Question 1

Which of the following laws established programs for provision of health services for women and children and supported community-oriented nursing practice?&#10;A) Early Periodic Screening and Developmental Testing (EPSDT) Initiative&#10;B) Healthy People 2000 Initiative&#10;C) Sheppard-Towner Act&#10;D) State Child Health Improvement Act (SCHIP)

Accepted Answer

The Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921 played an important role in the development of public health policy,public health nursing,and social welfare policy.Of particular importance was the fact that it established standards for programs to serve women and children and made nurses available to provide these services in the community setting.Within the Sheppard-Towner Act was a provision to start the EPSDT initiative.SCHIP provides insurance for children and families who cannot otherwise afford health insurance.Healthy People 2000 focuses on promoting health and preventing disease for all Americans.

Question 2

A nurse is advocating for the public health department to increase the number of public health nurses that it employs.Which of the following factors should the nurse emphasize?&#10;A) Providing disease investigation training&#10;B) Providing research opportunities&#10;C) Providing leadership experiences&#10;D) Providing salaries commensurate with responsibilities

Accepted Answer

Through the input of the Division of Nursing's National Advisory Council for Nursing Education and Practice (NACNEP),the Division of Nursing sets policy for nursing nationally.A few of the factors indicated by the NACNEP that need to be in place to support the public health nurse role are competitive salaries commensurate with responsibilities,experience in health promotion and prevention,long-term trusting relationships in the community,and a commitment to social justice and eliminating health disparities.The Division of Nursing's National Advisory Council for Nursing Education and Practice (NACNEP)did not emphasize the importance of providing disease investigation training,research opportunities,or leadership experiences.

Question 3

Which of the following statements best describes the law in relation to clinical practice by nursing students?&#10;A) Students are considered certified until licensure is obtained.&#10;B) Students are expected to meet the same standard of care as the professional nurse.&#10;C) Students are not legally liable for errors because they practice under the license of their instructor.&#10;D) Students have a scope of practice determined by the nurse practice act.

Accepted Answer

Nursing students need to be aware that the same laws and rules that govern the professional nurse apply to them as well.Students are expected to meet the same standard of care as that met by any licensed nurse practicing under the same or similar circumstances.Although it is true that students cannot practice outside the scope of practice determined by the nurse practice act,they also cannot perform the tasks and responsibilities of the licensed practitioner within the scope of practice until they have received adequate knowledge; therefore,the scope of practice for the student is determined by the instructor,based on the student's level of education.

Question 4

Which of the following best defines the word politics?&#10;A) The art of influencing others&#10;B) The outcome of governmental policies&#10;C) A provision of power for making decisions&#10;D) The result of legislative action

Accepted Answer

Politics is the art of influencing others to accept a specific course of action.Political action results in governmental policies and legislation.The result of legislative action typically is done in the form of laws and policies.The provision of power for making decisions is typically assumed by the government.

Question 5

Which of the following best describe the importance of the World Health Organization (WHO)to the United States?&#10;A) Provides daily information on disease occurrences.&#10;B) Establishes international standards for antibiotics and vaccines.&#10;C) Creates international legislation regarding international cooperation.&#10;D) Supports national programs to fight disease.

Accepted Answer

Some WHO services that benefit all countries (including the United States)are providing day-to-day information service on the occurrence of internationally important diseases; publishing the international list of causes of disease,injury,and death; monitoring adverse reactions to drugs; and establishing international standards for antibiotics and vaccines.Individual countries can request assistance with strengthening the delivery of health services,supporting national programs to fight disease,and training health workers-which the United States does not.WHO can suggest but cannot legislate to individual countries.

Question 6

Which of the following statements by a client indicates a lack of understanding regarding an appropriate reason to sue for professional negligence?&#10;A) &#34;Because the health care workers didn't turn my mother every 2 hours, she developed bedsores.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I received permanent nerve damage because they would not remove a cast that was too tight.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;My daughter wasn't given a call light, and for a whole shift no one checked on her condition.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;They amputated the wrong leg during surgery.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Professional negligence,or malpractice,is defined as an act (or failure to act)that leads to injury.All of the choices specify an injury,except for "My daughter wasn't given a call light,and for a whole shift no one checked on her condition," in which case the care was substandard but no injury resulted.The incorrect responses all specify an injury whereas professional negligence,or malpractice,is defined as an act (or failure to act)that leads to injury.

Question 7

Which of the following activities is completed by the executive branch of the federal government?&#10;A) Administration of policy&#10;B) Interpretation of policy&#10;C) Proposal of policy&#10;D) Passage of policy

Accepted Answer

The executive branch administers and regulates policy.The legislative branch proposes policy (as bills)and passes policy (as laws).The judicial branch interprets laws.

Question 8

A bill with the potential to decrease health care services is passed by Congress.Which of the following actions should the nurse take to influence the bill's implications?&#10;A) Exercise veto power by calling for petitions from health care agencies.&#10;B) Contact the regulatory agency and participate in public hearings.&#10;C) Call members of congress to request that they rescind the legislation that was passed.&#10;D) Discuss the change in services with the administrators at the hospital.

Accepted Answer

Once a bill is passed and becomes law,it is too late to influence congressional members to change their vote; however,it is not too late to influence the outcome of the vote because the nurse can influence how the law is regulated.An agency typically writes the regulations that control how the law is implemented in more specific detail.Often this process can be just as important as lobbying against a bill because it shapes the final implementation of the law.Health care agencies do not have the ability to veto a bill.After a bill has been passed it is too late to contact members of congress.Calling the hospital will not change the implications of the bill.Contact must be made with the regulatory agency in order to influence how the law is regulated.

Question 9

Which of the following statements best describes why the federal government has become involved in health care?&#10;A) The states asked the federal level to become involved.&#10;B) Because of rising costs to the states, the federal budget needed to be used to pay for necessary services.&#10;C) The Constitution gives the federal government the power to promote the general welfare.&#10;D) This step was necessary to standardize care on a national level.

Accepted Answer

One of the first constitutional challenges to a federal law passed by Congress was in the area of health and welfare in 1937.The Supreme Court (judicial branch)reviewed the legislation in question and determined,through interpretation of the Constitution,that such federal governmental action was within the powers of Congress to promote the general welfare.According to Article I,Section 8 of the U.S.Constitution Congress has multiple roles in relation to health care: provide for the general welfare,regulate commerce among the states,raise funds to support the military,and provide spending power.Thus,Congress was within its role to become involed in health care and was not asked to do so by the states or used to standardize care on the national level.

Question 10

A nurse is determining whether a hospital has the right to require infected patients to be isolated against their will.To which type of law will the nurse refer?&#10;A) Common law&#10;B) Constitutional law&#10;C) Legislation and regulation&#10;D) Judicial law

Accepted Answer

Constitutional law provides the right to intervene in a reasonable manner to protect the health,safety,and welfare of the citizenry.State power concerning health care is called police power.This power allows states to act to protect the health,safety,and welfare of their citizens.The state must show that it has a compelling interest in taking actions,especially actions that might infringe on individual rights.The state can isolate an individual to prevent an epidemic,even though this infringes on individual rights.The community's rights are deemed more important than the individual's rights when there is a threat to the health of the public.Judicial law,based on court and jury decisions,and the principles of common law (precedent,justice,fairness,respect for an individual's autonomy,and self-determination)are both used by court's as the basis to make a decision and do not relate to having the right to isolate a patient.Legislation is law that comes formthe legislative branches of the government and regulations are specific statements of law related to defining or implanting individual pieces of legislation.Neither are as important in this case as the constitutional law of the police power of the states in regards to isolation of a patient.

Question 11

Who is responsible for determining the scope of practice for registered nurses?&#10;A) American Nurses Association&#10;B) Federal legislators&#10;C) State legislators&#10;D) US Department of Health and Human Services

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who is responsible for determining the scope...

Question 12

Which of the following activities are the responsibilities of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)?&#10;A) Conduct research to enhance disease prevention.&#10;B) Detect and investigate infectious disease problems.&#10;C) Develop and advocate public health policies.&#10;D) Publish national goals for promoting health and preventing disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following activities are the...

Question 13

What was the significance of the 1979 Surgeon General's report?&#10;A) It planned the goals and priorities for the entire Veterans Administration medical system.&#10;B) It vastly increased funding for health promotion activities.&#10;C) It identified the use of tobacco as a cause of lung cancer.&#10;D) It created national goals for promoting health and preventing disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the significance of the 1979...

Question 14

A client states to the nurse,&#34;I have heard the Affordable Care Act is supposed to help improve the health care I receive,but so far I have seen no benefits from this legislation.&#34; Which of the following statements would be the best reply by the nurse?&#10;A) &#34;Maybe you have not directly seen the changes; however, several things have changed in health care because of this bill.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;It will take years to see any effects from the act because of the delays in implementation of the changes.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;This legislation will primarily improve care for the elderly and poor populations, so this is why you may not have seen any benefits.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;The way health care operates at the federal and state levels has changed, so most individuals will not see any direct impact.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client states to the nurse,&#34;I have...

Question 15

A nurse is visiting a state legislator to encourage the legislator to vote for a particular health bill that the state nurses association has endorsed.Which of the following actions would be most important for the nurse to complete?

A) Allow the legislator or staff to ask questions.
B) Be friendly and engage in small talk so that rapport can be established.
C) Be aware that legislators are well informed; don't insult the legislator by stating information that is obvious.
D) Have a handout that summarizes all the major points in support of the bill.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is visiting a state legislator...

Question 16

The state board of nursing has written new regulations to clarify in a more concrete manner what the nurse practice act allows and requires.Which of the following effects will this change have on nurses in this state?

A) None, because they are just helpful guidelines for maximum safety
B) None, because they just give specifics that may change over time
C) Major, because prudent nurses would follow such regulations
D) Major, because these rules and regulations have the effect of law and must be obeyed

Accepted Answer

The answer of The state board of nursing has written...

Question 17

A nurse meets with a senator to lobby for passage of a bill to increase funding for interpreter services.With which of the following branches of the government is the nurse working?&#10;A) Constitutional branch of government&#10;B) Executive branch of government&#10;C) Legislative branch of government&#10;D) Judicial branch of government

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse meets with a senator to...

Question 18

A nurse wishes to see a bill passed to support funding for the use of interpreters for clients with limited English proficiency.Which of the following would be the best time for the nurse to request support from the local senator,who is not on the committee that is reviewing this bill?

A) When the bill is first assigned to a committee
B) When the bill is discussed and debated within the committee
C) When the bill moves out of committee to be heard by the entire Senate
D) When the bill passes the Senate and moves to the House of Representatives

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse wishes to see a bill...

Question 19

Which of the following describe the significance of the passage of The Public Health Threats and Emergencies Act?&#10;A) It funded ongoing activities of the public health system.&#10;B) It led to improved water quality and food safety guidelines.&#10;C) It included funding for public health activities.&#10;D) It validated that the public health system was prepared for terrorism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following describe the significance...

Question 20

Which of the following agencies has the most influence on the health and welfare of US citizens?&#10;A) Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)&#10;B) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)&#10;C) US Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS)&#10;D) World Health Organization (WHO)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following agencies has the...

Question 21

A nurse is testifying at a committee meeting about a health bill.Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?&#10;A) Briefly describe personal education, experience, and expertise in the area.&#10;B) Discuss how the bill affects more than just nurses.&#10;C) Include factual data and, if possible, statistical information in visual form.&#10;D) Include the names of famous persons in the media who agree with you.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is testifying at a committee...

Question 22

A nurse would like to become involved in political action.Which of the following actions would be most appropriate for the nurse to accomplish this goal?&#10;A) Become a member of the state nurses association.&#10;B) Be friendly with everyone, whether supportive or not of your ideas.&#10;C) Don't expend time on local activities but ask to be appointed on the state level.&#10;D) Focus all your efforts on your specialty practice area and your employment site act.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse would like to become involved...

Deck 7: Government, The Law, and Policy Activism