Deck 8: The ICT Industry

Question 1

Companies such as IBM and Sperry Rand launched the computer industry when they brought the first mainframes to market in the ________.

A) 1940s
B) 1950s
C) 1960s
D) 1970s

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The terms outsourcing and offshoring are the same thing.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

In economics, _________ are things that can be used or consumed, whereas _________ are intangible actions performed for a consumer.

A) goods, services
B) services, goods
C) assets, services
D) none of the above

Answer 3

A

Question 4

______________ goods are raw materials, tools, and machinery used by businesses to make consumer goods.

Question 5

____________ reduces the cost of goods and services by using workers and manufacturing facilities in countries with inexpensive labor.

Question 6

Companies are classified into economic sectors according to the types of goods and services they provide.

Question 7

A proprietary model called the __________ represents the position of a product during its life cycle of publicity.

A) Gartner Hype Cycle
B) Rogers' bell curve
C) product life cycle
D) disruptive technology

Question 8

The information industry has three major facets: _________, computers, and telecommunications.

Question 9

The term product life cycle is frequently used to describe patterns in the way consumers adopt technology products.

Question 10

_________ technology displaces an existing business process, market, industry, or product.

Question 11

Worldwide, the ICT industry directly employs about _____ of the total workforce in jobs such as computer manufacturing, programming, and data security.

A) 4%
B) 14%
C) 24%
D) 40%

Question 12

Moore's law accurately described the rate of chip innovation for a 50-year period of ICT industry development.

Question 13

The __________ is made up of businesses that focus on digital equipment, software, communications technologies, and related services.

A) ICT industry
B) stock market
C) dot-com industry
D) Internet

Question 14

The growth of the ICT industry has a generally upward trend.

Question 15

_______________ are two of the world's largest exporters of ICT services.

A) South Korea and the United States
B) China and the United States
C) The United States and Japan
D) India and Ireland

Question 16

A stock market _________ refers to a sharp rise in stock values that is later followed by a sudden decline.

Question 17

Most economists regard goods and services as a continuum, with intangible goods, such as __________, in the middle of the continuum.

A) hardware
B) software
C) computers
D) exports

Question 18

___________ states that every two years the number of transistors in an integrated circuit will double without raising its cost.

Question 19

From the perspective of a business that creates and sells a technology product, the ____________ maps the expected profitability of a product from its inception to its demise.

A) Rogers' bell curve
B) product life cycle
C) Gartner Hype cycle
D) none of the above

Question 20

The dot-com bubble occurred between the years 2008 and 2010.

Question 21

ICT use in emerging nations lags behind its use in developed nations.

Question 22

A(n) ____________ calculator is a device that assists in the process of numeric calculations but requires the human operator to keep track of the algorithm.

A) mechanical
B) manual
C) digital
D) algorithm

Question 23

Based on existing laws governing international conflict, the ______________ sets out rules for conducting and responding to cyberwarfare.

A) Tallinn Manual
B) Cyberwarfare
C) SCADA
D) PLC

Question 24

The Atanasoff-Berry Computer was the first computing device to use transistors instead of vacuum tubes as processing circuitry.

Question 25

Which of the following would be considered a mechanical calculator?

A) Schickard's Calculator
B) Pascaline
C) Thomas de Colmar's Arithmometer
D) All of the above

Question 26

_________ is the monetary value of all the goods and services produced by a nation's workforce on an annual basis.

A) Productivity
B) GDP
C) ITC growth
D) PLC

Question 27

____________ was designed to tabulate the 1890 census and used cards with designated areas representing data fields.

A) Babbage's Analytical Engine
B) Schickard's Calculator
C) The Atanasoff-Berry Computer
D) Hollerith's tabulating machine

Question 28

The Stuxnet virus that disabled Iranian nuclear centrifuges is an example of cyberwarfare.

Question 29

Which of the following would not be considered a disruptive technology?

A) Digital photography replacing film photography
B) Smartphones replacing devices such as MP3 players
C) Computers with word processors replacing typewriters
D) Computers that run macOS replacing computers that run Windows 10

Question 30

In the context of economics, ___________ is a measurement of the amount of output that is produced per unit of input.

Question 31

Babbage's __________ was an all-purpose computing device.

Question 32

An abacus is an example of a(n) _________ calculator.

Question 33

The Atanasoff-Berry Computer was the first computing device to use ________ instead of mechanical switches as processing circuitry.

Question 34

A manual calculator implements algorithms autonomously.

Question 35

Thomas de Colmar's _________ became the first mass-produced mechanical calculator.

Question 36

The U.S.Department of Homeland Security identifies six national security functions supplied by the ICT sector.Which one of the following is not one of them?

A) Provide identity management and trust support services.
B) Provide disruptive technologies.
C) Provide incident management capabilities.
D) Provide Internet routing, access, and communications services.

Question 37

_____________ is the use of ICT technology to carry out politically motivated attacks designed to infiltrate, sabotage, or damage an opponent's information systems and defensive capabilities.

Question 38

Between 2001 and 2016, significant gains were made in global ICT use, with the highest gains in desktop computer purchases.

Question 39

A calculation is based on a(n) ___________-the step-by-step process by which numbers are manipulated.

Question 40

__________ is the acronym that describes devices that automate many industrial tasks by receiving digital commands and converting them into real-world actions such as shutting down a power grid or opening a valve in a fuel pipeline.

Question 41

A computer that used an Intel 4004 microprocessor would be considered a fourth-generation computer.

Question 42

________ was an electronic device designed to decode messages that were sent between the German High Command and their field officers in World War II.

Question 43

It was not until the ______ generation of computers that portable operating systems, such as CP/M and UNIX, provided programmers with similar operating system commands across hardware platforms.

Question 44

Most computer historians agree that computers have evolved through _______ distinct generations.

A) three
B) four
C) five
D) six

Question 45

_____ was the first commercially successful computer.

A) Z3
B) ENIAC
C) UNIVAC
D) Colossus

Question 46

Which of the following would be considered a third-generation computer?

A) IBM 360
B) UNIVAC
C) Z3
D) MITS Altair

Question 47

The Harvard Mark I was digital but used _________ rather than binary representation.

Question 48

Early computers that held both programs and data in memory became known as ________ architecture.

Question 49

When the PC version of the spreadsheet program __________ became available, the IBM PC quickly became the top-selling personal computer.

Question 50

Computer systems such as the Mark-8 and the MITS Altair are examples of early ______ computers.

Question 51

High-level programming languages were available for use on ________-generation computers.

Question 52

ENIAC's memory held programs but not data.

Question 53

________ computers, such as UNIVAC, can be characterized by their use of vacuum tubes to store individual bits of data.

A) First-generation
B) Second-generation
C) Third-generation
D) None of the above

Question 54

________ was designed to calculate trajectory tables for the U.S.Army.

A) ENIAC
B) The Harvard Mark I
C) Colossus
D) The Atanasoff-Berry Computer

Question 55

Colossus used binary arithmetic.

Question 56

The Apple II computer included color graphics.

Question 57

Second-generation computers used ________ instead of vacuum tubes.

Question 58

The Atanasoff-Berry Computer is often considered the first electronic digital computer.

Question 59

_______-generation computers became possible by the development of integrated circuits.

A) First
B) Second
C) Third
D) Fourth

Question 60

Transistors performed functions similar to vacuum tubes, but they were larger and more power hungry.

Question 61

Prior to 1912, there were no laws or regulations restricting amateur radio transmission in the United States.

Question 62

The success of an underwater telegraph cable depended on the discovery of __________, a rubber-like substance.

Question 63

A key feature of the Apple Lisa was its use of _______________.

A) vacuum tubes
B) a graphical user interface
C) transistors
D) VisiCalc

Question 64

Two-way radio technology went portable during World War I.

Question 65

Which of the following would not be considered a common carrier?

A) Telegraph
B) Telephone
C) Cell phone services
D) Radio stations

Question 66

The Motorola DynaTAC 8000X was the first handheld ___________ telephone.

Question 67

The first telephone was invented and patented by Alexander Graham Bell in ________.

A) 1776
B) 1876
C) 1906
D) 1922

Question 68

Telegraphy remained the major technology for intercontinental communication well into the ________.

A) 1930s
B) 1940s
C) 1950s
D) 1960s

Question 69

Guglielmo Marconi is credited as the person who invented the ___________, a device that sends and receives sound as electromagnetic waves.

Question 70

Which year did Apple release the first Apple Macintosh computer? ___________

Question 71

The years between 1920 and 1960 are considered the Golden Age of ________.

Question 72

Samuel Morse developed and patented a telegraph system.

Question 73

Radio technology is the basis for cell phones and Wi-Fi.

Question 74

A(n) ___________ is any person or company that transports goods, passengers, or electronic signals over regular routes at set rates.

Question 75

Telephone networks are based on a hierarchy of interconnected stars.At the center of the star is a telephone ___________ that manages connections between callers.

Question 76

The first telephones were connected by point-to-point networks, similar to those used by the telegraph system.

Question 77

Transmitting data in a telegraph system used _______, a binary encoding system based on dots and dashes.

Question 78

A(n) __________ is a device that uses a low-power radio transmitter to carry out two-way voice communications.

A) cellular telephone
B) radio
C) telegraph
D) television

Question 79

A(n) ___________ is a device that transmits human voices over a distance using cables or airborne signals.

Question 80

___________ refers to transmitting text or symbolic information over long distances without the use of a living carrier, such as a courier.