Deck 22: Romanticism: the Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries

Question 1

Who painted the Death of Sardanapalus?

A) Goya
B) Friedrich
C) Bierstadt
D) Delacroix

Answer 1

Delacroix

Question 2

How is Eastern society portrayed inDeath of Sardanapalus?

A) as opulent and passionate
B) as dignified and restrained
C) as inscrutable and calculating
D) as impoverished and oppressed

Answer 2

as opulent and passionate

Question 3

Whose Sunrise, Yosemite Valley exemplifies the practice of luminism?

A) Cole
B) Turner
C) Bierstadt
D) Constable

Answer 3

Bierstadt

Question 4

Whose Witches' Sabbath mocks unenlightened superstitions?

A) Géricault
B) Delacroix
C) Goya
D) Blake

Question 5

Who constructed the Royal Pavilion at Brighton?

A) Burke
B) Turner
C) Cole
D) Nash

Question 6

Who painted theMassacre at Chios?

A) Delacroix
B) Ingres
C) Géricault
D) Goya

Question 7

Whose Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons, October 16, 1834 explored the theme of the ease with which nature could destroy man-made artifices?

A) Turner
B) Constable
C) Cole
D) Bierstadt

Question 8

In his Executions of the Third of May, 1808, Goya depicts the executioners as

A) a disorderly rabble.
B) faceless automatons.
C) heroic defenders of order.
D) tragically conflicted.

Question 9

The development of aquatint opened new possibilities for artists in which medium?

A) painting
B) sculpture
C) etching
D) architecture

Question 10

In his paintings, Goya expressed all the following themes EXCEPT

A) his opposition to social injustice.
B) his interest in psychology.
C) his contempt for irrational thinking.
D) his rejection of Christianity.

Question 11

What was the aim of the paintingMassacre at Chios?

A) to depict faithfully a scene from ancient Roman history
B) to criticize wealthy industrialists who lived comfortably upon the suffering of the poor
C) to arouse sympathy for the Greeks struggling to gain freedom from the Turks
D) to link the struggle against oppression with the struggle against primal nature

Question 12

Which artist explored the aesthetics of the sublime in his Moonwatchers series?

A) Friedrich
B) Goya
C) Turner
D) Hicks

Question 13

Who painted Liberty Leading the People?

A) Goya
B) Delacroix
C) Rude
D) Cole

Question 14

Folk art such as Hicks's The Peaceable Kingdom tends to exhibit all of the following elements EXCEPT

A) flattened forms.
B) a spontaneous quality.
C) unnatural proportions.
D) references to Classical imagery.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT an element of Liberty Leading the People?

A) the symbolic use of color
B) intimations of Classical allegory
C) images of different classes united in a common political cause
D) the rejection of French nationalism

Question 16

Compared to Turner's paintings, the works of Constable evidenced

A) more sweeping brushstrokes.
B) greater dynamism in subject and color.
C) clearer lines and details.
D) blurred forms.

Question 17

Whose Salisbury Cathedral from the Bishop's Garden demonstrates a nostalgia for the past and a sense of humanity's oneness with nature?

A) Turner
B) Hicks
C) Constable
D) Nash

Question 18

Which artist attempted in paintings like The Oxbow to develop a "higher style of landscape" that would contain moral or religious significance?

A) Cole
B) Turner
C) Bierstadt
D) Hicks

Question 19

The inscription in Goya's Bogeyman etching is a lesson in

A) witchcraft.
B) politics.
C) the rules of the Inquisition.
D) child psychology.

Question 20

Which American author is best known for a series of novels extolling Indians as "noble savages"?

A) Poe
B) Cooper
C) Thoreau
D) Emerson

Question 21

The English philosopher Edmund Burke invented the word "sublime" to describe the secret political messages that some Romantic artists buried inside their works.

Question 22

Whose acknowledged masterpiece is the Raft of the Medusa (1819)?

A) Géricault
B) Delacroix
C) Goya
D) Friedrich

Question 23

Watercolor has limited use outside of a studio because it takes so long to dry.

Question 24

Compared to his contemporary Ingres, Delacroix was a champion of line over color.

Question 25

One of the few renowned Romantic sculptors was which creator of the relief Departure of the Volunteers of 1792?

A) Rude
B) Géricault
C) Berlioz
D) Bierstadt

Question 26

William Blake's works most clearly illustrate which element of Romanticism?

A) its rejection of religion
B) its fondness for futuristic imagery
C) its embrace of a mystical form of Christianity
D) its involvement in current political affairs

Question 27

From 1822 to 1823, Géricault executed a series of studies of

A) children.
B) fellow painters.
C) insane people.
D) landscapes.

Question 28

The Royal Pavilion at Brighton most clearly demonstrates the Romantics' interest in

A) the austere elegance of ancient Roman architecture.
B) nationalistic expression through architecture.
C) Europe's "wild" medieval past.
D) "exotic" cultures such as that of the Far East.

Question 29

How does gouache differ from other watercolors?

A) It remains transparent after drying.
B) It becomes opaque when dry.
C) It dries almost instantly.
D) It can be overlaid on top of other paints.

Question 30

Of the two great English landscape artists, Turner and Constable, Constable was more prone to depicting nature as orderly and in harmony with humankind.

Question 31

Delacroix's work exhibits all the following characteristics EXCEPT

A) broad sweeps of color.
B) lively patterns.
C) precise edges.
D) energetic figural groups.

Question 32

Despite the popularity of Romanticism in painting, the movement failed to have an impact on literature.

Question 33

The relief sculpture Departure of the Volunteers of 1792was an addition to the Arc de Triomphe.

Question 34

Romantic art was characterized by all of the following traits EXCEPT

A) an indifference to current events.
B) a fascination with the mysteries of the human mind.
C) a nostalgia for bygone eras.
D) an interest in dreams and nightmares.

Question 35

Which of the following was NOT an English Romantic poet?

A) John Keats
B) John Constable
C) Percy Bysshe Shelley
D) William Wordsworth

Question 36

The philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau provided one of the chief roots of Romanticism.

Question 37

Though many people thought that the painting Raft of the Medusa depicted an actual event, it was in fact based on a fantastical episode from a fictional novel.

Question 38

The paintings of Friedrich tended to depict humankind as the undisputed master and shaper of the natural world.

Question 39

Watercolor was not a popular medium among European artists until the late eighteenth century.

Question 40

Whose illuminated frontispiece Ancient of Days depicts God organizing the world with a compass?

A) Rude
B) Géricault
C) Turner
D) Blake

Question 41

What were the main characteristics of the Romantic movement?

Question 42

Compare the Romantic movement in art and poetry with Neoclassicism. How are they similar? What are the differences?

Question 43

How did Romantics view nature? Were their depictions of it positive, negative, or decidedly ambiguous?

Question 44

What qualities of Romanticism did landscape artists explore? How did the contents and style of their works differ from each other?

Question 45

How did Romantic painters' techniques correspond with the tone and subject matter of their works?

Question 46

Compare Blake's attitude toward religion with Goya's. Are they part of the same strand of Romanticism, or do their attitudes contradict each other?

Question 47

Analyze Edward Hicks's The Peaceable Kingdom as an exemplar of folk art. What qualities does folk art usually exhibit? How does Hicks's work compare with that of his more classically trained contemporaries? Should Hicks be regarded as a "Romantic" artist?