Deck 15: The Arts

Question 1

In the Aztec Empire, clothing and jewelry served the function of all of the following EXCEPT __________.

A) differentiating groups within the social hierarchy
B) differentiating men from women
C) differentiating some occupations from others
D) differentiating age

Answer 1

differentiating age

Question 2

The core aesthetic value of art __________ from culture to culture.

A) is not comparable
B) varies little
C) is irrelevant (UNDERSTAND;
D) varies a lot

Answer 2

varies little

Question 3

__________ art is abstract art that focuses on the formal qualities of art - color, composition, sound, words, or movements.

A) Representational
B) Formalist
C) Instrumental
D) Mimetic

Answer 3

Formalist

Question 4

Aesthetic conventions are __________.

A) biological
B) cultural
C) universal
D) apply only to paintings

Question 5

Yoruba art is an encapsulation of their ideas about __________.

A) beauty, goodness, and morality
B) social justice and an idealized society
C) the afterlife of good people
D) social ills and how they should be corrected

Question 6

Yoruba aesthetics demand that humans should be shown __________.

A) exactly as the model looks in real life
B) engaged only in ritual activities
C) without the physical flaws of ordinary people
D) only if they are social elites

Question 7

In the Suriname Maroon society of Saramaka, male and female carvings on calabash gourds are different __________.

A) in that females are professional artists while men are not
B) in the kinds of tools each uses as well as the kinds of designs each carves
C) because males travel widely and adopt new styles from neighboring societies
D) because men are professional artists while women are not

Question 8

Philosophies about what has beauty and value in art are called __________.

A) taste
B) culture
C) aesthetics
D) creativity

Question 9

__________ art imitates, idealizes, or symbolizes form and experience.

A) Representational
B) Formalist
C) Instrumental
D) Mimetic

Question 10

According to Richard Anderson all of the following are key characteristics of art EXCEPT __________.

A) it is an artifact of human or higher primate creation
B) it is intended to affect the senses
C) it is stylistically groundbreaking and unlike previous works
D) it is realistic

Question 11

People who particularly have a lot of body art are __________.

A) agriculturalist societies
B) horticulturalist societies
C) nomadic societies
D) industrial societies

Question 12

The story of Mataora relates the origins of the Maori art of __________.

A) painting
B) tattooing
C) song chanting
D) wood carving

Question 13

Which of the following societies have traditionally used tattooing as a form of body art?

A) Yoruba
B) Inuit
C) Australian Aboriginal
D) Aztec

Question 14

Art objects are made by __________.

A) humans and gorillas
B) humans and chimps
C) humans and elephants
D) humans only

Question 15

Anthropologically speaking, art is required to exhibit what?

A) symbolism
B) skill
C) abstractness
D) ethnicity

Question 16

Abstract art is usually __________.

A) mimetic
B) representational
C) formalist
D) aesthetic

Question 17

__________ art portrays the world accurately.

A) Representational
B) Formalist
C) Instrumental
D) Mimetic

Question 18

Inuit tattoos are __________.

A) private
B) to announce something about the bearer
C) for the Gods
D) done as a puberty ritual

Question 19

Which of the following societies have traditionally used scarification as a form of body art?

A) Maori
B) Inuit
C) Navajo
D) Yoruba

Question 20

__________ art attempts to have a beneficial effect on society, enriching people's lives, teaching moral lessons, and providing insights for improving and changing the world.

A) Representational
B) Formalist
C) Instrumental
D) Mimetic

Question 21

All __________ women carve and decorate some of their own calabashes.

A) Aztec
B) Samaka
C) Diné
D) Maya

Question 22

Helen Frankenhaler was a __________ painter.

A) mixed media
B) realist
C) abstract impressionist
D) pointillist

Question 23

West African music in general __________.

A) is not accompanied by singing
B) places greater stress on tonal qualities than rhythm
C) is slow and stately in order to stress the dignity of the performance
D) places equal stress on every note

Question 24

If you were a Diné and had a song that you sang on the way to class every day, you would __________.

A) write it down quickly
B) sing it on other occasions too
C) feel it enhanced the action of walking to class
D) not sing it again

Question 25

Music, song, and dance performances must be understood __________.

A) through the cultural contexts in which they occur
B) in accordance to rigorous aesthetic standards
C) in formalist terms
D) as a single art form

Question 26

Incan quipus were almost certainly used __________ but also may have had artistic dimensions as well.

A) as storage boxes
B) for record keeping
C) as alters
D) as temporary shelters

Question 27

After healing rituals, Navaho sand paintings are __________.

A) preserved in lacquer and kept under the sick person's bed
B) carefully recorded on paper
C) ritually destroyed
D) left to slowly disappear

Question 28

All of the following are areas of study for ethnomusicologists EXCEPT __________.

A) symbols, including language
B) musical instruments
C) communication, including folklore
D) house structures

Question 29

Often ethnic songs can be used to __________.

A) increase tension through competition
B) reduce tension through competition
C) entertain others
D) create individuality

Question 30

In the Trobriand Islands of Melanesia, __________ is accompanied by intense singing by men.

A) eating
B) working
C) mourning
D) marriage

Question 31

Which of the following has been suggested as a possible reason why Venus figurines were made?

A) They were gifts given by men or women to their lovers.
B) They were self-portraits made by women while pregnant.
C) They were attempts at magical birth control.
D) They were portraits of pregnant women made by their husbands

Question 32

Oral literature includes __________.

A) the stories people tell about their lives
B) stories about the sacred past
C) secular histories
D) anything spoken within a group can be used

Question 33

The Inuit understand artistic expression in songs to __________.

A) be a characteristic of gifted individuals blessed by spirits
B) allow the expression in inner feelings in a way ordinary words cannot
C) be the artistic area in which women excel
D) be reserved for use in song duels

Question 34

Hand gestures by Indian and Balinese dancers identify all of the following EXCEPT __________.

A) the dancer's social status
B) the dancer's marital status
C) characters or events in sacred narratives and folktales
D) a dancer's place of birth

Question 35

The anthropologist Anya Royce identifies dance as __________.

A) a social drama
B) the second oldest art form after cave painting
C) not truly an art form
D) a corollary to the art of music

Question 36

In Navajo society, songs __________.

A) are not meant to last and be preserved but, rather, to be created and expressed
B) are carefully preserved property passed from generation to generation within families
C) never used in ritual, but commonly used during menial tasks
D) reserved for use in ritual settings only

Question 37

One of the greatest problems with __________ is the inability of anthropologists to know what creators thought about their artistic creations.

A) ethnographic studies of art
B) ethnographic studies of dance
C) archaeological studies of art
D) formal art from other cultures

Question 38

Among the __________ of British Columbia, songs come spontaneously to people when they are called by the spirits to be healers or other religious practitioners.

A) Tiwi
B) Crow
C) Yoruba
D) Gitksan

Question 39

Navajo healers use __________ as part of healing ceremonies.

A) carved wooden bowls
B) sand paintings
C) body painting
D) human sculptures carved from stone

Question 40

__________ were made in Europe about 30,000 years ago and are thought to represent pregnant women.

A) Cave paintings
B) Willendorf sculptures
C) Venus figurines
D) Spirit sticks

Question 41

For many ethnic groups in multi-cultural nations, __________ has remained an important identity marker.

A) sculpture
B) folklore
C) dance
D) weaving

Question 42

In the early twentieth century western art connoisseurs referred to non-western art as __________ art.

A) non-western
B) tribal
C) primitive
D) basic

Question 43

The Zapotec of Mexico engage in __________ at social gatherings when non-Zapotec persons are present in order to reinforce their ethnic identity.

A) Zapotec language singing
B) traditional Zapotec riddles and joking
C) body painting
D) traditional Zapotec dancing

Question 44

Secular stories that relate events that teach moral lessons or entertain listeners are __________.

A) sacred narratives
B) fairy tales
C) folktales
D) biographies

Question 45

Some indigenous communities have found their art forms __________.

A) impractical in the modern world
B) to be the basis of new religious movements
C) a way to become prosperous as commercial demand for them has increased
D) naïve compared to western art forms

Question 46

Ownership of art from both dominant and traditional cultures is often used to express all of the following EXCEPT__________.

A) aesthetic values
B) economic success
C) social status
D) power

Question 47

The phrase "once upon a time" is a __________ of English tales.

A) cliché
B) stylistic feature
C) narrative event
D) proverbial device

Question 48

"An egg never sits on a hen" is an example of a __________.

A) proverb
B) folktale
C) sacred narrative
D) ritual speech

Question 49

Ethnic artists are now regarded by museums as what?

A) part of their tribes
B) individuals
C) followers of "primitivism"
D) too primitive to put in permanent collections

Question 50

The Asmat of Indonesian New Guinea have relied on dance as a way to maintain their cultural identity because __________.

A) they are now city dwellers who live in apartments
B) Islamic law forbids the traditional human forms used to decorate houses
C) dance is the most distinctive of Asmat art forms
D) they are too poor to afford the materials needed for other art forms

Question 51

The western style of performing music in concert halls has been noted by Shannon to __________.

A) divorce ethnic and traditional music from its "lived" context
B) make it possible to concentrate on the music more completely
C) improve the sound quality of music that otherwise may be poorly performed
D) be largely unsuccessful and unpopular

Question 52

African and Asian artistic traditions have __________ Western art since the nineteenth century.

A) influenced
B) not influenced
C) been influenced by
D) not been influenced by

Question 53

Stylistic devices in folktales serve to __________.

A) free the storyteller to ad lib parts of the story
B) relieve dramatic tension in the story
C) cue listeners that they are hearing a particular type of artistic event
D) make storytelling easy

Question 54

A traditional Zuni performance sets stories off as __________.

A) artistic events
B) ceremonies
C) rituals
D) formal speeches

Question 55

The Akan of Ghana sometimes use proverbs to do all of the following EXCEPT __________.

A) indirectly give advice
B) make requests
C) criticize other people's behavior
D) teach ritual dances

Question 56

Current trends in music have resulted in __________.

A) the abandonment of traditional music forms in favor of western music in most of the world
B) hybridization of traditional music as musicians from different parts of the world and traditions collaborate
C) a strong preference for European classical forms of music in most of the world
D) a decrease in average IQ

Question 57

__________ is taught and played in every country of the world.

A) European classical music
B) European rap music
C) European folk music (REMEMBER;
D) European pop music

Question 58

__________ tell of a primordial world that existed before this one and of the events that led to the formation of our present world.

A) Folktales
B) Sacred narratives
C) Fables
D) Histories

Question 59

Riddles are used __________ as well as to entertain.

A) to confuse
B) to impart cultural knowledge
C) to prove intellectual ability
D) to ask for advice

Question 60

The __________ of oral narratives and written narrative share few, if any, common elements across cultures.

A) length
B) narrative structures
C) cadence
D) characters

Question 61

A change that Navajo arts has undergone as a response to market forces is the __________.

A) beginning of weaving as a Navajo art
B) emergence of full-time artist specialists
C) contracting of non-Navajo artists to produce Navajo art
D) switch from hand weaving to machine weaving of Navajo blankets

Question 62

The art items we most associate with the Diné have their origins in __________.

A) prehistoric times
B) around the Contact period (with the Spanish)
C) the 1870's
D) the 1900's

Question 63

Globalization has changed some __________ relations in native societies.

A) gender
B) age
C) sex
D) animal

Question 64

The Kuna of Panama sell __________, called molas, worldwide because they were popularized by tourists in the 1960's.

A) wooden statues
B) embroidered blouses
C) drawings of mythical creatures
D) leather shoes

Question 65

Although a national market for Navajo goods brought some prosperity, the Navajo also became __________.

A) uninterested in maintaining their ethnic identity
B) more interested in producing non-Navajo art
C) unable to afford materials for artistic goods as prices increased
D) vulnerable to market fluctuations in prices

Question 66

By the __________ Navajo blankets were making their way into national trade networks.

A) 1850s
B) 1860s
C) 1880s
D) 1920s

Question 67

As the popularity of ethnic art has grown in the global market, many artists have __________ as a way to protect themselves against market fluctuations.

A) invested their profits in land
B) moved to the United States and Europe
C) diversified production to include non-traditional arts and motifs
D) switched to factory production

Question 68

Lower status Toraja have benefited most from tourism because __________.

A) they have been able to compete against higher status Toraja for tourist's attention
B) they act as middlemen between high status Toraja and tourists
C) they have more experience with tourists as a result of working in cities
D) high status Toraja refuse to let their funerals be viewed

Question 69

Pueblo __________ weave blankets; on the other hand, Navajo __________ weave blankets.

A) men, women
B) women, men
C) children, elderly
D) elderly, children

Question 70

What is the term for art produced by a particular group of people that comes to express and symbolize their ethnic identity?

A) symbolic expression
B) identity art
C) representational art
D) ethnic art

Question 71

Toraja society is __________, and tourism has led to competition among formerly harmonious segments of society.

A) ranked
B) egalitarian
C) heterogeneous
D) non-violent

Question 72

Javanese wayang are __________ that are used to transmit stories from Hindu epics.

A) paintings
B) embroidered blankets
C) puppet shows
D) choral singing concerts

Question 73

The first Navajo adaptation to market forces was __________.

A) silversmithing
B) the production of larger sized blankets
C) the mass production of pottery
D) the switch to commercially dyed wool

Question 74

__________ is an example of a traditional art form that has lost much of its original meaning due to tourist interest and commodification.

A) Yoruba sculpture
B) Zapotec dancing
C) Hawaiian hula dancing
D) West African music

Question 75

As the popularity of Navajo goods has increased in the twentieth century, Navajo artisans have been harmed by __________.

A) new taxes on their products
B) foreign production of fake Navajo goods
C) the loss of sheep herds and dependence on factory processed wool
D) tariffs on the export of reservation produced goods

Question 76

Today, an estimated __________ of all families in the art producing towns of the Oaxacan Valley in Mexico make a living by producing wooden carvings.

A) 5%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 50%

Question 77

In Indonesia, Toraja __________ have attracted great interest from tourists.

A) puberty rites
B) marriage ceremonies
C) funerals
D) houses

Question 78

The __________ is an example of a Native American tradition that has spread to other areas and become associated with Native Americans in general.

A) powwow
B) rug
C) Sari
D) war dance

Question 79

Powwows have contributed to __________ because styles of dance and dress have spread to new groups and resulted in the appearance of new artistic expression.

A) dilution of Native American identity
B) historical loss
C) Pan-Indian identity
D) preservation of distinct local dance and dress styles

Question 80

Global market forces have led to a diversification of Inuit __________ because of its increased popularity with collectors.

A) sculpture
B) music
C) musical instruments
D) decorated leather goods