Deck 14: Physical Development in Adolescence

Question 1

_____ refers to a girl's first menstruation.

A)Adrenarche
B)Menarche
C)Menopause
D)Gonadarche

Answer 1

B
Explanation: Menarche,a girl's first menstruation,comes rather late in the pubertal cycle.

Question 2

_____ is a hormone associated in boys with the development of genitals,an increase in height, and a change in voice.

A)Estradiol
B)Testosterone
C)Oxytocin
D)Progestin

Answer 2

B
Explanation: Testosterone is a hormone associated in boys with the development of genitals,an increase in height,and a change in voice.

Question 3

Which of the following reflects the storm-and-stress portrayal of adolescence?

A)Adolescence is essentially a period of conflicts and mood swings.
B)Adolescence is characterized by a reduced ability to cope with life's stresses.
C)Adolescence essentially involves hostility toward parental and societal standards reflected in the acting out behaviors typical of this stage.
D)Adolescence has the potential for positive outcomes if positive social contexts are present.

Answer 3

C
Explanation: In 1904,G.Stanley Hall proposed the "storm-and-stress" view that adolescence is a turbulent time charged with confl ict and mood swings.

Question 4

The cognitive changes associated with adolescence involve:

A)increased concrete thinking.
B)decreased logical and rational thinking.
C)increased egocentric and idealistic thinking.
D)decreased abstract thinking and decision-making.

Question 5

Which of the following is true with regard to the pituitary gland?

A)The pituitary gland is one of the gonads like testes in males and ovaries in females.
B)The pituitary gland is located above the kidneys.
C)It is the master gland that produces hormones that stimulate other glands.
D)Its functions are restricted to sexual changes in puberty and it does not regulate growth.

Question 6

_____ are powerful chemical substances secreted by the endocrine glands that travel through the bloodstream and play a crucial role in bringing about pubertal changes.

A)Enzymes
B)Hormones
C)Neurotransmitters
D)Serums

Question 7

Which of the followings statements is true with regard to the pubertal growth spurt?

A)During early adolescence,boys tend to outweigh girls and this trend continues throughout the lifespan.
B)The growth spurt occurs approximately two years later for girls than for boys.
C)The mean age at the beginning of the growth spurt 9 and 11 for females and males respectively.
D)By the elementary school years,most boys have caught up or,in many cases,surpassed girls in height.

Question 8

According to Arnett,which of the following characterizes individuals who are in the phase of emerging adulthood?

A)Exploration of one's identity in relation to love
B)Stability in the occupational sphere of one's life
C)Focus on raising a family and looking after aging parents
D)Identification of oneself as a fully functioning adult

Question 9

The socioemotional changes associated with adolescence involve:

A)increased sense of dependence on parents and family.
B)increased mood swings.
C)decreased intimacy in friendships and romantic relationships.
D)reduced conflict and greater sense of agreement and understanding with parents.

Question 10

Who proposed the "storm and stress" view of adolescence?

A)Charles Darwin
B)Jacqueline Lerner
C)G.Stanley Hall
D)B.F.Skinner

Question 11

The structure in the brain that is involved in monitoring eating and sex is the _____.

A)pons
B)thymus
C)hypothalamus
D)adrenal cortex

Question 12

_____ is a type of estrogen that is associated with breast,uterine,and skeletal development in girls.

A)Vasopressin
B)Oxytocin
C)Androgen
D)Etradiol

Question 13

Which of the following pubertal changes in girls would typically occur last?

A)Menarche
B)Breast enlargement
C)Height spurt
D)Growth of pubic hair

Question 14

Which of the following is true with regard to emerging adulthood?

A)Emerging adulthood and young adulthood refer to the identical stage of life.
B)Emerging adulthood is categorized as the lifespan between 20 and 40 years.
C)Experimentation and exploration characterize the emerging adulthood stage of life.
D)This stage is marked by a lack of possibilities to alter the course of one's life.

Question 15

Which of the following pubertal changes in boys would typically occur first?

A)First ejaculation
B)Height spurt
C)Growth of pubic hair
D)Increase in penis and testicle size

Question 16

Which of the following is true with regard to puberty?

A)Puberty and adolescence are identical terms used to refer to a single and sudden incident that characterizes the biological component of adulthood.
B)Adolescence ends long after puberty does.
C)Puberty is a period of rapid physical maturation involving hormonal and bodily changes that occur primarily in early adolescence.
D)The beginning and end of puberty can be specified clearly.

Question 17

The transition from adolescence to adulthood has recently been referred to as _____.

A)precocious adolescence
B)emerging adulthood
C)precocious puberty
D)young adulthood

Question 18

The endocrine system's role in puberty involves the interaction of the:

A)thymus,the pineal gland,and the corpus callosum.
B)hypothalamus,the pituitary gland,and the gonads.
C)pons,the pineal gland,and the pancreatic system.
D)reticular formation and the ductal glands.

Question 19

Hormones that stimulate the testes or ovaries are called _____.

A)gonadotropins
B)vasopressins
C)fibrinogens
D)somatostatins

Question 20

Which of the following aspects of adolescence were emphasized byG.Stanley Hall?

A)Strengths of youth
B)Conflict and mood swings of youth
C)Desirable developmental trajectories of youth
D)Domain-specific competencies of youth

Question 21

One in five U.S.adolescents has a sexually transmitted infection called _____ that is caused by a family of viruses and involves an eruption of sores and blisters.This infection has no known cure but antiviral medications can shorten outbreaks.

A)Syphilis
B)Gonorrhea
C)Genital herpes
D)Chlamydia

Question 22

Which of the following STIs is a bacterial infection?

A)Genital herpes
B)AIDS
C)Syphilis
D)Genital warts

Question 23

In the United states,the average age of menarche:

A)has increased rapidly over the last century.
B)has declined significantly since the mid-nineteenth century.
C)is likely to decrease substantially in the coming decades.
D)has remained unchanged over the last century expect for a slight increase in the incidence of precocious puberty.

Question 24

Which of the following is a contextual factor related to sexual risk taking behaviour?

A)Attention problems
B)Weak self regulation
C)Lower SES
D)High risk proneness

Question 25

Early maturation in girls is associated with:

A)high levels of self-esteem throughout life.
B)high levels of self-efficacy,especially in the adolescent years.
C)high levels of sexual abstinence when compared to late maturing girls.
D)high levels of vulnerability for depression and eating disorders.

Question 26

Which of the following STIs is a viral infection?

A)Gonorrhea
B)Chlamydia
C)Syphilis
D)Genital warts

Question 27

Late maturing boys are likely to _____,when compared to early maturing boys.

A)have a greater advantage in dating relationships in the adolescent period
B)have a shorter time frame during which they must explore life's options
C)have a greater tendency to focus on physical status over career development
D)have a stronger sense of identity by the young adulthood phase of life

Question 28

Which of the following sexually transmitted infections,if untreated,leads to paralysis or even death?

A)Genital herpes
B)Gonorrhea
C)Syphilis
D)Chlamydia

Question 29

The location where fibers connect the brain's left and right hemisphere is known as the _____.

A)optic chiasma
B)hypothalamus
C)amygdala
D)corpus callosum.

Question 30

_____ is caused by a virus which destroys the body's immune system.

A)AIDS
B)Gonorrhea
C)Syphilis
D)Chlamydia

Question 31

Which of the following sexually transmitted infections can be treated with Penicillin?

A)Genital herpes
B)AIDS
C)Syphilis
D)Genital warts

Question 32

Eric recently introduced his partner,John,to his friends at a party.Though they were extremely happy together,John grew concerned that Eric often took ill,especially late into the night,and experienced no relief despite the medications for his persistent cough and frequent bouts of fever.John's fears grew even more intense when the doctor recommended that Eric take the Elisa test.From the scenario,we can infer that Eric has been infected by _____.

A)Genital warts
B)Gonorrhea
C)Syphilis
D)AIDS

Question 33

_____ is the seat of emotions such as anger that matures earlier than the prefrontal Cortex.

A)Pons
B)Cerebellum
C)Amygdala
D)Corpus callosum

Question 34

Which of the following is true with regard to the prefrontal cortex?

A)The prefrontal cortex is the highest level of the frontal lobes involved in reasoning, decision making,and self-control.
B)The prefrontal cortex is completely developed by the stage of preadolescence.
C)Research has shown that adolescents may lack the executive functions required to control behavior when experiencing strong emotions.
D)Research has shown that the amygdala which is the centre of emotion matures substantially after the prefrontal cortex which regulates its functioning.

Question 35

Which of the following is a cognitive factor related to sexual risk taking behaviour?

A)Lower parental monitoring
B)Higher levels of proximity to sexually active peers and siblings
C)Lower levels of maternal communication relating to sex
D)Higher degree of attention problems

Question 36

Amelie Amos is a social worker who specializes in working with adolescents.She has recently been posted to Nelville where the rates of teen pregnancy that have normally been under control,have reflected a three percent rise recently.Amelie has received four plans from her team from which she has to finalize one that will be implemented to reduce the rising levels of teen pregnancy in her district.Which of the following plans would be most effective for this purpose?

A)"Know-your-facts" is a knowledge based plan that will provide teens with a theoretical insight into the pubertal changes they are experiencing.
B)"All-for-abstinence" is a multilevel plan incorporating religious teachings,scientific research,and elements from the social discourse on the immense value of sexual abstinence in adolescence.
C)"Way-to-go" is a one-time plan where teams of social workers will conduct workshops separately for girls and boys to provide them with sex education and samples of contraceptives.
D)"Make your Choice" is a multilevel program combining comprehensive sex education and practical contraceptive usage advice along with a brief about the emergency healthcare options for sexually active adolescents.

Question 37

The current profile of sexual activity of U.S.adolescents reveals that by the _____ grade,a majority of adolescents had reported having experienced a sexual intercourse.

A)ninth
B)tenth
C)eleventh
D)twelfth

Question 38

Which of the following is true with regard to sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?

A)STIs are best controlled by the use of withdrawal as a method of contraception.
B)Birth control pills and implants provide adequate protection from STIs
C)STIs are contracted through any form of sexual contact.
D)All STIs are bacterial infections that can be treated with penicillin and other antibiotics.

Question 39

_____ adolescents engage in sexual intercourse later than adolescents from other ethnic groups.

A)African American
B)Latino
C)Caucasian
D)Asian American

Question 40

AIDS has reached epidemic proportions in _____.

A)Southern Europe
B)Western Europe
C)Australia
D)Sub-Saharan Africa

Question 41

Describe the "storm-and-stress" view of adolescence.Has is it been validated in research on adolescents?

Question 42

What are the physical changes that occur in females during puberty?

Question 43

Bulimia nervosa is characterized by the:

A)restriction of food intake.
B)usage of purgatives and laxatives.
C)preoccupation with numerous dieting strategies.
D)preoccupation with increasing one's weight.

Question 44

Define puberty.

Question 45

Explain the role of testosterone and estradiol in bringing about pubertal changes.

Question 46

Barry and his friends meet up every Saturday night to relax and unwind over a couple of drinks.However,by the end of these parties,where they also do drugs,many of Barry's friends have eight to ten drinks and are completely out of control.This is an example of _____.

A)delirium tremens
B)alcohol withdrawal syndrome
C)binge drinking
D)substance dependence

Question 47

According to Jeffrey Arnett what are the five key features of emerging adulthood?

Question 48

What are the gender differences regarding body image among adolescents?

Question 49

_____ is an eating disorder that involves the relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation.

A)Binge eating disorder
B)Anorexia nervosa
C)Orthorexia nervosa
D)Trichotillomania

Question 50

Briefly explain the emergence of adulthood.

Question 51

Melinda is nearly eighteen years old and her parents are concerned about her.Her parents feel she eats very little,worries too much about her weight,and has undue fears about her appearance.Her weight has dropped from 135 to less than 100 pounds and Melinda's mother is worried about her undertaking strenuous exercises without substantial food intake.Which of the following is the most accurate statement concerning Melinda's situation?

A)Melinda is showing an adolescent's normal preoccupation with her bodily changes.
B)Melinda's preoccupation with her body will stop once she has reached her target weight.
C)Melinda's behavior is showing signs of bulimia nervosa and her parents should be concerned.
D)Melinda's parents are right to be concerned since Melinda is showing signs of anorexia nervosa.

Question 52

What are the physical changes that occur in males during puberty?

Question 53

Which of the following represent the three major causes of death among American adolescents?

A)Accidents,homicide,and suicide
B)Obesity and AIDS
C)Cancer,type 2 diabetes,and suicide
D)AIDS and other contagious diseases

Question 54

_____ is an eating disorder in which the individual consistently follows a binge and- purge eating pattern.

A)Bulimia nervosa
B)Diabulimia
C)Anorexia nervosa
D)Polyphagia

Question 55

How do the sex glands,work?

Question 56

Research has found that adolescents' biological clocks undergo a shift as they grow older.This shift seems to be caused by a delay in the nightly release of _____.

A)serotonin
B)melatonin
C)epinephrine
D)vasopressin

Question 57

Explain the pattern of the pubertal growth spurt in boys and girls.

Question 58

Which of the following statements is true regarding anorexia nervosa?

A)Anorexics weigh less than 85 percent of what is considered normal for their age and height.
B)Anorexia typically begins in young adulthood and occurs equally in males and females.
C)The intense fear of weight gain experienced by anorexics dissipates with minimal weight loss.
D)The symptoms of anorexia differ across genders with males reporting substantially less dissatisfaction with body image.

Question 59

Alice was the youngest of three children raised by an authoritarian father.Alice's mother left them when she was ten and Alice had managed to function well despite coming from a broken home.When she was sixteen,her boyfriend of three years ended their relationship abruptly.Alice grew convinced that he had left her as she was not appealing enough and began to diet extensively.Her school performance dropped,she grew uncomfortable around friends,and became painfully thin.Meatimes at Alice's home were not fixed and her siblings and father often ate outside and failed to notice that she would hardly eat throughout the day.From the information provided in the scenario,we can say that:

A)Alice smokes and drinks excessively.
B)Alice often takes high doses of prescription drugs.
C)Alice is suffering from anorexia nervosa.
D)Alice is overweight and at high risk for many lifestyle diseases.

Question 60

Dora's parents and Abby,her sister,have been noticing how Dora has started spending a long time in the bathroom immediately after meals.Dora's sister suspects Dora forces herself into vomiting the food she has just eaten but Dora's mother refuses to believe her daughter has an eating disorder.She proves Abby wrong by pointing to how Dora has always been a healthy eater and eats a good amount during meals.From the information provided in the scenario,we can infer that Dora is _____.

A)obese
B)bulimic
C)anorexic
D)phobic

Question 61

Explain the role of melatonin in sleep regulation in older adolescents.

Question 62

Discuss the benefits and problems associated with early and late maturation for girls.

Question 63

Discuss the benefits and problems associated with early and late maturation for boys.

Question 64

Describe two adolescent eating disorders and the characteristics of individuals with each disorder.

Question 65

Describe the development of an adolescent's sexual identity.

Question 66

Briefly explain two contextual and cognitive factors related to sexual risk taking in adolescence.

Question 67

Describe AIDS and its treatment options.

Question 68

Briefly describe sexually transmitted infections.

Question 69

Explain the role of parents and peers in preventing adolescent drug abuse.

Question 70

What are the leading causes of death in adolescence?