Deck 18: European and American Art, 1840-1910

Question 1

In architecture,using motifs from historic models is a practice called __________.

A)impasto
B)Art Nouveau
C)avant-garde
D)historicism

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Who photographed famous British scholars and wanted to make photography an art form in its own right?

A)Paul Gustave Courbet
B)Thomas Eakins
C)Julia Margaret Cameron
D)Alexander Gardner

Answer 2

C

Question 3

William Henry Fox Talbot's The Open Door is an example of __________.

A)a daguerreotype
B)an albumen print
C)a calotype
D)a silver print

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The art movement characterized by the unmanipulated description of the ordinary,observable world is called __________.

A)Art Nouveau
B)Impressionism
C)Orientalism
D)Realism

Question 5

Which photographic process produced a negative from which an unlimited number of positives could be made?

A)daguerreotype
B)calotype
C)lithograph
D)albumen print

Question 6

In Julia Margaret Cameron's Portrait of Thomas Carlyle,the light that suffused her subject was __________.

A)added after the print was developed
B)typical of early daguerreotypes
C)an accident caused by a damaged plate
D)a metaphor for creative genius

Question 7

Antoní Gaudí's Casa Batllò embodies the aesthetic principles of Art Nouveau in the __________.

A)use of a steel framework
B)undulating sandstone sculpture
C)references to Baroque forms
D)avoidance of surface ornamentation

Question 8

Which of the following developed in response to industrialization,factory-made products,and the impact of factory life on industrial workers?

A)historicism
B)expressionism
C)Arts and Crafts movement
D)Japonisme

Question 9

Camera obscura is Latin for __________.

A)lost machine
B)mysterious picture
C)dark chamber
D)missing image

Question 10

Which of the following best describes Harriet Hosmer's Zenobia in Chains?

A)submissive
B)defiant
C)defeated
D)energetic

Question 11

Which of the following is an early photographic process in which a silver-coated plate was treated with iodine fumes,exposed to mercury vapor,and then bathed in a salt solution?

A)daguerreotype
B)calotype
C)salt-paper print
D)albumen print

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of the practice of historicism?

A)Charles Garnier's The Opéra
B)Louis Sullivan's Wainwright Building
C)Victor Horta's Stairway,Tassel House
D)Antoní Gaudí's Casa Batllò

Question 13

In the Wainwright Building,what did Louis Sullivan adapt from the Beaux-Arts tradition?

A)steel construction
B)a vertical emphasis
C)opulent ornamentation
D)a base,body,and crowning cornice

Question 14

The Eiffel Tower was constructed for the __________.

A)anniversary of the French Revolution
B)French bicentennial
C)Universal Exposition
D)World's Fair

Question 15

Which of the following artworks exemplifies the characteristics of Orientalism?

A)Dante Gabriel Rossetti's La Pia de' Tolomei
B)Mary Cassatt's Woman Bathing
C)Paul Gauguin's Mahana no atua (Day of the God)
D)Jean-León Gérome's Snake Charmer

Question 16

According to Charles Garnier,to hear,to see,and to be seen was the purpose of the __________.

A)French Salon
B)Impressionist exhibitions
C)Paris Opéra
D)Eiffel Tower

Question 17

Which of the following styles is characterized by fluid curvilinearity and stylized organic forms?

A)Art Nouveau
B)Post-Impressionism
C)Impressionism
D)Realism

Question 18

Which group of artists advocated for descriptive naturalism and moralizing spirituality rather than Classical idealism?

A)the Impressionists
B)the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
C)the Post-Impressionists
D)the Symbolists

Question 19

Which of the following artworks demonstrates the characteristics of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood?

A)Dante Gabriel Rossetti's La Pia de' Tolomei
B)Édouard Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (Luncheon on the Grass)
C)Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec's Jane Avril
D)Camille Claudel's The Waltz

Question 20

Architects from which city are credited with the development of the skyscraper?

A)New York
B)Chicago
C)Paris
D)St.Louis

Question 21

Rosa Bonheur's The Horse Fair can be characterized as "Realist" because of its __________.

A)emphasis on the effects of light and atmosphere
B)cropped,asymmetric composition
C)accurate depictions of farm animals
D)expressive use of color and form

Question 22

Paul Cézanne's artwork can be distinguished from that of Impressionists because __________.

A)he distorts forms to expresses his emotional state
B)he solidly models the faces and hands of his subjects
C)he only attempts to capture the fleeting effects of light
D)his application of color creates a highly structured painting

Question 23

Georges Seurat created A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte using a technique called __________.

A)plein-air painting
B)pointillism
C)impasto
D)synthetism

Question 24

Auguste Rodin's Burghers of Calais is an example of the style and content of __________.

A)Post-Impressionism
B)Art Nouveau
C)Realism
D)Orientalism

Question 25

Édouard Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (Luncheon on the Grass)is distinct from other Realist artworks in its __________.

A)depiction of common people in a rural setting
B)flat,outlined,and starkly lit figures
C)rounded forms and illusionistic perspective
D)emphasis on the effects of fleeting light

Question 26

Which style was considered distinctly democratic?

A)Impressionism
B)Post-Impressionism
C)Realism
D)Art Nouveau

Question 27

Which of the following artists contributed significantly to the emergence of expressionism?

A)Georges Seurat
B)Vincent van Gogh
C)Dante Gabriel Rosetti
D)Édouard Manet

Question 28

Mary Cassatt is best known for painting __________.

A)landscapes
B)the ballet
C)outdoor social scenes
D)mothers with children

Question 29

Which of the following artworks was hated by conservative critics because of its focus on common people and its disregard for traditional standards of order and beauty?

A)Gustave Courbet's Burial at Ornans
B)Pierre-Auguste Renoir's Moulin de la Galette
C)Harriet Hosmer's Zenobia in Chains
D)Camille Claudel's The Waltz

Question 30

Plein-air painting was a feature of __________.

A)the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
B)Impressionism
C)Realism
D)Orientalism

Question 31

In Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec's Jane Avril,the tipped-up ground and emphasis on outlines demonstrate the influence of __________.

A)Art Nouveau
B)expressionism
C)Japonisme
D)Impressionism

Question 32

Art that promoted social change was called __________.

A)avant-garde
B)Art Nouveau
C)impasto
D)expressionistic

Question 33

Pierre-Auguste Renoir's Moulin de la Galette exemplifies the characteristics of Impressionism in the __________.

A)dappled effects of the sunlight
B)sharply outlined figures
C)expressive use of color
D)creative use of pointillism

Question 34

Which group first organized exhibitions independent from the French Academy's Salon?

A)Realists
B)Impressionists
C)Post-Impressionists
D)Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood

Question 35

Thomas Eakins's The Gross Clinic was rejected from the 1876 Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition because __________.

A)it was in the style of Realism
B)of its expressive use of color
C)of the unfinished look of the painting
D)it depicted a surgical operation