Deck 27: Development and Inheritance

Question 1

This develops from the epiblast and carries a protective fluid.

A)Cytotrophoblast
B)Yolk sac
C)Exocoelomic membrane
D)Amnion
E)Lacunae

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Each somite may differentiate into a

A)Sertoli cell
B)Dermatome
C)Ovary
D)Myogenic cells
E)Ductus deferens

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Involution is

A)When the placenta is expelled
B)When the umbilical cord is cut
C)When the uterus decreases in size
D)When the cervix dilates
E)None of these choices

Answer 3

C

Question 4

This exam is performed between 14-16 weeks gestation and is used to detect genetic abnormalities.

A)Sonogram
B)Amniocentesis
C)CVS
D)AFP test
E)CBC

Question 5

During pregnancy stroke volume can increase by

A)10%
B)20%
C)30%
D)40%
E)50%

Question 6

This is any agent or influence that causes developmental defects in an embryo.

A)Carcinogen
B)Toxin
C)Nicotine
D)Radiation
E)None of these choices

Question 7

This is the connection between the placenta and the embryo.

A)Amnion
B)Chorion
C)Umbilical cord
D)Placenta
E)Capillary beds

Question 8

This will become the primary structure for exchange of material between the mother and the fetus.

A)Chorionic villi of the placenta
B)Amnion
C)Amnionic fluid
D)Embryonic disc
E)Endoderm

Question 9

This is a series of functional changes that sperm go through when they are in the female reproductive tract.

A)Acrosomal reaction
B)Maturation
C)Fertilization
D)Capacitation
E)Polyspermy

Question 10

This is the time from the onset of labor to the complete dilation of the cervix.

A)Stage of dilation
B)Stage of expulsion
C)Placental stage
D)Gestation
E)Effacement

Question 11

CVS is taking cells from where?

A)Amnion
B)Chorion
C)Placenta
D)Umbilical cord
E)Uterus

Question 12

This hormone is secreted by nonpregnant women from neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus.

A)GnRH
B)hCG
C)CRH
D)AFP
E)ATP

Question 13

Labor cannot take place until all of this hormone's effects are diminished.

A)Estrogen
B)Progesterone
C)Testosterone
D)Relaxin
E)Inhibin

Question 14

This is the part of the blastocyst that promotes implantation and produces hCG.

A)Blastocyte
B)Blastosphere
C)Trophoblast
D)Blastocyst cavity
E)Uterine cavity

Question 15

This is the portion of the endometrium that lies between the embryo and the stratum basalis.

A)Decidua basalis
B)Decidua capsularis
C)Decidua parietalis
D)Lamina propria
E)Adventitia

Question 16

This is a principle hormone that releases milk into the mammary ducts.

A)Prolactin
B)PIH
C)PRH
D)Oxytocin
E)GnRH

Question 17

Fertilization normally occurs within which structure?

A)Ovary
B)Fallopian tube
C)Ovarian ligament
D)Body of uterus
E)Vagina

Question 18

The fusion of the male pronucleus and the female pronucleus results in which developmental stage?

A)Female pronucleus
B)Male pronucleus
C)Zygote
D)Blastomeres
E)Morula

Question 19

How many pairs of pharyngeal arches are there?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)6

Question 20

In infants this connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava.

A)Ductus venosus
B)Ductus arteriosus
C)Anteriosum
D)Patent ductus arteriosus
E)Superior vena cava

Question 21

Chromosome #15 is considered

A)A sex chromosome
B)An autosome
C)The SRY chromosome
D)A linked gene
E)A transposon

Question 22

What stage happens 6 days after fertilization?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 23

What is line "G" pointing to?

A)chorion
B)chorionic villi
C)sinusoid
D)extraembryonic mesoderm
E)None of these choices

Question 24

If one parent has type A blood and one parent has type B blood,what blood type is possible for their child?

A)AB
B)A
C)B
D)O
E)All of these choices

Question 25

What stage happens 3-4 days after fertilization?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 26

Which one represents the blastocyst stage?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 27

When phenotype can be drastically different depending on parental origin it is called:

A)Mutation
B)Translocation
C)Genomic imprinting
D)Incomplete dominance
E)Codominance

Question 28

What does diagram "A" represent?

A)Cleavage of embryo
B)Cleavage of zygote
C)Cleavage of morula
D)Cleavage of blastocyst
E)Cleavage of fetus

Question 29

This was formerly called the blastocyst cavity.

A)C
B)D
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 30

These cells are derived from the yolk sac and form a connective tissue layer.

A)A
B)B
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 31

Which one represents the morula stage?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 32

This is composed of the syncytiotrophoblast and the cytotrophoblast.

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 33

What is line "A" pointing to?

A)Endometrial gland
B)Trophoblast
C)Embryoblast
D)Blastocyst
E)Dermatome

Question 34

Where is the amniotic cavity?

A)E
B)D
C)C
D)B
E)A

Question 35

An example of incomplete dominance is

A)ABO blood groups
B)Sickle-cell disease
C)Angelman Syndrome
D)Prader-Willi Syndrome
E)PKU

Question 36

Where are the fetal blood vessels?

A)C
B)D
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 37

This is a permanent change in an allele.

A)Mutation
B)Phenotype
C)Genotype
D)Dominant
E)Recessive

Question 38

If a child has B blood,and the mother has B blood,what is the possible genotype of the father?

A)B
B)O
C)AB
D)B or O
E)B,O or AB

Question 39

What is line "G" pointing to?

A)chorionic villi
B)amnion
C)umbilical vein
D)umbilical artery
E)amnionic capillary bed

Question 40

A Barr body

A)Is an inactivated X chromosome
B)Cannot be stained
C)Are transcribed and translated
D)Is seen in males
E)Is only found in humans

Question 41

What is line "F" pointing to?

A)umbilical arteries
B)umbilical vein
C)fetal blood vessels
D)maternal endometrial arteriole
E)chorionic villi

Question 42

Which of the terms below describes the development of an organism from an undifferentiated cell?

A)conceptus
B)primordium
C)epigenesis
D)karyotype
E)fertilization age

Question 43

Which condition listed is a sex chromosome aneuploidy,caused by the presence of a single X chromosome designated XO?

A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 44

Which condition listed is a malpresentation in which the fetal buttocks or lower limbs present into the maternal pelvis?

A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 45

Describe the process and purpose of amniocentesis.

Question 46

Which condition listed gives rise to sterile females with virtually no ovaries and limited development of secondary sex characteristics?

A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 47

Which condition listed gives rise to individuals that are: somewhat mentally disadvantaged,sterile males with undeveloped testes,scant body hair,and enlarged breasts?

A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 48

Which condition listed is a developmental abnormality due to mechanical forces that mold a part of the fetus over a prolonged period of time?

A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 49

Which of the terms below describes the beginning or first discernable indication of the development of an organ or structure?

A)conceptus
B)primordium
C)epigenesis
D)karyotype
E)fertilization age

Question 50

Clubfeet is an example of which condition listed?

A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 51

Describe the products of the three primary germ layers.

Question 52

Which condition listed is a sex chromosome aneuploidy,usually due to trisomy XXY?

A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 53

Which condition listed is a sex chromosome aneuploidy characterized by at least 3 X chromosomes (XXX)?

A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Metafemale syndrome
C)Turner's syndrome
D)lethal gene
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 54

Distinguish between genotype and phenotype and explain how the environment may affect each.

Question 55

Describe the hormonal events surrounding parturition.

Question 56

Which condition listed is an infectious disease of childbirth resulting from an infection originating in the birth canal and affecting the mother's endometrium?

A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Puerperal fever
C)Turner's syndrome
D)Fetal alcohol syndrome
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 57

Red-green color blindness is a recessive,X-linked trait represented as Xᶜ.(Normal color vision is represented as Xᶜ. )If a daughter has red-green color blindness,what must the genotypes of her parents be?

Question 58

Which of the terms below includes all structures that develop from a zygote: the embryo,the embryonic placenta and its associated membranes?

A)conceptus
B)primordium
C)epigenesis
D)gestational age
E)karyotype

Question 59

Which condition listed is also called morning sickness?

A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 60

Which condition listed is one of the most common causes of mental retardation and the most common preventable cause of birth defects in the United States?

A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Metafemale syndrome
C)Turner's syndrome
D)Fetal alcohol syndrome
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 61

In a heterozygous individual for a certain trait,the dominant allele gives polydactyly.What is the masked,recessive trait in this individual?

A)normal vision
B)brachydactyly
C)normal digits
D)syndactylism
E)straight thumb

Question 62

In a heterozygous individual for a certain trait,the dominant allele gives syndactylism.What is the masked,recessive trait in this individual?

A)normal vision
B)brachydactyly
C)normal digits
D)polydactyly
E)straight thumb

Question 63

In a heterozygous individual for a certain trait,the dominant allele gives normal skin pigmentation.What is the masked,recessive trait in this individual?

A)normal vision
B)albinism
C)normal nervous system
D)polydactyly
E)cystic fibrosis

Question 64

Which of the terms below describes the chromosomal characteristic of an individual presented as a systematic arrangement of pairs of metaphase chromosomes arranged by size?

A)conceptus
B)primordium
C)epigenesis
D)karyotype
E)fertilization age

Question 65

In a heterozygous individual for a certain trait,the dominant allele gives Huntington's disease.What is the masked,recessive trait in this individual?

A)normal vision
B)normal digits
C)normal nervous system
D)polydactyly
E)straight thumb

Question 66

What is the term used to describe the age of an embryo or fetus calculated from the presumed first day of the last normal menstrual period?

A)conceptus
B)primordium
C)epigenesis
D)gestational age
E)fertilization age