Question 1

Any item,piece of equipment,or product system,whether acquired commercially,off the shelf,modified,or customized,that is used to increase or improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities is the definition of _____________________.

A) Adaptive equipment
B) Assistive device
C) Assistive technology
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Assistive technology is defined as any item,piece of equipment,or product system,whether acquired commercially,off the shelf,modified,or customized,that is used to increase or improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities.The terms assistive technology,adaptive equipment,and assistive devices are generally used interchangeably throughout the profession.

Question 2

The use of a wrist-driven flexor hinge splint may benefit a client with muscle function from spinal cord levels __________.&#10;A) C6&#10;B) C5&#10;C) C4&#10;D) A and B

Accepted Answer

Clients with muscle function from C6 may benefit from the use of a wrist-driven flexor hinge hand splint.

Question 3

An occupational therapist is working with a client who has an impaired right upper extremity resulting from a lower motor neuron dysfunction.What is a common problem that the therapist will have to address?

A) Speech disorders
B) Impaired ability to learn and perform
C) Difficulty with motor planning
D) Reduction of work speed and dexterity

Accepted Answer

Reduce glare by having adjustable blinds,sheer curtains,or tinted windows.Wearing dark glasses indoors may also reduce glare.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of an instrumental ADL (IADL)?&#10;A) Care of others&#10;B) Functional mobility&#10;C) Toilet hygiene&#10;D) Bowel and bladder management

Accepted Answer

Box 10-1 Activities in ADL and IADL
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)
Care of others

Question 5

The occupational therapist is working with a client who has pain and weakness in her hands as a result of moderate to severe arthritis.To increase functional independence,the client may use which of the following?

A) Plate guards or scoop dishes
B) A commercially available sock aid
C) An extended handle reacher
D) Lever-type doorknob extensions

Accepted Answer

Lever-type doorknob extensions,car door openers,and adapted key holders can compensate for hand limitations.

Question 6

Which of the following is the main technique used for a client with limited joint range of movement (ROM)to perform ADLs?&#10;A) Compensatory strategy involving changing the method in which an activity is performed&#10;B) Changing the environment where the activity is performed&#10;C) Using an assistive device for the activity&#10;D) Treatment including remediation

Accepted Answer

The major problem for persons with limited joint ROM is compensating for the lack of reach and joint excursion through such means as environmental adaptation and assistive devices.

Question 7

The most commonly used methods to teach clients who have perceptual problems,poor memory,and difficulty following directions include all but which of the following?&#10;A) Brief demonstration and oral instruction&#10;B) Concrete step-by-step approach and instruction&#10;C) Backward chaining&#10;D) Activity performance along with the therapist

Accepted Answer

The client who is alert and grasps instructions quickly may be able to perform an entire process after a brief demonstration and oral instruction.Clients who have perceptual problems,poor memory,and difficulty following instructions of any kind need a more concrete,step-by-step approach,with the amount of assistance reduced gradually as success is achieved.

Question 8

An occupational therapist is working with a client who has an impaired right upper extremity resulting from a lower motor neuron dysfunction.What is a common problem that the therapist will have to address?

A) Speech disorders
B) Impaired ability to learn and perform
C) Difficulty with motor planning
D) Reduction of work speed and dexterity

Accepted Answer

The client with hemiplegia (caused by central nervous system dysfunction)needs specialized teaching,and many such clients have greater difficulty performing one-handed skills than do individuals with orthopedic problems or those with lower motor neuron dysfunction.The major problems for the one-handed worker are reduction of work speed and dexterity and stabilization to substitute for the role normally assumed by the nondominant arm.The major problems for the individual with hemiplegia are balance and precautions relative to sensory,perceptual,and cognitive losses.

Question 9

Stabilizing an extremity to reduce incoordination and enable a client to perform activities of daily living (ADLs)is a common practice for clients with which of the following conditions?&#10;A) Rheumatoid arthritis&#10;B) Central nervous system (CNS) disorders&#10;C) Temporary orthopedic disorders such as fractures&#10;D) Quadriplegia

Accepted Answer

Incoordination in the form of tremors,ataxia,or athetoid or choreiform movements can be caused by a variety of CNS disorders.Stabilizing the arm reduces some of the incoordination and may allow the individual to accomplish gross and fine motor movements without assistive devices.

Question 10

IADL skills needed for client safety and independence alone at home include all but which of the following?&#10;A) The ability to retrieve a simple meal&#10;B) The ability to ambulate independently&#10;C) The ability to employ safety precautions&#10;D) The ability to take medications.

Accepted Answer

If a client will be home alone,there are several basic ADL and IADL skills needed for safety and independence.Minimal IADL skills required to stay at home alone include the ability to prepare or retrieve a simple meal,employ safety precautions and exhibit good judgment,take medications,and get emergency aid if needed.

Deck 11: Activities of Daily Living