Deck 3: Gastroenterology /Gastrointestinal System

Question 1

The medical word emesis means ________.

A)"loose stools"
B)"difficulty swallowing"
C)"vomiting"
D)"excessive gas"

Answer 1

"vomiting"

Question 2

Telescoping of one segment of the intestine inside the lumen of the next segment is a/an ________.

A)hernia
B)diverticulum
C)intussusception
D)ileus

Answer 2

intussusception

Question 3

Swallowing food is known by the medical name of ________.

A)mastication
B)deglutition
C)ingestion
D)defecation

Answer 3

deglutition

Question 4

The walls of the large intestine contain ________ (puckered pouches).

A)sphincters
B)rugae
C)fundus
D)haustra

Question 5

Which word describes a characteristic of a hepatoma?

A)inflammation
B)tumor
C)disease
D)swelling

Question 6

Which is the abbreviation for a type of feeding tube?

A)PUD
B)PEG
C)CBD
D)LES

Question 7

Swollen,protruding veins in the esophagus are known as ________.

A)fecaliths
B)varices
C)hemorrhoids
D)volvulus

Question 8

Having blood in the stool is ________.

A)flatus
B)eructation
C)hematochezia
D)hematemesis

Question 9

When a patient has a hernia that contains intestines that can no longer be pushed back into the abdomen,this is known as a/an ________ hernia.

A)incisional
B)incarcerated
C)sliding
D)reducible

Question 10

An inguinal hernia would appear in the area of the ________.

A)stomach
B)navel
C)ribs
D)groin

Question 11

Bile flows through the common hepatic duct and into the ________.

A)hepatic duct
B)parotid duct
C)alimentary duct
D)common bile duct

Question 12

The procedure abbreviated as EGD would include viewing which of the following?

A)stomach.
B)large intestine
C)cecum.
D)liver

Question 13

A weakness in the wall of the colon where the mucosa forms a pouch or tube.

A)diverticulum
B)diverticulae
C)diverticulis
D)diverticulus

Question 14

Which of these is a combining form that means "rectum"?

A)sigmoid/o-
B)gastr/o-
C)proct/o-
D)choledoch/o-

Question 15

Which of the following is a small,fleshy,benign or precancerous growth in the mucosa of the colon?

A)cirrhosis
B)diverticulosis
C)polyps
D)hemorrhoids

Question 16

Which is an appropriate drug to treat the disease abbreviated as GERD?

A)a proton pump inhibitor drug,such as Nexium
B)a laxative drug,such as Colace
C)an antidiarrheal drug, such as Imodium
D)an antiemetic drug,such as Dramamine

Question 17

When a physician palpates the abdomen and documents,"No hepatomegaly," this means that there is no ________.

A)tenderness occurring over the area of the appendix
B)mass felt in the intestines
C)inguinal hernia present
D)liver enlargement

Question 18

During surgery the patient was found to have choledocholithiasis.The operative report would describe which anatomical structure?

A)lower esophageal sphincter
B)mesentery
C)cecum
D)common bile duct

Question 19

Which word is MISSPELLED?

A)ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdomen)
B)ilius (absence of peristalsis)
C)cirrhosis (chronic irreversible degeneration of the liver)
D)hemorrhoids (protruding anal or rectal veins)

Question 20

Procedure to remove a section of diseased intestine and rejoin the intestine.

A)colostomy
B)endoscopy
C)anastomosis
D)laparotomy

Question 21

Swollen,protruding veins in the rectum or around the anus,also known as piles,are ________.

A)hemorrhoids
B)rectocele
C)fecalith
D)melena

Question 22

Which test passes a needle through the skin of the abdominal wall and injects contrast dye into the liver?

A)IVC
B)ERCP
C)CT
D)PTC

Question 23

All of the following are parts of the stomach EXCEPT ________.

A)uvula
B)cardia
C)fundus
D)pylorus

Question 24

Hepatosplenomegaly refers to ________.

A)enlargement of the gallbladder
B)enlargement of the liver and spleen
C)softening of the liver and spleen
D)hardening of the kidney and spleen

Question 25

Which substance in the stomach kills microorganisms on food that a person eats?

A)hydrochloric acid
B)pepsin
C)gastrin
D)hepatocytes

Question 26

A surgical procedure to remove all or part of the stomach because of a cancerous or benign tumor is a/an ________.

A)gastrostomy
B)gastrectomy
C)gastrotomy
D)enterectomy

Question 27

The inability to voluntarily control bowel movements.

A)diarrhea
B)constipation
C)incontinence
D)steatorrhea

Question 28

The gastrointestinal system begins with which structure?

A)esophagus
B)mouth
C)colon
D)large intestine

Question 29

The abbreviation PUD stands for ________.

A)pelvic ulcer disease
B)peritoneal ulcerative disease
C)purulent ulcerative disease
D)peptic ulcer disease

Question 30

The medical word that means "process of chewing."

A)mastication
B)eructation
C)deglutition
D)defecation

Question 31

Drugs used to treat nausea and vomiting and motion sickness are ________.

A)antiemetic drugs
B)laxative drugs
C)antacid drugs
D)antidiarrheal drugs

Question 32

Fleshy hanging part of the soft palate.

A)appendix
B)pharynx
C)omentum
D)uvula

Question 33

Chronic,progressive inflammation and finally irreversible degeneration of liver tissue,characterized by nodules and scarring,is ________.

A)jaundice
B)hepatoma
C)cirrhosis
D)hepatitis

Question 34

Inflammation of the oral mucosa of the mouth is ________.

A)cholangitis
B)mouthitis
C)stomatitis
D)pyloritis

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of digestion?

A)liver
B)gallbladder
C)pancreas
D)stomach

Question 36

The vomiting of blood is ________.

A)regurgitation
B)hematemesis
C)meconium
D)reflux

Question 37

Which type of colon polyp has a thin stalk that supports a ball-shaped,irregular top?

A)pedunculated
B)strangulated
C)incarcerated
D)sessile

Question 38

The abbreviation ERCP refers to an endoscopic retrograde procedure that involves the two structures of the ________.

A)esophagus and stomach
B)bile duct and pancreatic duct
C)liver and stomach
D)small and large intestines

Question 39

Which infection of the large intestine is caused by an unusual strain of the bacterium E.coli?

A)lactose intolerance
B)adenocarcinoma
C)dysentery
D)polyps

Question 40

Which type of hepatitis is also known as serum hepatitis?

A)hepatitis A
B)hepatitis B
C)hepatitis C
D)hepatitis D

Question 41

The gustatory cortex in the brain processes information about ________.

A)chewing and swallowing
B)the peristalsis of the intestines
C)the sense of taste
D)the regularity of bowel movements

Question 42

The membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and secretes watery fluid to fill the spaces between the organs is ________.

A)pepsinogen
B)the pyloric sphincter
C)peristalsis
D)the peritoneum

Question 43

Ulcers are caused by all of the following EXCEPT ________.

A)stress
B)drugs
C)excessive hydrochloric acid
D)nausea and vomiting

Question 44

An omphalocele is a/an ________.

A)umbilical hernia that is present at birth
B)hernia that cannot be pushed back into the thoracic cavity
C)adhesion
D)a tumor around the umbilicus or navel

Question 45

Colic is a ________.

A)twisting of a loop of intestine
B)decreased level of peristalsis after surgery
C)common gastrointestinal problem in babies
D)a type of stomach cancer

Question 46

What is the treatment for adhesions of the intestines?

A)drugs
B)exercise
C)surgery
D)rest

Question 47

Excessive overeating is ________.

A)anorexia
B)polyphagia
C)dysphagia
D)cheilitis

Question 48

The infected appendix can rupture (burst),spilling infection into the abdominopelvic cavity and causing ________.

A)appendicitis
B)stomatitis
C)peritonitis
D)all of the above

Question 49

When bile breaks apart large globules of fat,this process is ________.

A)cholecystokinin
B)absorption
C)emulsification
D)elimination

Question 50

When the intestine twists or rotates around itself because of a structural abnormality of the mesentery,this is malrotation of the intestine or ________.

A)intussusception
B)Crohn's disease
C)appendicitis
D)volvulus

Question 51

The word deglutition refers to ________.

A)chewing
B)swallowing
C)contractions of the intestine
D)partially undigested food

Question 52

Which enzyme breaks down the sugar in milk?

A)amylase
B)lipase
C)flatus
D)lactase

Question 53

Peristalsis occurs in all of the following gastrointestinal structures EXCEPT the ________.

A)stomach
B)small intestine
C)large intestine
D)oral cavity

Question 54

All of the following are salivary glands EXCEPT ________.

A)pharyngeal
B)submandibular
C)parotid
D)sublingual

Question 55

After chyme leaves the stomach,it enters the ________.

A)soft palate
B)cecum
C)small intestine
D)esophagus

Question 56

What is the purpose of the villi in the small intestine?

A)to move digested food along the small intestine
B)to make digestive enzymes
C)to absorb digested food nutrients
D)all of the above

Question 57

The large intestine includes the ________.

A)cecum,ileum,colon,and rectum
B)cecum,appendix,mesentery,and anus
C)duodenum, rectum, anus, and perianal area
D)none of the above

Question 58

The combining form gloss/o- means ________.

A)"tongue"
B)"mouth"
C)"salivary gland"
D)"stomach"

Question 59

If a patient experiences difficult or painful eating or swallowing,the patient has ________.

A)anorexia
B)dyspepsia
C)dysphagia
D)gastritis

Question 60

The gastrointestinal system is an elongated system that ________.

A)begins at the mouth
B)goes through the thoracic cavity
C)fills most of the abdominopelvic cavity
D)all of the above

Question 61

An exploratory laparotomy is a surgery that makes an incision in the ________.

A)stomach
B)mouth
C)abdomen
D)colon

Question 62

Chemical digestion involves ________.

A)mastication
B)digestive enzymes
C)peristalsis.
D)all of the above

Question 63

Gastroenteritis is an acute inflammation or infection of the ________.

A)liver and gallbladder
B)stomach and gallbladder
C)pharynx and esophagus
D)stomach and intestines

Question 64

H₂ blocker drugs are used to treat ________.

A)emesis
B)Crohn's disease
C)anorexia nervosa
D)peptic ulcers

Question 65

The combining form sial/o- means ________.

A)"saliva;salivary gland"
B)"eating;swallowing"
C)"mouth"
D)"stomach"

Question 66

Which of the following is TRUE of the gallbladder?

A)It stores bile.
B)It releases bile when there is a fatty meal in the duodenum.
C)It can get stones inside it.
D)all of the above

Question 67

Which kind of hernia occurs along the suture line of a prior abdominal surgical incision?

A)incarcerated
B)inguinal
C)umbilical
D)incisional

Question 68

The process of elimination is called ________.

A)feces
B)defecation
C)meconium
D)all of the above

Question 69

Which one of these surgeries is used to create a permanent opening in the abdomen in order to feed a patient through a feeding tube?

A)cholecystectomy
B)gastrostomy
C)gastrectomy
D)colonoscopy

Question 70

A barium enema uses a liquid contrast medium to outline the ________.

A)intestinal wall
B)stomach lining
C)pancreatic ducts
D)oropharynx

Question 71

The muscular ring that keeps food in the stomach from going back into the esophagus is ________.

A)the celiac trunk
B)LES
C)chyme
D)peristalsis

Question 72

To refer to the gallbladder,you would use the combining form ________.

A)cholangi/o-
B)hepat/o-
C)cholecyst/o-
D)enter/o-

Question 73

Which of the following correctly separates the medical word colonoscopy into its component word parts?

A)prefix col/o-,combining form noscop/o-,suffix -y
B)prefix colon/o-,suffix -scopy
C)combining form col/o-, suffix -noscopy
D)combining form colon/o-,suffix -scopy

Question 74

Cholelithiasis affects the ________.

A)intestines
B)pancreas
C)liver
D)gallbladder

Question 75

The gallbladder is responsible for ________.

A)releasing digestive enzymes made by the pancreas
B)neutralizing acid from the stomach
C)digesting proteins in foods
D)concentrating and storing bile

Question 76

All of these combining forms mean "abdomen" EXCEPT ________.

A)enter/o-
B)celi/o-
C)abdomin/o-
D)lapar/o-

Question 77

Absorbed nutrients are carried by the blood in a large vein to the ________.

A)liver
B)gustatory center
C)duodenum
D)gallbladder

Question 78

Ascites is a disease that is related to the ________.

A)stomach
B)intestines
C)liver
D)mouth

Question 79

Which of the following are involved in the breakdown of fats?

A)amylase and hydrochloric acid
B)hydrochloric acid and mastication
C)lipase and pepsinogen
D)emulsification and lipase

Question 80

Emulsification occurs when ________.

A)the liver produces bile
B)the stomach secretes intrinsic factor
C)bile breaks apart fats
D)food is chewed in the mouth