-life years?

A) diabetes
B) cancer
C) cognitive impairment
D) arthritis

Answer 2

C

Question 3

According to Mancini and Bonanno (2006),why do married older people stand a better chance of staying out of nursing homes if they get sick?

A) They have more financial resources available.
B) Their illnesses are usually less severe and of shorter duration.
C) Their illnesses tend to be more acute.
D) They have someone to care for them at home.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

According to Schlesinger and Schlesinger (2009),which of the following issues does marriage reduce?

A) emotional loneliness
B) personal anger
C) a feeling of frustration with life
D) a feeling of hopelessness

Question 5

According to Milan and Peters (2003),what percentage of Canadians 50 years of age and older in 2001 were in Living-Apart-Together relationships?

A) 1%
B) 5%
C) 11%
D) 25%

Question 6

What two characteristics become more important in a marriage as people age?

A) confidence and intimacy
B) affection and companionship
C) well-being and honesty
D) loyalty and trust

Question 7

When does satisfaction in marriage seem to be lowest during life?

A) during the first few years of marriage
B) during later life (i.e., the end of the marriage continuum)
C) during the child-rearing years
D) during the first few years of retirement

Question 8

In Canada,about what percentage of men and women aged 15+ were married in 2006?

A) 25.6%
B) 48.5%
C) 80.7%
D) 90.3%

Question 9

By late old age (age 80 and over),as compared to women,what proportion of men live with a partner?

A) two times as many men
B) three times as many men
C) four times as many men
D) five times as many men

Question 10

What is stated in Shanas' (1979)hydra-headed myth of family breakdown?

A) Rising divorce rates, the generation gap, and high residential mobility are all signs of a crisis in the modern family.
B) Middle-aged children feel responsible for their aging parents and supply most of the help that older people need.
C) Values about family care of elderly adults have not eroded despite demographic and socio-economic changes.
D) The many crises in the modern family, combined with the fact that more older people live alone than ever before, shows that families have abandoned their aging members.

Question 11

Which of the following show(s)how events that occur early in life affect roles and relationships in later life?

A) normative events
B) non-normative events
C) the life course perspective
D) the engagement theory

Question 12

Which of the following is an advantage that married older people have over single older people?

A) Married people live longer lives and better health.
B) Married people have more compact informal social support networks.
C) Married people have better pension benefits and retirement options.
D) Married people have lower rates of victimization.

Question 13

Henry and colleagues (2005)say that to understand the impact of marriage on well-being,researchers need to look at which of the following?

A) extramarital relationships
B) ethnic and religious factors
C) sexual relations within the marriage
D) the quality of a marriage

Question 14

Which of the following disproves the hydra-headed myth of family breakdown?

A) Older people find it difficult to keep in regular contact with their families.
B) Middle-aged children do not feel responsible for their aging parents.
C) Research shows that older people receive a great deal of informal support from their family.
D) Most older people prefer to see their children, but not to live with them.

Question 15

Married seniors have some advantages over their unmarried age mates.Which of the following is one of them?

A) Married people aged 65 and over tend to have fewer accessible financial resources than unmarried older people.
B) Married older couples report they work longer because they like to spend money with their spouse.
C) Married people adjust better to aging than non-married people.
D) Married seniors stand the best chances of getting into nursing homes if they get sick.

Question 16

Which of the following types of problems seem to surface more in unhappy marriages,according to Koppen and Anderson (2008)?

A) disagreements about children
B) health problems
C) declining health of parents
D) financial problems

Question 17

Why does the baby boomer generation tend to choose a common-law union over a formal marriage?

A) Because common-law unions are more common among their age cohort
B) Because common-law unions are financially more viable
C) Because common-law unions cause less strain among the Boomers' adult children
D) Because common-law unions allow Boomers more freedom to leave the union, if they so desire

Question 18

Jack and Carol have two adult children.One is happily married and living in a city that is two hours away,and the other child is just starting university.Jack and Carol are planning a trip to Italy to visit some friends now that their children are settled.What is the name that is commonly given to a household when both children have left and the older parents are at home by themselves?

A) empty householders
B) new freedom
C) empty nesters
D) new nesters

Question 19

Mr.and Mrs.Miller still have disagreements,even though they've been married for several decades.Which of the following is the most common financial issue that causes arguments between older married couples?

A) investing in the stock market
B) giving money to children
C) impulsive spending without saving money
D) spending habits

Question 20

When compared to men,what type of problem do women more often report in their marriages?

A) health problems
B) emotional problems
C) financial problems
D) intimacy problems

Question 21

What is one of the three reasons widows tend to outnumber widowers?

A) Women tend to remarry after widowhood.
B) Women tend to marry younger men.
C) Women tend to live longer than men.
D) Women tend to face less social pressure to remarry than men.

Question 22

Which of the following reasons explains the increase in the divorce rate in Canada??

A) demographic and socio-economic change
B) the liberalization of divorce laws
C) relaxed social norms for older people
D) longer life expectancies

Question 23

Widows and widowers often reach out for someone with whom they can talk and discuss their feelings of loss and bereavement.Which of the following terms describes this individual?

A) confidant
B) sympathizer
C) friend
D) advisor

Question 24

Which of the following problems can a woman face when she divorces at an older age?

A) economic insecurity
B) family problems
C) emotional isolation
D) health concerns

Question 25

Why are a large number of older women disinclined to remarry?

A) They are tired of men.
B) They do not wish to have the financial responsibility of marriage again.
C) They no longer approve of the concept of marriage.
D) They do not wish to be burdened with an increased number of domestic chores.

Question 26

Which of the following statements can be made about someone who has never married?

A) Older singles are usually bitter and unlovable.
B) Older singles live lonely, socially isolated lives.
C) Older singles, especially women, develop strong, diverse social networks.
D) Older singles, especially men, are wealthy and are confident about their decision to not marry.

Question 27

What did Hurd Clarke (2006)discover about women in a study of remarriage?

A) The women felt a greater sense of sexual freedom in their second or third marriage.
B) The women usually disliked their first husbands.
C) The women remarried so that they wouldn't be lonely.
D) The women felt more confident about themselves in a second or third marriage.

Question 28

Which of the following phrases describes widowhood and creates a great deal of stress for those who experience it?

A) Widowhood is a non-normative event.
B) Widowhood is an expectable life event.
C) Widowhood is a psychological trauma.
D) Widowhood is an psycho-social crisis for older people.

Question 29

What approximate percentage of older people have never married?

A) 5%
B) 15%
C) 30%
D) 50%

Question 30

Mr.Jones has been a widower for five years and he now has a new female friend.What is the primary motivation for most men to remarry in older life?

A) financial security
B) a travelling companion
C) to avoid loneliness
D) to share household chores

Question 31

Your aunt Casey,who is 57 years old,has never married,and has never regretted being single and on her own.She has stated that she enjoys her independence and her life has been wonderful.Casey is among what percentage of women who,according to McDill and colleagues (2006)have felt no societal repercussions related to their single status?

A) 43%
B) 65%
C) 72%
D) 81%

Question 32

Which of the following is harder for widowed men than for widowed women?

A) getting out of bed
B) staying regular
C) performing daily care routines
D) making new friends

Question 33

Which of the following scenarios is likely to occur after the loss of a spouse?

A) Men, relative to women, rarely remarry.
B) Women tend to remarry faster than men.
C) Men are more likely to remarry than women.
D) The majority of both men and women remarry.

Question 34

For most widows,confidants tend to be which of the following?

A) cousins
B) siblings (brothers or sisters)
C) children
D) long-time friends

Question 35

Which characteristic of men explains why widowers tend to suffer from isolation and loneliness and run a higher risk of suicide than widows do?

A) Men are less emotionally stable than women.
B) Men find it harder to make new friends or to join groups for help.
C) Men do not have confidants.
D) Men cannot adjust to drastic changes in lifestyle as easily as women.

Question 36

According to Statistics Canada,in 2006,what percentage of both men and women aged 65+ reported that they were divorced?

A) 2%
B) 5%
C) 7%
D) 10%

Question 37

In 2006,studies showed that what percentage of widowed Canadians were women aged 65 and over?

A) 25%
B) 30%
C) 80%
D) 95%

Question 38

Which of the following groups of people do never-married people tend to rely upon for social support?

A) colleagues from work
B) chat rooms on the Internet
C) religious leaders
D) their siblings

Question 39

In what manner does social support show a differing impact on women and men who are widowed?

A) significant differences exist between the well-being of men and women, mainly due to the fact that women had more friends than men
B) that a widower's life satisfaction increases with remarriage, whereas a widow's does not
C) that men require more social support than women to feel satisfied, but rarely receive it
D) that, contrary to popular belief, men will not rush into another marriage after they lose a spouse

Question 40

Often the motives for choosing an LAT relationship,particularly for women,revolve around which of the following?

A) marriage
B) health issues
C) finances
D) autonomy

Question 41

What is one of the main reasons widows remarry?

A) financial security
B) a new house
C) the feeling of adding to another's happiness
D) boredom with the elderly singles scene

Question 42

What is shown by recent research to be a new approach to dating?

A) meeting a companion on an online dating service
B) meeting someone at church
C) meeting a companion at a school
D) meeting a companion on a social network site

Question 43

What did Lee discover during his 1987 study of gay aging men in Canada?

A) Gay men still reported high life satisfaction as they aged.
B) Gay men chose not to marry their partners.
C) Gay men found it difficult to adapt to the changes that came with age.
D) Gay men found it quite easy to have a lover later on in life.

Question 44

Moore and Stratton (2002)made which of the following conclusions about men and dating in later life?

A) Men found that dating in later life was eating up their savings.
B) Men found that dating in later life was stressful.
C) Men found that dating in later life was more fun than in their younger years.
D) Men found that dating in later life was acceptable for the companionship that it offered.

Question 45

According to a recent AARP study (2010),which of the following statements regarding older people and sexual relationships was found to be the most accurate?

A) Older people did not enjoy sex as much as they did when they were younger.
B) Older people with a partner but not married had sex more often and with more satisfaction.
C) Older people had more time to have sex, and they have it more frequently.
D) Older people avoided sexual relationships altogether.

Question 46

According to Statistics Canada 2011 Gay Pride,what percentage of seniors aged 65+ are same-sex couples?

A) 2%
B) 4%
C) 6%
D) 8%

Question 47

Researchers have found that after their husbands died,widows did which of the following?

A) stayed socially active in mother and grandmother roles, and even retained their wife role
B) withdrew from social activity and became more independent
C) felt almost no loss because of social supports and family roles that buffered the stress
D) grew more dependent on their confidant relationships

Question 48

According to Montenegro (2003),what percentage of older people had an exclusive dating arrangement?

A) 15%
B) 27%
C) 33%
D) 47%

Question 49

Research shows that whether a woman maintains an active sex life or not depends on which of the following?

A) her social upbringing and religious beliefs
B) the presence of an active partner
C) her sense of autonomy
D) social norms

Question 50

According to the Public Health Agency of Canada (2010),what percentage of people aged 50+ were responsible for reported cases of AIDS?

A) 12.4%
B) 13.7%
C) 14.6%
D) 15.9%

Question 51

Which of the following do men often name as their confidant?

A) their spouse
B) their war buddies
C) their doctor
D) their dog

Question 52

Which of the following lifestyle changes can assist older people to improve sexual functioning and desire?

A) increased alcohol consumption
B) good nutrition
C) homeopathic remedies
D) psychological testing to reduce stress

Question 53

When choosing a prospective dating partner,what attribute do men primarily choose as being most important?

A) social status
B) physical attractiveness
C) wealth
D) good health status

Question 54

Between 1979 and 2008,what percentage of men with AIDS reported having sex with another man?

A) 37.8%
B) 49.3%
C) 56.2%
D) 61.3%

Question 55

Frank and Lucille both live in a nursing home.They would like to be able to express their sexual feelings for one another,but find it difficult to do so.According to Rheaume and Mitty (2008),how do staff members at long-term care facilities tend to view residents' attempts at sexual expression?

A) as humourous behaviour
B) as normative behaviour
C) as problem behaviour
D) as abnormal behaviour

Question 56

Which of the following is reflected in the fact that women tend to stop having sexual relations earlier than men?

A) a growing interest in outside activities
B) a loss of purpose after menopause
C) society's attitudes about sex and older people
D) the higher rates of widowhood for women

Question 57

What did current research find that sexual activity in old age depended on the most?

A) a person's pattern of sexual activity in the past
B) social support of sexual activity in old age
C) the age of the individual
D) the amount of freedom available to the individual

Question 58

Research indicates that painful damage to self-concept and psychological well-being due to aging can come from changes in which of the following?

A) sexual function
B) memory
C) athletic ability
D) sensory perception

Question 59

In a study about the medicalization of male sexuality (2008),how does Marshall view the usage of drugs,such as Viagra?

A) as a "wonder" drug
B) as a waste of time and money
C) as a boost for sales for the pharmaceutical industry
D) as a form of age denial among older people

Question 60

What do Butler and Lewis (1976)describe as a way to overcome damage to self-concept and zest for life due to changes in sexual function?

A) exercises that help older people maintain sexual vigour
B) changes in cultural norms that would allow older people to have more active sex lives
C) a second language of sex that focuses on caring and affection
D) programs that teach older people to deal with the changes that occur with age

Question 61

According to Turcotte (2006),what percentage of Canadian parents had at least one child between the ages of 20 and 34 still living at home?

A) 30%
B) 40%
C) 50%
D) 60%

Question 62

Older people often give varied forms of help to younger people,including which of the following,according to the text?

A) used clothing
B) help with housework and yard work
C) transportation
D) golfing tips

Question 63

Research indicates that older parents still provide a great deal of support to their children.What type of support is the most commonly given support to children?

A) financial
B) emotional
C) unpaid work, such as childcare
D) paid work, such as chores

Question 64

Mr.and Mrs.Nicholson have what is considered to be the average number of grandchildren that grandparents have in Canada.What is that average number?

A) 1-3 grandchildren
B) 4-5 grandchildren
C) 3-6 grandchildren
D) 6-7 grandchildren

Question 65

According to Turcotte and Schellenberg (2007),what type of help do older people provide more often than their younger counterparts?

A) help to another senior
B) help to a neighbour
C) help to a stranger
D) help to a sibling

Question 66

What is suggested in the research regarding the grandparent-grandchild relationship?

A) It experiences a general decline over time, with some improvement in later years.
B) It declines consistently over a lifetime.
C) It gets better with time.
D) It ends when the child reaches puberty.

Question 67

For what reason given by the MetLife ASA study might gay and lesbian adaptations to a hostile society lead to successful aging?

A) Experience in political advocacy enables them to better defend their rights as they age.
B) The homosexual culture, facing external challenge, has strong internal supports and therefore helps its aging members.
C) The value of health in the homosexual culture leads to better health and habits in later life.
D) Rejection of many of society's values enables the rejection of personal worth based on youth and health.

Question 68

What percentage of older women are grandparents?

A) 50%
B) 65%
C! 80%
D) 95%

Question 69

According to Kemp (2005),"an unconditional latent reserve of support" refers to the ties between which of the following?

A) grandparents and grandchildren
B) grandparents and parents
C) adults and children
D) maternal grandparents and grandchildren

Question 70

Most cases of contact loss between paternal grandparents and grandchildren stem from which of the following?

A) differences of opinion
B) divorce
C) disapproval
D) interference by grandparents in grandchildren's lives

Question 71

According to the MetLife and American Society on Aging 2010 study,what percentage of LGBT caregivers gave care to a parent?

A) 17%
B) 26%
C) 33%
D) 41%

Question 72

Jerry is a 27 year-old grandson who loves his grandmother.She has been a link to his family history,and has provided for him financially.But Jerry has concerns about his grandmother.According to a study by Boon and Shaw (2007),what is the greatest concern that grandchildren have with regard to their grandparents?

A) their finances
B) their present-day health challenges
C) their living accommodations
D) their risk for dementia

Question 73

Which of the following statements can be made regarding female grandchildren and their relationships with their grandparents as opposed to male grandchildren?

A) Female grandchildren have better relationships than male grandchildren.
B) Female grandchildren have worse relationships than male grandchildren.
C) Female grandchildren have more conflicting relationships than male grandchildren.
D) Female grandchildren have more unsatisfying relationships than male grandchildren.

Question 74

When compared with paternal grandparents,which of the following types of roles do maternal grandparents play?

A) greater
B) lesser
C) more monetary
D) more distant

Question 75

In 2011,what percentage of children aged 14 and younger lived in multigenerational homes with at least three generations?

A) 4.8%
B) 5.7%
C) 6. 9%
D) 7.5%

Question 76

Which of the following scenarios occurs over a lifetime for parents?

A) Parents receive more support than they give.
B) Parents give more support than they receive.
C) Parents often decline to help their children.
D) Parents receive more financial aid from their children than their children received from them.

Question 77

What is the term to describe a grandparent who lives with a grandchild without an intervening generation?

A) a second-generation household
B) a multi-generational household
C) an integrated household
D) a skip-generation household

Question 78

Studies show that a child's feelings toward his/her grandparents rely on which of the following?

A) the child's parent's feelings for the grandparents
B) the young child's relationship with his/her parents
C) the amount of time spent with his/her grandparents
D) the physical appearance of the grandparents

Question 79

Which of the following is an outcome of geographical proximity for grandparents?

A) They can be more successful with their grandchildren.
B) They can have more emotional closeness with their grandchildren.
C) They can be a worse influence on their grandchildren.
D) They can be healthier when interacting with their grandchildren.

Question 80

Which of the following is a theme that appears in nearly all studies of homosexuality in later life?

A) the role of older gays and lesbians in the homosexual subculture
B) differences in the aging process between gays and lesbians
C) how societal attitudes have affected the lives of homosexual older people
D) relations between aging gay and lesbian couples