Deck 21: Neoclassicism: the Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries

Question 1

In the painting Declaration of Independence (1817), the tallest figure-in the red vest-is

A) John Hancock.
B) Benjamin Franklin.
C) Thomas Jefferson.
D) John Adams.

Answer 1

Thomas Jefferson.

Question 2

Who painted Grande Odalisque?

A) Benoist
B) David
C) Ingres
D) Trumbull

Answer 2

Ingres

Question 3

The pre-Revolutionary American style of architecture is known as

A) Colonial Georgian.
B) Colonial Jacobean.
C) Classical Colonial.
D) Colonial Baroque.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Who painted Portrait of a Negress (1800)?

A) Ingres
B) David
C) Benoist
D) Canova

Question 5

The patron of the painting Declaration of Independence (1817) was

A) John Hancock.
B) James Madison.
C) Thomas Jefferson.
D) John Adams.

Question 6

Which is NOT a feature of Death of Marat?

A) an idealized human figure masking personal defects
B) tenebrism used in the service of political allegory
C) a juxtaposition between political ideas and political violence
D) an anti-revolutionary message

Question 7

The painting Napoleon Enthroned demonstrates all the following artistic influences EXCEPT

A) the exaggeration of Mannerism.
B) the energetic movement of Baroque.
C) the fussiness of Rococo.
D) the precision of Neoclassicism.

Question 8

Which architectural style emerged in the United States during the period from 1780 through 1810?

A) Columbian
B) Jacobean
C) American Gothic
D) Federal

Question 9

The Paolina Borghese as Venus Victrix represents a tour de force of work in

A) marble.
B) bronze.
C) ivory.
D) gold.

Question 10

The Oath of the Horatii illustrates a scene from the history of

A) Greece.
B) Rome.
C) France.
D) Egypt.

Question 11

What building served as the inspiration for the Rotunda at the University of Virginia?

A) Pantheon
B) Maison Carrée
C) Temple of Portunus
D) St. Paul's Cathedral in London

Question 12

The model for the Virginia State Capitol at Richmond was

A) the Pantheon.
B) the Parthenon.
C) the St. Paul's Cathedral in London.
D) the Maison Carrée.

Question 13

The title subject of the Grande Odalisqueis a

A) harem girl.
B) Roman matriarch.
C) Roman concubine.
D) mistress of Napoleon.

Question 14

Which is NOT a feature of Napoleon Enthroned?

A) the illusion of texture
B) intimations of imperial divinity
C) rough painterly strokes
D) clarity and precision of detail

Question 15

America's first professional sculptor was

A) Houdon.
B) Greenough.
C) Canova.
D) Jefferson.

Question 16

In 1789, Jean-Antoine Houdon carved a marble portrait bust of which American diplomat, who was then serving as minister to France?

A) Madison
B) Franklin
C) Jefferson
D) Adams

Question 17

The centerpiece of Jefferson's design for the University of Virginia was

A) the dormitories.
B) the administration building.
C) the library.
D) the classrooms.

Question 18

Greenough's colossal marble statue of George Washington was inspired by Phidias's Early Classical sculpture of

A) Apollo.
B) Zeus.
C) Socrates.
D) Julius Caesar.

Question 19

Which of the following artists did NOT work for Napoleon?

A) David
B) Ingres
C) Trumbull
D) Benoist

Question 20

Who painted Declaration of Independence (1817)?

A) Trumbull
B) David
C) Ingres
D) Houdon

Question 21

Who painted the Oath of the Horatii (1785)?

A) Ingres
B) Canova
C) David
D) Benoist

Question 22

Which feature of Roman triumphal arches was NOT incorporated into the Arc de Triomphe?

A) relief sculptures
B) decorative cornices
C) pilasters and columns
D) row of metopes and triglyphs

Question 23

Who painted Napoleon at Saint Bernard Pass?

A) David
B) Trumbull
C) Ingres
D) Benoist

Question 24

The Oath of the Horatii was commissioned by disgruntled French republicans who wanted to arouse resistance against the king.

Question 25

Contrary to the depiction in Napoleon at Saint Bernard Pass, the French general crossed the Alps on a mule.

Question 26

An important characteristic of Neoclassical art was its

A) rejection of Rococo levity.
B) lighthearted approach to its subject matter.
C) indifference to contemporary events.
D) concern with the plight of the common person.

Question 27

Who sculpted the Paolina Borghese as Venus Victrix (1808)?

A) Benoist
B) David
C) Canova
D) Ingres

Question 28

The Arc de Triomphe was originally commissioned to commemorate the final defeat of Napoleon.

Question 29

Even during its Baroque period, French art had retained a pronounced Classical flavor.

Question 30

The Death of Marat illustrates a scene from the history of

A) Rome.
B) France.
C) Egypt.
D) Greece.

Question 31

The Arc de Triomphe was the largest arch ever built.

Question 32

The model for the Paolina Borghese as Venus Victrix (1808) was Napoleon's mistress.

Question 33

Portrait of a Negress, the Paolina Borghese as Venus Victrix, and Horatio Greenough's George Washington all show their subjects naked from the waist up.

Question 34

What theme is developed through the subject matter of the Oath of the Horatii?

A) the strength of women in a time of crisis
B) the virtue of placing one's country before oneself
C) the pleasures of a bucolic life
D) the joys of wallowing in aristocratic luxury

Question 35

Greenough's sculpture of George Washington was hailed as a masterpiece when it was first unveiled, and was given pride of place within the Capitol building for decades.

Question 36

Thomas Jefferson appreciated the aesthetic quality of colonial Virginian homes, and wanted to blend that native quality with Roman grandeur.

Question 37

Napoleon at Saint Bernard Pass is painted in the tradition of

A) Roman equestrian portraiture.
B) Classical Greek statuary.
C) Rococo portraiture.
D) Dutch genre paintings.

Question 38

Jacques-Louis David worked successively for Louis XVI, the most radical of the French revolutionaries, and Napoleon Bonaparte.

Question 39

Napoleon at Saint Bernard Pass explicitly links the French general with which two historical figures?

A) George Washington and Louis XIV
B) Julius Caesar and Alexander the Great
C) Augustus and Frederick the Great
D) Charlemagne and Hannibal

Question 40

Who painted the Death of Marat (1793)?

A) Ingres
B) David
C) Trumbull
D) Benoist

Question 41

Explain the political context of Neoclassicism. What social forces led to its development, how did it evolve, and how is it reflected in the art of the period?

Question 42

Using examples from the text, compare and contrast the paintings of Ingres and David.

Question 43

Describe some of the Romantic aspects of the Neoclassical style.

Question 44

What were the main characteristics of Neoclassicism? Should it be defined according its subject matter, its style, or a combination of both?

Question 45

Compare Jefferson's use of architecture with Napoleon's use of architecture and other arts. Did the two leaders evidence similar themes? How did the artwork associated with the two figures differ?

Question 46

Describe Jefferson's contribution to American architecture, as well as the general characteristics of Federal architecture.

Question 47

Analyze the development of David's art from before the French Revolution through the reign of Napoleon. How did his art change in light of political developments?