Deck 23: Global Nutrition

Question 1

Poor roads and transportation are an example of a lack of ________ contributing to malnutrition.

A)government
B)infrastructure
C)subsistence farming
D)agriculture

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which sequence below BEST describes the vicious cycle of malnutrition?

A)infection,worsening malnutrition,wasting,death
B)disease,infection,malnutrition,susceptibility to additional dieseases
C)relative health,infection,worsening health,poverty,malnutrition
D)malnutrition,infection,worsening malnutrition,increased vulnerability to infections

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The leading cause of blindness in children under age 5 in West and Central Africa is:

A)vitamin A deficiency.
B)vitamin C deficiency.
C)zinc deficiency.
D)iron deficiency.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The condition of extreme energy deficit,causing about 1 million preventable deaths anually,is known as:

A)pellagra.
B)kwashiorko.
C)severe acute malnutrition (SAM).
D)marasmus.

Question 5

Severe food shortages affecting a large percentage of a population within a given area at a particular time is known as a:

A)food/population ratio.
B)famine.
C)natural disaster.
D)nutrition paradox.

Question 6

Which population is LEAST vulnerable to food supply disruptions in refugee camps?

A)young women
B)young men
C)children
D)the elderly

Question 7

Which of the following is the strategy MOST likely to improve an area's food/population ratio?

A)decrease the import of foods into the area
B)increase the birthrates
C)improve the education of girls and women
D)decrease food production

Question 8

The five key micronutrient deficiencies of greatest concern in impoverished coutries are:

A)calcium,potassium,folate,vitamin D,vitamin B₆.
B)selenium,folate,vitamin E,sodium,vitamin.
C)iron,iodine,zinc,vitamin A,vitamin B₁.
D)magnesium,niacin,vitamin K,vitamin E,vitamin.

Question 9

Throughout the continent of Africa,malnutrition causes ________ of all deaths of chidren.

A)more than 50%
B)up to 20%
C)about 10%
D)35 to 40%

Question 10

The condition in which people are unable to obtain sufficient energy and nutrients to meet their daily physical needs is called:

A)food security.
B)food insecurity.
C)food shortage.
D)food susceptibility.

Question 11

The MOST common micronutrient deficiency in the world is:

A)sodium.
B)iron.
C)selenium.
D)calcium.

Question 12

The premise that malnourished fetuses may be susceptible later in life to obesity and chronic disease is known as:

A)the nutrition paradox.
B)the overnutrition dilemma.
C)the fetal origins theory.
D)severe acute malnutrition (SAM).

Question 13

Early termination of infant breastfeeding in developing countries is strongly associated with:

A)language development problems.
B)wasting and stunting.
C)early teething.
D)delayed mobility.

Question 14

In numerous developing countries,the distribution of ________ supplements have significantly reduced childhood mortality.

A)potassium
B)vitamin E
C)vitamin C
D)vitamin A

Question 15

When resources are insufficient to support the number of people living in a given area,it is called:

A)food insecurity.
B)lack of infrastructure.
C)unequal food distribution.
D)overpopulation.

Question 16

Neonatal mortality is defined as:

A)the death of infants between birth and 1 year of age.
B)the death of any child before age 3.
C)the death of newborns between birth and 28 days of age.
D)stillborn deaths (death of an fetus before birth).

Question 17

Crops grown with the intention to be sold rather than consumed as food are known as:

A)cash crops.
B)profit crops.
C)subsistence crops.
D)displacement crops.

Question 18

The prevalence of undernutrition is greatest in sub-Saharan Africa and:

A)South America.
B)India.
C)Eastern Europe.
D)Southeast Asia.

Question 19

Scurvy,pellagra,goiter,rickets,and night blindness are all:

A)treatable with vitamin A supplementation.
B)micronutrient deficiency diseases.
C)linked to poor carbohydrate consumption.
D)conditions that disproportionately affect children.

Question 20

Wasting is a condition of:

A)increased Caloric intake.
B)short-stature-for-age.
C)extreme thinness.
D)nutrient overload.

Question 21

International health and welfare organizations encourage women to breastfeed:

A)in concert with formula-feeding through the first three months of the baby's life.
B)primarily if their baby is low-weight or small for their age.
C)if they are 25 or younger;women 26 or older are encourage to combine breastfeeding with formula.
D)exclusively until their baby is 6 months of age.

Question 22

Early termination of breast-feeding is associated with growth stunting.

Question 23

Undernourished people are more prone to infections.

Question 24

Which of the following BEST describes a country or region undergoing a nutrition transition in which the nutrition paradox is a factor?

A)increased availability of and preference for cane sugar over beet sugar or molasses
B)decreased reliance on carbohydrates combined with increased reliance on protein
C)increased physical activity combined with decreased availability of subsistence food
D)decreased physical activity combined with increased intake of energy-dense food

Question 25

A key characteristic of the Green Revolution was the introduction of:

A)high-yield grain varieties.
B)crop rotation.
C)minimal tillage.
D)local,site-specific farming methods.

Question 26

The solutions critical to achieving and maintaining global food security will MOST need to be:

A)initiated by developed countries.
B)long term and sustaining.
C)developed by the most affected countries themselves.
D)short term and urgent.

Question 27

An example of applying biotechnology to increase the food supply is the practice of:

A)sustainable agriculture.
B)integrated farming.
C)genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
D)heavy tilling.

Question 28

Some supporters see ________ as the next step in the Green Revolution.

A)the use of herbicides
B)the use of transgenic crops
C)extensive planting of row crops
D)food distribution programs

Question 29

In 2010,approximately what percentage of U.S.households experienced food insecurity?

A)12.2%
B)25.4%
C)14.5%
D)35.8%

Question 30

The percentage of Americans who are now overweight or obese is:

A)over 68%.
B)40%.
C)25%.
D)50%.

Question 31

Two recommended strategies for combating global malnutrition are to volunteer with groups working to relieve hunger,and to:

A)make personal choices promoting food equity and environmental quality.
B)make financial contributions to equity-oriented nonprofit organizations.
C)disseminate your knowledge and support via social network outlets and other media.
D)"eat globally,think locally."

Question 32

The disease that was once called the "thin disease" in Africa is:

A)wasting.
B)rickets.
C)stunting.
D)AIDS.

Question 33

The four strategies to combat childhood infections in the UNICEF campaign known as GOBI include growth monitoring,oral rehydration,breastfeeding,and:

A)intensive medical treatment.
B)infant weight benchmarks.
C)immunization.
D)independent assessment of progress.

Question 34

The global burden posed by the expansion of diabetes worldwide:

A)has become managable due to better availability of technology and medical information.
B)is stabilizing as countries and cities rally to combat the problem.
C)cannot be overstated.
D)has been strongly overstated.

Question 35

Which of the following was a response to the drawbacks of the Green Revolution?

A)high yield grain varieties
B)development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
C)the practice of sustainable agriculture
D)greater use of biotechnology

Question 36

The nutrition paradox refers to:

A)enriching foods with nutrients that they already contain naturally.
B)coexistance of undernutrition and overnutrition within the same region,household,or family.
C)impoverished countries that experience excessive rates of obesity.
D)obese children who come from non-obese parents or families.

Question 37

Overnutrition is a form of malnutrition.

Question 38

Grains produced by cross-breeding plants and selecting for the most desirable traits are called:

A)transgenic.
B)high-yield varieties.
C)sustainable.
D)cash crops.

Question 39

Undernutrition has little apparent affect on work capacity.

Question 40

Worldwide,the major cause of undernutrition is:

A)overpopulation.
B)diseases (such as AIDS).
C)poor farming practices.
D)unequal distribution of food.

Question 41

Discuss three key challenges in developing global solutions to malnutrition.Then describe at least three responses to the challenges.Which long-term solutions,if any,appear most promising to you,and why?

Question 42

The United Nations has played an insignificant role in global initiatives to combat poverty and health issues.

Question 43

List and discuss the five micronutrients that are major public health concerns in impoverished nations.Describe at least one successful attempt to address one of the five deficiencies.

Question 44

List and describe at least three key factors that contribute to chronic food shortages.Be specific.What is the relationship between each of them and malnutrition? Which one do you think is most likely to be alleviated the soonest,and why?

Question 45

Slowing population growth is one way to improve the food/population ratio.

Question 46

There is a clear association between poverty and obesity.

Question 47

Describe both the achievements and the shortcomings of the Green Revolution.What is the relationship between the practice of sustainable agriculture and the Green Revolution?

Question 48

Food insecurity in the United States has been steadily declining since the year 2000.

Question 49

Zinc deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world.

Question 50

HIV/AIDS is most severe in developed countries.

Question 51

Overpopulation is the major cause of undernutrition worldwide.

Question 52

Why is overnutrition a global concern,and how did it become so?

Question 53

Diabetes carries relatively few financial costs.All obese individuals will develop diabetes.

Question 54

Discuss the elements of the nutrition paradox,and explain the links between poverty and obesity.What would you say are some of the underlying reasons for the nutrition paradox,and how would you propose addressing it?