Deck 28: Eating and Swallowing

Question 1

The hypoglossal nerve (XII)is active during what stages of the swallow?

A) Oral preparatory and pharyngeal stages
B) Oral preparatory and oral stages
C) Oral and pharyngeal stages
D) Pharyngeal and esophageal stages

Answer 1

B

Question 2

An individual who has moderate to severe oral stage dysphagia and who has a reduced ability to protect the airway would benefit from beginning oral feedings with which food consistency?

A) Puréed (Level 1)
B) Mechanically soft (Level 2)
C) Dysphagia advanced (Level 3)
D) Only thin liquids

Answer 2

A

Question 3

To protect the airway during the swallow,an individual must have the following with the exception of _________________.

A) Intact palatal reflex
B) Elevation of the larynx
C) Productive cough
D) Full dentition

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Videofluoroscopy is an example of what type of swallowing assessment?

A) Oral motor assessment
B) Bedside sensory assessment
C) Instrumental assessment
D) Clinical assessment

Question 5

What is the cause of aspiration that occurs after the swallow has taken place?

A) Poor tongue control of the bolus
B) Delayed initiation of the swallow, and the bolus enters the airway
C) Reduced laryngeal closure, allowing the bolus to enter the airway
D) Pooled material in the pyriform sinuses overflows into the trachea

Question 6

During which phase of the swallow is there closure of the glottic and supraglottic structures to cover the airway and provide protection from aspiration?

A) Pre-oral
B) Oral
C) Pharyngeal
D) Esophageal

Question 7

A wet or gurgly vocal quality after an individual swallows is indicative of what?

A) Poor vocal fold control when talking
B) Poor respiratory support and a weak voice
C) Material collecting in the larynx
D) Nasal congestion

Question 8

Mattias is a 65-year-old man who experienced a right cerebrovascular accident resulting in left hemiplegia and dysphagia.During the occupational therapy assessment,Mattias had difficulties with chewing and swallowing of textured foods.He had frequent episodes of coughing and pocketing of food in the left cheek.He complains that he chokes on certain foods,including water.During the assessment Mattias's vocal quality was consistently clear,and no raspiness or gurgly quality was noted before,during,or after eating.These clinical signs indicate problems with which stages of the swallow?

A) Oral preparatory and esophageal stages
B) Oral preparatory and oral stages
C) Pharyngeal and esophageal stages
D) Esophageal and oral stages

Question 9

Mattias is concerned about his frequent drooling and difficulties controlling the food bolus within his mouth.His daughter's wedding is in 4 weeks,and he does not want to embarrass himself or his family by drooling or choking on food or liquids.Which strategies would be most appropriate?

A) His wife uses a side handgrip on Mattias to improve his head control, and he should only eat crumbly foods.
B) Mattias should frequently pat his mouth during the meal and alternate between cold and hot foods.
C) Mattias should lean back in his chair while eating to avoid drooling.
D) Mattias should only eat pureed foods and thin liquids while at the wedding.

Question 10

During a swallowing evaluation the tongue is noted to be retracted.What would typically be the reason for tongue retraction?

A) Abnormal tone or loss of range of motion as a result of soft-tissue shortening
B) The oral cavity is too large and makes the tongue appear retracted within the oral cavity
C) The tongue is abnormally small for the oral cavity
D) Protective response seen with a hyperactive gag