Question 1

&#160;The term &#34;selective incorporation&#34; refers to the process by which&#160;&#10;A)&#160;Congress has applied the Bill of Rights to the federal government.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;Congress has applied the Bill of Rights to the states.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;the Supreme Court has applied the Bill of Rights to the federal government.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;the Supreme Court has applied the Bill of Rights to the states.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;None of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

Selective incorporation is the process by which the Supreme Court has applied the Bill of Rights to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause. This means that certain protections in the Bill of Rights that were originally intended to apply only to the federal government now apply to the states as well.

Question 2

&#160;In 2007,the Supreme Court allowed a school principal to punish a student for displaying a flag saying &#34;Bong Hits 4 Jesus&#34; because&#160;&#10;A)&#160;the Court held that it was not within the student's freedom of speech to treat the flag in that manner.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;the Court held that the language incited unruly behavior.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;the Court held that the language harmed a religion.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;the Court held that the language endorsed drug use.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;None of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

The Court held that the language endorsed drug use and therefore the school principal had the right to punish the student for promoting illegal drug use while under school supervision. The case was Morse v. Frederick, also known as the "Bong Hits 4 Jesus" case.

Question 3

&#160;Senator Joseph McCarthy became a powerful policy entrepreneur by claiming that&#160;&#10;A)&#160;the Japanese posed a West Coast security threat.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;hippies were undermining Christianity.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;communists had infiltrated the government.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;homosexuals were transmitting AIDS to heterosexuals.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;secular humanists were indoctrinating educators.

Accepted Answer

Senator Joseph McCarthy gained power by making the claim that communists had infiltrated the US government. This claim led to a series of investigations and public hearings in the 1950s, known as the "Red Scare," which resulted in many people being blacklisted and losing their jobs. McCarthy's tactics and accusations became known as McCarthyism.

Question 4

&#160;Which term best describes the manner in which the Supreme Court has applied the Bill of Rights to the&#160;states?&#160;&#10;A)&#160;Incorporation&#160;&#10;B)&#160;Selective incorporation&#160;&#10;C)&#160;Complete incorporation&#160;&#10;D)&#160;Consecutive incorporation&#160;&#10;E)&#160;Minimal incorporation

Accepted Answer

Selective incorporation is the term that best describes the manner in which the Supreme Court has applied the Bill of Rights to the states. This means that the Court has selectively applied certain protections from the Bill of Rights to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause. Not all rights have been incorporated and the process has occurred gradually over time.

Question 5

&#160;Which of the following amendments in the Bill of Rights applies to the states?&#160;&#10;A)&#160;The right not to have soldiers forcibly quartered in private homes (Third Amendment).&#160;&#10;B)&#160;The right to be indicted by a grand jury before being tried for a serious crime (Fifth Amendment).&#160;&#10;C)&#160;The right to legal counsel (Sixth Amendment).&#160;&#10;D)&#160;The right to a jury trial in civil cases (Seventh Amendment).&#160;&#10;E)&#160;The ban on excessive bail and fines (Eighth Amendment).

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Which of the following amendments in the...

Question 6

&#160;The Bill of Rights has come to apply to the states through the interpretation of&#160;&#10;A)&#160;the Fourteenth Amendment.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;the Tenth Amendment.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;the commerce clause.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;Article III.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;the necessary and proper clause.

Accepted Answer

The Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause has been interpreted by the Supreme Court to extend most protections of the Bill of Rights to the states, a process known as incorporation.

Question 7

&#160;The crackdown that came to be known as the Red Scare was the enforcement of which legislation?&#160;&#10;A)&#160;The Sedition Act of 1798.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;The Espionage and Sedition Acts of 1917-1918.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;The Smith Act of 1940.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;The Internal Security Act of 1950.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;The Communist Control Act of 1954.

Accepted Answer

The Red Scare was a period of intense anti-communist hysteria that swept the United States in the 1920s and again in the 1950s. The enforcement of the Red Scare in the 1950s was largely due to the Espionage and Sedition Acts of 1917-1918, which were used to suppress dissent and target suspected communists and other radicals. The Smith Act of 1940 and the Internal Security Act of 1950 were also used to suppress communism, but the Espionage and Sedition Acts were the primary legislation used during the Red Scare. The Communist Control Act of 1954 was passed during the Red Scare period but was more of a symbolic act that did not have significant enforcement measures.

Question 8

&#160;In 1833,the Supreme Court decided that the Bill of Rights restricted&#160;&#10;A)&#160;both the federal and state governments.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;state governments only.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;the federal government only.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;both the federal and state governments except when overruled by state constitutions.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;None of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

In 1833, the Supreme Court, in the case of Barron v. Baltimore, decided that the Bill of Rights restricted the federal government only, not the state governments. This interpretation held that the protections afforded by the Bill of Rights did not apply to actions taken by state governments against individuals.

Question 9

&#160;In passing the Sedition Act of 1798,the Federalists were fearful that Thomas Jefferson and his party&#160;would&#160;&#10;A)&#160;support the French Revolution.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;support better relations with England.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;restrict freedoms of speech and the press.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;jail French sympathizers.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;ban all trade.

Accepted Answer

The Federalists passed the Sedition Act of 1798 partly because they were fearful that Thomas Jefferson and his party would support the French Revolution, which was seen as a threat to the stability and security of the United States at the time.

Question 10

&#160;Conflicts in civil liberties often arise because&#160;&#10;A)&#160;majoritarian politics is ineffective in resolving crises.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;the U.S. Constitution is vague on issues of individual rights.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;the Bill of Rights lists several competing rights.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;policy entrepreneurs rarely operate in the civil rights area.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;the Supreme Court has refused to play a leading role in the interpretation of the First Amendment.

Accepted Answer

Conflicts in civil liberties often arise because the Bill of Rights lists several competing rights. For example, the right to free speech may conflict with the right to a fair trial or the right to privacy. These conflicts can be difficult to resolve and can lead to contentious debates and court cases.

Question 11

&#160;A person treating the U.S.flag contemptuously is&#160;&#10;A)&#160;subject to conviction in federal court.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;subject to conviction in state court.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;subject to conviction in municipal court.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;protected by Fourth Amendment rights.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;protected by the right to exercise free speech.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;A person treating the U.S.flag contemptuously is&#160;&#10;A)&#160;subject...

Question 12

&#160;In Palko v.Connecticut (1937),the Supreme Court broadly ruled that certain provisions of the U.S.Constitution's Bill of Rights applied to the states because of&#160;&#10;A)&#160;the notion of a reasonable person.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;the shock-the-conscience test.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;a rational basis standard.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;the due process and equal protection clauses.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;the notions of ordered liberty and fundamental rights.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;In Palko v.Connecticut (1937),the Supreme Court broadly...

Question 13

&#160;Which immigrant group is most closely associated with the drive for bilingual education?&#160;&#10;A)&#160;Southeast Asians&#160;&#10;B)&#160;Hispanics&#160;&#10;C)&#160;Africans&#160;&#10;D)&#160;Eastern Europeans&#160;&#10;E)&#160;Germans

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Which immigrant group is most closely associated...

Question 14

&#160;The Sedition Act of 1798 was motivated by fears that&#160;&#10;A)&#160;the new government would not hold if criticism by the press was unchecked.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;Federalists would try to recreate the French Revolution in the United States.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;Thomas Jefferson would try to recreate the French Revolution in the United States.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;the new government would not hold if Supreme Court powers were unchecked.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;All of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The Sedition Act of 1798 was motivated...

Question 15

&#160;Oliver Wendell Holmes,the Supreme Court justice who famously compared unpopular political speech to falsely shouting &#34;Fire!&#34; in a theater,ultimately came to believe that&#160;&#10;A)&#160;unpopular political speech is actually more dangerous than shouting &#34;Fire!&#34; in a theater, so the comparison was inapt.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;neither unpopular political speech nor shouting &#34;Fire!&#34; in a theater is actually all that dangerous.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;unpopular political speech is as dangerous as falsely shouting &#34;Fire!&#34; in a theater, but the two offenses should be punished differently.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;unpopular political speech is as dangerous as falsely shouting &#34;Fire!&#34; in a theater, but shouting &#34;Fire!&#34; in a theater is in fact protected by the Constitution.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;unpopular political speech is not actually as dangerous as falsely shouting &#34;Fire!&#34; in a theater.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Oliver Wendell Holmes,the Supreme Court justice who...

Question 16

&#160;The earliest immigrant group to arrive in large numbers and thus alter the scope of civil rights issues consisted of&#160;&#10;A)&#160;Mexican Hispanics.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;Hispanics from other Latin American countries.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;Irish Catholics.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;Southeast Asians.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;German Protestants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The earliest immigrant group to arrive in...

Question 17

&#160;The Gitlow case of 1925 established the position that&#160;&#160;&#10;A)&#160;the rights to a lawyer and a trial by jury were protected from infringements by state action.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;the rights to a lawyer and a trial by jury were protected from infringements by federal action.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;the freedoms of speech and of the press were protected from infringements by state action.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;the freedoms of speech and of the press were protected from infringements by federal action.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;All of these are correct.&#160;

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The Gitlow case of 1925 established the...

Question 18

&#160;A civil liberty is a right to be free of __________ interference.&#160;&#10;A)&#160;other people's&#160;&#10;B)&#160;secular&#160;&#10;C)&#160;religious&#160;&#10;D)&#160;foreign&#160;&#10;E)&#160;government

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;A civil liberty is a right to...

Question 19

&#160;Usually,the Supreme Court has reacted to wartime curtailments of civil liberties by&#160;&#10;A)&#160;upholding them.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;rejecting them.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;upholding them at first, then limiting them later.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;rejecting them at first, then reinstating them later.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;avoiding rulings on constitutionality and consigning such issues to the lower federal courts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Usually,the Supreme Court has reacted to wartime...

Question 20

&#160;The Espionage and Sedition Acts (1917-1918)made it a crime to&#160;&#10;A)&#160;make false statements that would interfere with the American military.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;send material &#34;advocating treason&#34; through the mail.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;write any disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language against the United States.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;curtail war production.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;All of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The Espionage and Sedition Acts (1917-1918)made it...

Question 21

&#160;The First Amendment states that Congress shall make no law prohibiting the &#34;free exercise&#34; of religion.It may,however,&#160;&#10;A)&#160;make laws that impose a special burden on religion.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;bind religious people to laws that bind all others.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;insist that church and state remain separate.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;make laws respecting the establishment of a religion.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;declare an official religion for ceremonial purposes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The First Amendment states that Congress shall...

Question 22

&#160;The Supreme Court's current definition of obscenity denies free-speech protection to materials or activities that&#160;&#10;A)&#160;depict sexuality in a way that is degrading to its subjects.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;promote violence against women or children.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;lack serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;present a clear and present danger to community standards of decency.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;do not appeal to the prurient interest.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The Supreme Court's current definition of obscenity...

Question 23

&#160;If you,as a public figure,are grievously harmed by the written statements of someone who cannot prove that they are true,you&#160;&#10;A)&#160;can sue the person for libel.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;can collect damages if you demonstrate malice.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;cannot sue the person.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;can collect damages for slander, but not for libel.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;can collect damages for libel, but not for slander.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;If you,as a public figure,are grievously harmed...

Question 24

&#160;Written defamation of character is known as&#160;&#10;A)&#160;slander.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;obscenity.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;incitement.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;political falsehood.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;libel.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Written defamation of character is known as&#160;&#10;A)&#160;slander.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;obscenity.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;incitement.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;political...

Question 25

&#160;The Supreme Court denied the Hazelwood High School student newspaper the right to print certain stories,using the argument that&#160;&#10;A)&#160;young people do not have First Amendment protection against libel.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;the exercise of free expression by students is in violation of state educational codes.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;schools that allow free expression by students can legally be denied federal funding.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;incitement is never protected speech, even if it originates in a school newspaper.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;the exercise of free expression by students cannot impede the educational mission of the school.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The Supreme Court denied the Hazelwood High...

Question 26

&#160;The &#34;clear and present danger&#34; test emerged in the Supreme Court's decision in the case of&#160;&#10;A)&#160;Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;Miller v. California.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;Texas v. Johnson.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;Reno v. ACLU.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;Schenck v. United States.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The &#34;clear and present danger&#34; test emerged...

Question 27

&#160;The right of free expression,although not absolute,enjoys a higher status than the other rights granted by the U.S.Constitution.This is known as the doctrine of&#160;&#10;A)&#160;prior restraint.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;existential priority.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;neutrality and clarity.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;least means.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;preferred position.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The right of free expression,although not absolute,enjoys...

Question 28

&#160;Military draft laws exempted &#34;conscientious objectors&#34; from military service.The Supreme Court ruled that conscientious objectors are individuals who&#160;&#10;A)&#160;belong to an established Christian religion.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;identify with the Judeo-Christian heritage.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;participate in some recognized religion.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;hold deeply held moral, ethical, or religious beliefs.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;believe in a Protestant faith.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Military draft laws exempted &#34;conscientious objectors&#34; from...

Question 29

&#160;Slander differs from libel in that it refers to&#160;&#10;A)&#160;oral statements.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;written statements.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;public officials.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;private individuals.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;administrative hierarchies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Slander differs from libel in that it...

Question 30

&#160;The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of flag burning in the case of&#160;&#10;A)&#160;Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;Miller v. California.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;Texas v. Johnson.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;Reno v. Johnson.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;Schenck v. United States.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of...

Question 31

&#160;Benjamin Gitlow's case was significant because it resulted in the Supreme Court's declaring that&#160;&#10;A)&#160;all sedition laws were unconstitutional.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;freedom of speech and freedom of the press were &#34;fundamental.&#34;&#160;&#10;C)&#160;all sedition laws were constitutional.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;antiwar protesters could only distribute leaflets.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;protesters could no longer peacefully assemble.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Benjamin Gitlow's case was significant because it...

Question 32

&#160;Justice Potter Stewart's oft-quoted dictum on hard-core as opposed to soft-core pornography was&#160;&#10;A)&#160;&#34;I know it when I see it.&#34;&#160;&#10;B)&#160;&#34;Different strokes for different folks.&#34;&#160;&#10;C)&#160;&#34;It won't play in Peoria.&#34;&#160;&#10;D)&#160;&#34;One man's meat is another man's poison.&#34;&#160;&#10;E)&#160;&#34;What could go wrong?&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Justice Potter Stewart's oft-quoted dictum on hard-core...

Question 33

&#160;A local statute forbidding adult movie theaters from being located near churches,schools,or parks would probably be&#160;&#10;A)&#160;upheld as a limit on free expression.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;upheld as a regulation of land use.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;overturned as contravening free speech.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;overturned as overly vague and broad.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;overturned for violating the principle of content neutrality.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;A local statute forbidding adult movie theaters...

Question 34

&#160;If you,as a private individual,are grievously harmed by the statements of someone who can also prove that the statements are true,you&#160;&#10;A)&#160;can sue that person for libel.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;can collect damages if you demonstrate malice.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;cannot collect damages from that person.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;can collect for slander, but not for libel.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;can collect for libel, but not for slander.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;If you,as a private individual,are grievously harmed...

Question 35

&#160;When the Supreme Court rules that Amish people cannot be forced to send their children to public school beyond eighth grade,it&#160;&#10;A)&#160;neither establishes religion nor protects its free exercise.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;establishes religion without violating the First Amendment.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;avoids establishing religion at the risk of impeding its free exercise.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;both establishes religion and impedes its free exercise.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;protects the free exercise of religion but opens itself to criticisms regarding establishment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;When the Supreme Court rules that Amish...

Question 36

&#160;Why has the Supreme Court upheld the government's banning the burning of draft cards but declared unconstitutional a law banning the burning of the American flag?&#160;&#10;A)&#160;The burning of draft cards is not political speech.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;The Constitution has an amendment that allows for the burning of the American flag.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;The Constitution has an amendment that specifically protects draft cards.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;The government has a right to run a military draft and so can protect draft cards, even if this restricts speech.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;The American flag is a national symbol.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Why has the Supreme Court upheld the...

Question 37

&#160;In the __________ case,the Supreme Court ruled that the part of the McCain-Feingold law that denied corporations and labor unions the right to run ads violated their rights to free speech under the&#160;Constitution.&#160;&#10;A)&#160;McConnell v. Federal Election Commission&#160;&#10;B)&#160;Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission&#160;&#10;C)&#160;New York Times v. Sullivan&#160;&#10;D)&#160;Miller v. California&#160;&#10;E)&#160;Reno v. ACLU

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;In the __________ case,the Supreme Court ruled...

Question 38

&#160;When Clarence Brandenburg was arrested for making a speech calling for &#34;revengeance&#34; against non-whites,the Supreme Court overturned his conviction by arguing that the government can only restrict speech when it&#160;&#10;A)&#160;presents a clear and present danger.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;incites an &#34;imminent&#34; lawless action.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;is against the ruling political party.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;is against the president.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;is against law enforcement officers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;When Clarence Brandenburg was arrested for making...

Question 39

&#160;When U.S.Nazis sought to parade in Skokie,Illinois,where many Jews lived,the courts&#160;&#10;A)&#160;found them a clear and present danger.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;upheld their right to parade peacefully.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;refused to rule one way or another.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;allowed the police full discretion.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;allowed their arrests and convictions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;When U.S.Nazis sought to parade in Skokie,Illinois,where...

Question 40

&#160;Writing for the Supreme Court,Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes proclaimed that the Congress could punish dangerous speech when that speech&#160;&#10;A)&#160;represented a &#34;clear and present danger&#34; to the United States.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;incited citizens to commit lawless actions.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;was false.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;was likely to offend a &#34;reasonable&#34; person.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;None of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Writing for the Supreme Court,Justice Oliver Wendell...

Question 41

&#160;When the USA Patriot Act was renewed in 2006,&#160;&#10;A)&#160;Democrats in Congress made sure there were major overhauls.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;almost all of its provisions were made permanent.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;so many changes were made that its original supporters opposed its passage.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;no changes were made to the original act.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;its major provisions were extended for two additional years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;When the USA Patriot Act was renewed...

Question 42

&#160;A judge's order authorizing a search is known as&#160;&#160;&#10;A)&#160;an inevitable discovery.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;the exclusionary rule.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;probable cause.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;a search warrant.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;None of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;A judge's order authorizing a search is...

Question 43

&#160;In the __________ decision,the Supreme Court ruled that persons charged with a crime have a right to an attorney even if they cannot afford one.&#160;&#10;A)&#160;Gideon v. Wainwright&#160;&#10;B)&#160;Mapp v. Ohio&#160;&#10;C)&#160;Miranda v. Arizona&#160;&#10;D)&#160;United States v. Leon&#160;&#10;E)&#160;Hamdi v. Rumsfeld

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;In the __________ decision,the Supreme Court ruled...

Question 44

&#160;The __________ clause has generally been interpreted by the Supreme Court as implying a &#34;wall of separation&#34; between church and state.&#160;&#10;A)&#160;establishment&#160;&#10;B)&#160;free-exercise&#160;&#10;C)&#160;necessary and proper&#160;&#10;D)&#160;elasticity&#160;&#10;E)&#160;emoluments

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The __________ clause has generally been interpreted...

Question 45

&#160;In an important recent decision,the Supreme Court upheld a voucher program for students attending religious and other private schools in Cleveland,Ohio,because&#160;&#10;A)&#160;the schools promised to teach no course involving religion.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;the aid was not given to particular schools but to the families who chose the schools.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;the schools removed all religious symbols and artifacts.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;the aid was given directly to the particular schools.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;the teachers were certified by the state.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;In an important recent decision,the Supreme Court...

Question 46

&#160;In a 1947 decision,the Supreme Court allowed a New Jersey town to fund busing to a parochial school&#160;because&#160;&#10;A)&#160;no alternative form of transportation existed.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;enrollment at that school was open to all.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;the resulting tax burden on the average citizen was negligible.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;busing was religiously neutral.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;there was no true case and controversy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;In a 1947 decision,the Supreme Court allowed...

Question 47

&#160;The Bush administration held that those who were captured in Afghanistan and detained in military bases at Guant&#225;namo were&#160;&#10;A)&#160;citizens.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;soldiers.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;unlawful combatants.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;diplomats.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;spokesmen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The Bush administration held that those who...

Question 48

&#160;In the __________ decision,the Supreme Court ruled that the establishment clause forbids prayer,even a nondenominational one,in public schools.&#160;&#10;A)&#160;Everson v. Board of Education&#160;&#10;B)&#160;Engel v. Vitale&#160;&#10;C)&#160;Lemon v. Kurtzman&#160;&#10;D)&#160;Zelman v. Simmons-Harris&#160;&#10;E)&#160;Lee v. Weisman

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;In the __________ decision,the Supreme Court ruled...

Question 49

&#160;The USA Patriot Act modifies the law for grand jury hearings by&#160;&#10;A)&#160;allowing investigators to exchange information obtained in such proceedings.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;requiring oaths of allegiance by grand jury members.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;limiting the number of such proceedings in a given year.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;allowing hearsay in such proceedings.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;None of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The USA Patriot Act modifies the law...

Question 50

&#160;The practice of law-enforcement officers taking money or valuable property from people suspected of involvement with legal activity,but not charged with a crime,is known as&#160;&#160;&#10;A)&#160;probable cause.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;a public safety exception.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;a good faith exception.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;inevitable discovery.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;civil forfeiture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The practice of law-enforcement officers taking money...

Question 51

&#160;The landmark case on involuntary confession was that of&#160;&#10;A)&#160;Mapp v. Ohio.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;Miranda v. Arizona.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;Gideon v. Wainwright.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;Brown v. Board of Education.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;Gitlow v. New York.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The landmark case on involuntary confession was...

Question 52

&#160;The main provisions of the USA Patriot Act cover all of the following EXCEPT&#160;&#10;A)&#160;airport security.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;telephone taps.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;Internet taps.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;voice mail.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;money laundering.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The main provisions of the USA Patriot...

Question 53

&#160;Since 1992,having a member of the clergy offer a prayer or an invocation at a public school graduation ceremony is&#160;&#10;A)&#160;unconstitutional.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;unconstitutional only if read from the Bible.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;constitutional.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;constitutional if not read from the Bible.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;constitutional if nondenominational.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Since 1992,having a member of the clergy...

Question 54

&#160;The historical reference to a &#34;wall of separation&#34; between religion and the state can be found in&#160;&#10;A)&#160;the Bill of Rights.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;a series of debates in the First Congress.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;the writings of Thomas Jefferson.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;twentieth-century Supreme Court decisions.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;the Federalist papers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The historical reference to a &#34;wall of...

Question 55

&#160;The question of how best to protect people against unjust searches without unduly hindering criminal investigations is settled in most democratic countries by&#160;&#10;A)&#160;excluding improperly gathered evidence from trial regardless of how relevant it is.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;assuming that protecting people from unjust searches is more important than any hindrance that criminal investigations may have to endure.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;defining &#34;unjust&#34; in such a strict manner that no police search could ever reasonably be considered unjust.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;allowing all relevant evidence at trial regardless of how it was obtained, then doling out punishment after the trial if the evidence was obtained improperly.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;None of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The question of how best to protect...

Question 56

&#160;Search warrants are not to be issued unless the standard of __________ has been met.&#160;&#10;A)&#160;probable cause&#160;&#10;B)&#160;reasonable suspicion&#160;&#10;C)&#160;articulable suspicion&#160;&#10;D)&#160;reasonable doubt&#160;&#10;E)&#160;preponderance of evidence

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Search warrants are not to be issued...

Question 57

&#160;The question of how best to protect people against unjust searches without unduly hindering criminal investigations is settled in the United States by&#160;&#10;A)&#160;excluding improperly gathered evidence from trial regardless of how relevant it is.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;assuming that protecting people from unjust searches is more important than any hindrance that criminal investigations may have to endure.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;defining &#34;unjust&#34; in such a strict manner that no police search could ever reasonably be considered unjust.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;allowing all relevant evidence at trial regardless of how it was obtained, then doling out punishment after the trial if the evidence was obtained improperly.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;None of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The question of how best to protect...

Question 58

&#160;Regarding the exclusionary rule,more recent decisions of the Supreme Court seem to be&#160;&#10;A)&#160;modifying the rule to make it less cumbersome for law enforcement.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;abandoning the rule to make any evidence admissible.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;continuing the rule as before.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;making the rule stricter to discourage police misconduct.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;expanding the rule so as to restrict the efforts of law-enforcement officers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;Regarding the exclusionary rule,more recent decisions of...

Question 59

&#160;The Supreme Court demanded that the evidence obtained in Mapp v.Ohio be excluded because the&#160;police&#160;&#10;A)&#160;had not obtained a search warrant.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;questioned Mapp in an impolite manner.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;used unnecessary force.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;refused to let Mapp contact her lawyer.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;spied on Mapp with binoculars.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The Supreme Court demanded that the evidence...

Question 60

&#160;The exclusionary rule holds that&#160;&#10;A)&#160;double jeopardy cannot occur.&#160;&#10;B)&#160;defendants who have had their rights violated can plea bargain.&#160;&#10;C)&#160;police officers must be disciplined.&#160;&#10;D)&#160;evidence gathered in violation of the Constitution cannot be used in a trial.&#160;&#10;E)&#160;states must prohibit religious displays in court.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The exclusionary rule holds that&#160;&#10;A)&#160;double jeopardy cannot...

Question 61

&#160;In the 1980s,Puerto Rican nationalists were charged with sedition.&#160;

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;In the 1980s,Puerto Rican nationalists were charged...

Question 62

&#160;The Smith Act of 1940 respected the right of Americans to join the political party of their choice.&#160;

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;The Smith Act of 1940 respected the...

Question 63

&#160;In 1803,President Thomas Jefferson wrote the governor of Pennsylvania requesting that the governor prosecute newspaper publishers for the &#34;licentiousness&#34; of their papers.&#160;

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;In 1803,President Thomas Jefferson wrote the governor...

Question 64

&#160;At the time of the American Revolution,there were established churches in the colonies.&#160;

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#160;At the time of the American Revolution,there...

Deck 5: Civil Liberties Civil Liberties