Deck 8: Marriage: The Ultimate Commitment

Question 1

The American childbearing family stage lasts about

A)2½ years per child.
B)4 years per child.
C)7½ years per child.
D)10 years per child.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

An antidivorce contract to reinforce marriage commitment is called a(n)

A)covenant marriage.
B)prenuptial agreement.
C)postnuptial agreement.
D)antenuptial agreement.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

In conflict-habituated marriages, couples

A)have ongoing tension and unresolved conflict.
B)always seek to resolve their conflict.
C)have high divorce rates.
D)All of the above

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The average cost of a wedding in the U.S in 2011 was

A)$10,802.
B)$26,501.
C)$33,556.
D)$47,093.

Question 5

A research study by Harvard University and the Kaiser Family Foundation in 2001found ________ of white Americans were accepting of interracial marriages.

A)27%
B)38%
C)53%
D)76%

Question 6

Which of the following occurs during the middle-age phase of marriage?

A)Mothers may experience depression after the children have left home.
B)Marital satisfaction may increase.
C)Adult children may return, leading to decreased marital satisfaction.
D)All of the above

Question 7

Acceptance of mixed race families is most likely to be found in ________ families.

A)white
B)black
C)Asian
D)Latino

Question 8

Marriages between partners who are similar in education, ethnicity, and social class are called

A)heterogamous.
B)homogamous.
C)companionate.
D)egalitarian.

Question 9

Which of the following is a wrong reason for marriage?

A)physical attractiveness
B)premarital pregnancy
C)parental pressure
D)All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following is not an expectation of marriage?

A)Couples will undergo a rite of passage.
B)Couples will have sexual exclusivity.
C)Couples are making a legal commitment.
D)Couples can easily dissolve the marriage.

Question 11

The Census Bureau estimates ________ of Americans will marry.

A)35%
B)58%
C)75%
D)90%

Question 12

Anti-miscegenation laws

A)banned interracial marriages.
B)only existed in southern states.
C)only restricted black/white marriages.
D)were outlawed in 1863.

Question 13

According to the text, which of the following is a positive reason for marriage?

A)economic security
B)physical attractiveness
C)companionship
D)pregnancy

Question 14

The most frequently cited reason for getting married by Americans was

A)companionship.
B)desire for children.
C)being in love.
D)sex.

Question 15

Cubor and Haroff's research found that only ________ of marriages are vital.

A)5%
B)10%
C)15%
D)18%

Question 16

When divorced adult children return home to live with their parents, the _________ occurs.

A)empty nest syndrome
B)boomerang effect
C)launching family
D)sandwich generation

Question 17

Couples that started out intimate but now remain together largely out of a sense of duty are called

A)conflict-habituated.
B)devitalized.
C)passive congenial.
D)intrinsic.

Question 18

Couples that get married with a low emotional expectation but get along in a friendly manner are called

A)devitalized.
B)vital.
C)total.
D)passive-congenial.

Question 19

The eldest child leaving home creates the

A)childrearing family.
B)childbearing family.
C)launching family.
D)retirement family.

Question 20

Approximately ________ of Americans reported they would marry someone they were not in love with.

A)4%
B)15%
C)25%
D)32%

Question 21

A ceremony that allows couples to repeat their commitment to each other is called a

A)covenant announcement.
B)flexible wedding.
C)personal marriage agreement.
D)vow renewal.

Question 22

Laws forbidding interracial marriage were called ________ laws.

A)biracial union
B)anti-miscegenation
C)immigration
D)civil rights

Question 23

Homogamy is defined as occurring between those

A)from similar educational, ethnic, racial and social class backgrounds.
B)from different educational, ethnic, racial and social class backgrounds.
C)who are dedicated to creating new sets of marital roles.
D) who faithfully practice sexual exclusivity.

Question 24

________ passed the first covenant marriage law.

A)Louisiana
B)Arizona
C)Arkansas
D)Virginia

Question 25

Sociologist Arlie Hochschild labels employed wives who also work at home fulfilling homemaking and childcare duties as

A)traditional homemakers.
B)second shift workers.
C)egalitarian spouses.
D)exploited women.

Question 26

________ of U.S. couples are married in a civil ceremony rather than a religious one.

A)10%
B)20%
C)32%
D)44%

Question 27

Marital equity is defined as

A)equal status between the partners.
B)partners giving in proportion to what they receive.
C)even division of household chores.
D)both partners having similar-paying jobs.

Question 28

For the purposes of this chapter, marriage is defined in North America as a

A)legal union between a man and woman in any state.
B)socially approved mating relationship in any state.
C)civil union between any two consenting adults in any state.
D)All of the above

Question 29

In regard to marriage, permanence means that

A)each partner promises to have sexual relations only with the other.
B)partners promise to stay together for the duration of their lives.
C)a legal, contractual commitment is made by partners.
D)All of the above

Question 30

Total marriages are

A)a common form of marriage in which couples have a practical and utilitarian relationship.
B)those in which intensely bound couples share all aspects of their lives.
C)very intense in the early years of marriage but deteriorate over time.
D)at high risk for divorce.

Question 31

A type of marriage in which the couple focuses on separate activities is

A)passive-congenial.
B)conflict-habituated.
C)devitalized.
D)vital.

Question 32

According to a 2009 Gallup poll, ________ of Americans stated that sex outside of marriage is wrong.

A)43%
B)57%
C)75%
D)92%

Question 33

Out of the following characteristics, which ranked LOWEST as a factor for a couple's marital happiness on panel 8.3?

A)faithfulness
B)adequate income
C)having children
D)having an equitable division of household chores

Question 34

Marriages that allow partners to change over time are

A)static.
B)flexible.
C)equitable.
D)covenant.

Question 35

Partners in ________ marriages are more likely to have higher marital satisfaction.

A)static
B)intrinsic
C)utilitarian
D)passive-congenial

Question 36

Which of the following is an important characteristic of partners in successful marriage?

A)similar temperaments
B)shared interests
C)strong family ties on both sides
D)All of the above

Question 37

A "good marriage" focused on equality and friendship is called a

A)romantic marriage.
B)rescue marriage.
C)companionate marriage.
D)traditional marriage.

Question 38

Which of the following is the antimarriage of a traditional marriage?

A)The couple are so involved with each other they neglect their children.
B)The couple focuses only on past conflicts.
C)The couple can become too involved with their family and parent roles and neglect their relationship.
D)The couple can become too involved in their careers.

Question 39

Between 1990 and 2000, biracial marriages increased

A)25%.
B)40%.
C)51%.
D)65%.

Question 40

A postnuptial agreement

A)is worked out between partners who are already married to one another.
B)determines how property will be divided in the event of divorce.
C)is usually developed when one spouse comes into an inheritance.
D)All of the above

Question 41

Regarding marital satisfaction during the family life cycle, researchers often speak of a

A)bell-shaped curve.
B)U-shaped curve.
C)straight line.
D)perfect circle.

Question 42

Increasingly, more American women are using hyphenated names after marriage.

Question 43

The empty nest phase is what couples experience when they are unable to conceive.

Question 44

Among the following characteristics from Panel 8.3, what variable was cited as the most important for a successful marriage?

A)children
B)good sexual relationships
C)sharing household chores
D)shared religious beliefs

Question 45

The start of a marriage involves

A)an increase in partners' independence.
B)identity bargaining.
C)less marital satisfaction.
D)a loss of status.

Question 46

It is apparent from the family life cycle model that a couple will devote themselves to childbearing and child rearing for about ______ years.

A)10-15
B)16-19
C)20-28
D)30-35

Question 47

The median cost of a wedding in the U.S. is more than $25,000.00.

Question 48

Having children is cited by couples as one of the top three important factors for marital success.

Question 49

In Panel 8.4, which theoretical perspective views marriage as an adaptation to social pressures?

A)conflict
B)structural-functional
C)social interaction
D)All of the above

Question 50

Anti-miscegenation laws restricted only black/white marriages.

Question 51

The Supreme Court case Loving v. Virginia resulted in the end of anti-miscegenation laws in the U.S.

Question 52

Which of the following is an intrinsic marriage?

A)passive-congenial
B)conflict-habituated
C)total
D)devitalized

Question 53

The ________ marriage is based on comfort and healing.

A)rescue
B)companionate
C)traditional
D)romantic

Question 54

Total marriages are utilitarian marriages.

Question 55

Equity in marriage means partners divide household duties evenly.

Question 56

The average American woman has her first child at age 27.

Question 57

Couples who work together and attempt to spend the most time together are in

A)vital marriages.
B)covenant marriages.
C)total marriages.
D)open marriages.

Question 58

Marital satisfaction ________ during the childrearing years.

A)increases
B)decreases
C)stays about the same
D)increases initially and then declines

Question 59

Which of the following characteristics can cause a decrease in marital satisfaction in the middle-age years of marriage?

A)poor health
B)returning adult children
C)caring for elderly parents
D)All of the above

Question 60

One possible purpose of the engagement period is a time to allow couples to get premarital counseling without the pressures of traditional dating.

Question 61

The ________ _________ __________ is the term for the sadness some parents experience when their grown children leave home.

Question 62

The higher the income a couple has, the higher their reported level of marital satisfaction.

Question 63

________ was the most frequently cited reason for marriage among couples.

Question 64

When children leave home, most middle-age couples experience improved marital satisfaction.

Question 65

Equality means that partners in a marriage have equal status.

Question 66

Heterogamous marriages are more apt to be successful than homogamous marriages.

Question 67

In the beginning of marriage, many couples have to adjust to a loss of independence.

Question 68

Research reveals American women worked approximately ________times as many hours on housework and childcare as compared to their husbands.

Question 69

According to Pepper Schwartz, two important factors in marital equality are ________ and ________.

Question 70

________ laws ban interracial marriage.

Question 71

The median cost of a wedding in the U.S. today is ________.

Question 72

Marriage is a ________ union between a man and a woman.

Question 73

A utilitarian marriage is based on convenience.

Question 74

A covenant marriage is an antidivorce contract, in which couples demonstrate their commitment by getting _________ counseling and other counseling during times of marital difficulty.

Question 75

Homogamous relationships are those in which partners are from dissimilar backgrounds.

Question 76

According to Arlie Hochschild, when working wives come home from work and continue to pursue homemaking and childcare responsibilities, they work a "second shift."

Question 77

Society's rules and expectations simply make life easier on parents and children when the mother and father are ____________.

Question 78

The more educational attainment men have, the more likely they are to help their wives with traditional housework.

Question 79

Most people say they marry for love.

Question 80

________ of married women take their husband's surname.