Deck 33: Orthotics

Question 1

When the occupational therapist is deciding which splint style and design to choose,the individual needs of the client must be considered.The therapist should consider all of the following except __________________.

A) Cognitive ability to don and apply the splint correctly
B) Ability of the caretaker to assist with applying the splint
C) Sensory dysfunction and fragile skin
D) Constant full time wear for optimal results
E) Compliance with the therapy program

Answer 1

D
Although some splints need to be worn full time,not every splint needs to be worn full time.Clients may wear different splints for day and night to allow function.If the client is unable to comply with the splint program because of attitude,cognitive deficits,or motor issues,other treatment options should be considered.

Question 2

To increase range of motion before application of a splint,the occupational therapist should __________________.

A) Apply ice to the joint
B) Apply heat to the joint
C) Have the client complete an aerobic activity
D) All of the above
E) Only A and B

Answer 2

B
The effectiveness of splinting to increased range of motion can be increased greatly by application of a heat modality before applying the splint.

Question 3

Splints applied after a surgical procedure may require all but which of the following?

A) Frequent adjustments because of edema changes
B) Frequent adjustments because of bandage changes
C) Splinting materials without memory
D) Adaptations for surgical wound sites
E) Preferences of the surgeon

Answer 3

C
Splinting materials with memory will allow frequent remolding while keeping their thickness and strength.

Question 4

All but which of the following are static splints?

A) Phoenix outrigger
B) Resting pan splint
C) Oval-8 ring splint
D) Figure-eight splint
E) Dorsal wrist splint

Question 5

Tenodesis is the reciprocal motion of wrist and fingers that occurs during what action?

A) Wrist extension producing finger extension
B) Wrist flexion producing finger extension
C) Wrist extension producing finger flexion
D) Both A and B
E) Both B and C

Question 6

What is the term for a static splint that is fabricated and repeatedly adjusted to allow for slow progressive gains in joint end range of motion?

A) Dynamic traction
B) Static traction
C) Serial static traction
D) Static progressive traction
E) Progressive serial traction

Question 7

Semiflexible splints can be made from which of the following materials?

A) Neoprene
B) Thin thermoplastics
C) Cotton duck and elastics
D) Both A and C
E) All of the above

Question 8

In a forearm-based splint the trim lines should extend two thirds the length of the forearm,and the width of the forearm trough should reach _______________.

A) Two thirds around the width of the forearm
B) To the midline of the forearm
C) One third around the width of the forearm
D) Higher on the lateral, versus medial, side of the splint
E) None of the above

Question 9

Force is often applied by a splint by three points of pressure.If a splint has two points of pressure,one above and one below the involved joint,the third point is often near or close to the joint.The amount of pressure at that third point is _____________.

A) Less than the sum of the other two points
B) More than the sum of the other two points
C) Equal to the sum of the other two points
D) The same amount as each of the other two points
E) The same amount as the proximal point

Question 10

The preferred minimal shoulder flexion and abduction range of motion to use an MAS is _________________.

A) 20 degrees
B) 45 degrees
C) 90 degrees
D) 120 degrees
E) 150 degrees

Question 11

Clients with which condition would likely not be appropriate candidates for an MAS?

A) Cervical spinal cord injury
B) Cerebral palsy
C) Poliomyelitis
D) Muscular dystrophy
E) Guillain-Barré syndrome

Question 12

It is important in dynamic splinting to have a 90-degree line of pull to ____________.

A) Prevent shortening of the lever arm applied to the joint
B) Encourage shortening of the lever arm applied to the joint
C) Encourage joint compression
D) Avoid frequent adjustments
E) Encourage joint distraction

Question 13

The distal transverse arch of the hand lies obliquely to the ___________.

A) Proximal interphalangeal joints of digits 2 through 5
B) Metacarpal joint of the thumb
C) Distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2 through 5
D) Wrist carpal bones
E) Metacarpal heads of digits 2 through 5

Question 14

The amount of force applied in dynamic splinting can be measured with a gauge and should generally be between _________.

A) 700 and 800 grams
B) 600 and 700 grams
C) 300 and 600 grams
D) 100 and 300 grams
E) 50 and 100 grams

Question 15

Which is not true about a suspension arm support?

A) Can be used as a precursor to a MAS
B) Lacks fine adjustments possible with a MAS
C) Uses a spring
D) Uses wrist and elbow suspension slings
E) Can be attached to an over-bed frame

Question 16

A wrist splint that needs to allow full motion of digits should be trimmed _____________.

A) Distal to the metacarpophalangeal creases
B) Proximal to the metacarpophalangeal creases
C) Proximal to the proximal interphalangeal creases
D) Distal to the proximal interphalangeal creases
E) Distal to the wrist creases

Question 17

Splinting materials have specific handling characteristics depending on the type of material chosen.A material that has good conformability or drape should be chosen when _________________.

A) Splinting a person who is not cooperative during the splint fabrication
B) Making a dynamic splint that requires a base with good conformability
C) Making a large splint around an elbow
D) It must be reheated for several splint applications and will have to return to its original shape
E) It must be handled aggressively, such as when applying stretch to a joint

Question 18

Which is not true about a MAS?

A) Assists motion through linkage of ball-bearing joints
B) Compensates for proximal weakness in upper extremities
C) Allows for occupational performance
D) Can be used for therapeutic exercise
E) Adjustments require very little training to make

Question 19

When a splint is being fabricated,all of the following apply except which of the following?

A) The water temperature should be 180°.
B) Cut the material with long, even strokes to avoid jagged edges.
C) Position the forearm so that gravity can help with the initial molding.
D) Heat and smooth any rough edges.
E) Consider placing straps at an angle for pressure distribution.

Question 20

Which is considered a "special part" used for a mobile arm support (MAS)?

A) Distal arm
B) Proximal arm
C) Semireclining mount
D) Outside rocker arm assembly
E) Forearm support