Deck 4: Perception

Question 1

Unchanging people or things become less noticeable, and thus occupy less of our attention than those that change.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

According to your text, the world appears different to each of us.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

We are influenced more by subtle stimuli rather than obvious ones.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Identical foods can actually taste different to various individuals.

Question 5

Only women are affected by changes in mood.

Question 6

While culture has a great deal to do with our perception, it is understood that a person's mood and tolerance to stress do not.

Question 7

A common perceptual tendency is to assume that others are similar to us.

Question 8

After using the "Pillow Method" you should typically conclude that the issue being considered is not important enough to worry about.

Question 9

The self-serving bias illustrates our tendency to judge others more charitably than ourselves.

Question 10

It's simply impossible to be aware of everything, no matter how attentive we may be.

Question 11

The sensory data we receive are the same for all of us; perceptual differences occur only after we begin to process those data.

Question 12

In perceiving others, we usually blame their problems on their personal qualities rather than on factors outside them.

Question 13

People's occupations have little bearing on their perception of the world.

Question 14

Sensory data can be different to different people.

Question 15

Your text claims that there is nothing wrong with the generalizations we make, using our organization constructs, as long as they are accurate.

Question 16

The text argues that an ailment may have a strong impact on how you relate to others.

Question 17

True empathy requires that you agree with the other person's opinions.

Question 18

Since stimuli that are intense often attract our attention, we're more likely to remember extremely talkative people than those who are quiet.

Question 19

Selection is an objective process.

Question 20

In our perceptions, we cling more strongly to first impressions, even when they are wrong.

Question 21

Stereotyping occurs when generalizations lose touch with reality.

Question 22

What's missing from this perception check? "When you didn't do the grocery shopping today like you usually do, I figured you weren't feeling good or were mad at me."​

A)​It doesn't describe behavior.
B)​It has only one interpretation.
C)​It doesn't request clarification.
D)​It is too specific.
E)​Nothing is missing from this perception check.

Question 23

Silence is valued over talk in most Asian cultures.

Question 24

The Pillow Method is designed to​

A)​persuade someone to accept your viewpoint.
B)​settle a dispute.
C)​minimize an issue.
D)​gain insight into another's viewpoint.
E)​punctuate the cause and effect of an argument.

Question 25

Perception checking can be a useful tool when you don't want to embarrass or directly threaten another person.

Question 26

Position Four in the Pillow Method takes the perspective that the original issue should still be seen as very important.

Question 27

All of the following would be included in a good definition of empathy except which one?​

A)​It involves taking the other's perspective.
B)​It includes concern for the other person.
C)​It requires a sense of the other person's feelings.
D)​It can't be totally achieved.
E)​It requires that your opinions match those of the other person.

Question 28

Which of these statements is not accurate, according to the text?​

A)​Teenagers who don't get enough food to eat are more likely to get in trouble at school and have difficulty getting along with others.
B)​You might perceive someone's behavior differently when you are ill than you would when you are healthy.
C)​Lack of sleep can affect couple's perceptions of each other, resulting in discord.
D)​Identical foods may taste differently to different people.
E)​Perception is not influenced by neurological or biological differences.

Question 29

How could you improve this perception-checking statement? "When you gave me an F on my essay, I figured you hated me.Right?"​

A)​Describe behavior.
B)​Give another interpretation
C)​Request clarification.
D)​Say less.
E)​It is great as a perception-checking statement just the way it is.

Question 30

You have read positive reviews of your Chemistry instructor on a website.According to the text, you are more likely to find this instructor credible and attractive.

Question 31

What's missing from this perception check? "When you didn't call me when you said you would, I thought you might have forgotten or were mad at me.What happened?"

A)​It doesn't describe behavior.
B)​It has only one interpretation.
C)​It doesn't request clarification.
D)​It is too wordy.
E)​Nothing is missing from this perception check.

Question 32

It's possible to avoid stereotyping by attending to characteristics other than those that are obvious of the group to which you assign someone.

Question 33

A shared relational narrative is the reason that some couples say they are happily married when the facts would indicate otherwise.

Question 34

All of the following are physiological factors shaping perception except which one?​

A)​the senses
B)​age and health
C)​fatigue
D)​ethnicity
E)​hunger

Question 35

The story in your text about six men from Indostan illustrates​

A)​the phenomenon called "culture shock."
B)​the way people tend to punctuate a series of events differently.
C)​the "Pillow Method" applied to resolve a problem.
D)​different interpretations depending on point of view.
E)​self-serving bias.

Question 36

What's missing from this perception check? "I figure you're either upset with me or worried about your test.Is it something like that?"​

A)​It doesn't describe behavior.
B)​It has only one interpretation.
C)​It doesn't request clarification.
D)​It is too wordy.
E)​Nothing is missing from this perception check.

Question 37

What's missing from this perception check? "When I saw you having lunch with Emily, I figured you liked her more than me.What's going on?"​

A)​It doesn't describe behavior.
B)​It has only one interpretation.
C)​It doesn't request clarification.
D)​It is too wordy.
E)​Nothing is missing from this perception check.

Question 38

It is never appropriate to make a generalization.

Question 39

The concept of self-fulfilling prophecy relates best to which of these perceptual tendencies?

A)​We judge ourselves more charitably than others.
B)​We cling to first impressions.
C)​We are influenced by our expectations.
D)​We are influenced by the obvious.
E)​We assume others are similar to us.

Question 40

Whether you are happy or unhappy with a partner will affect how you interpret that partner's behavior.

Question 41

You say you're late because your partner is never ready on time; your partner says she takes her time getting ready because you're always late.

A)​punctuation
B)​interpretation
C)​empathy
D)​attribution error
E)​androgynous behavior

Question 42

The recognition of a "figure" as standing out from a "ground" of other stimuli takes place during what phase of the perception process?​

A)​ideation
B)​stimulation
C)​verification
D)​organization
E)​sensation

Question 43

Which perceptual tendency is illustrated in the following example? Leah was trying to be helpful when she told Eric he should wear pants that make him look less fat.However, when Eric told Leah she should lay off the makeup because it makes her look "old," she perceived his comment as hurtful and mean.

A)​We judge ourselves more charitably than others.
B)​We cling to first impressions.
C)​We are influenced by our expectations.
D)​We are influenced by the obvious.
E)​None of the above.

Question 44

Phong is in the market for a new car and hopes to buy a Toyota Scion.It seems everywhere he goes lately he sees a Scion on the road.What does this exemplify in the process of selecting stimuli?​

A)​repetitious stimuli
B)​motives
C)​change in stimulation
D)​intense stimuli
E)​organization

Question 45

Shima knows her friend Francine is going through a difficult time so she doesn't mind that Francine is particularly quiet at dinner.This is an example of what stage in the perception process?

A)​selection.
B)​organization.
C)​redefinition.
D)​interpretation.
E)​none of the above.

Question 46

Shannon says that she works out in the evenings instead of the afternoons because Roger is always late coming home from work.Roger says he doesn't bother to rush home from work because Shannon is always working out.This process of organizing the series of events in different ways is called​

A)​punctuation.
B)​interpretation.
C)​perceptuation.
D)​conjugation.
E)​intrepidation.

Question 47

Armando made a poor first impression on Bianca as he first arrived, so throughout their evening date, despite his pleasant behavior, Bianca continued to see him in an unfavorable light due to​

A)​her feelings of empathy.
B)​the halo effect.
C)​her punctuation of the events of the evening.
D)​the narrative of the date.
E)​physiological factors influencing Bianca's perception.

Question 48

While on vacation with her family in Germany, Abigail criticized how Germans drove on the Autobahn compared to American freeway driving.According to the text, Abigail's attitude is considered

A)​prejudice.
B)​ethnocentrism.
C)​ethnicity.
D)​punctuation.
E)​self-serving bias.

Question 49

All of the following are causes of inaccurate perception except

A)​we cling to first impressions.
B)​we're influenced by what is most obvious.
C)​we assume others are similar to us.
D)​we rate ourselves more negatively than others see us.
E)​we judge ourselves more charitably than others.

Question 50

You feel sadness when your friend tells you his cat died.

A)​punctuation
B)​interpretation
C)​empathy
D)​attribution error
E)​androgynous behavior

Question 51

Exaggerated beliefs associated with a perceptual categorizing system are​

A)​role constructs.
B)​self-judgments.
C)​white lies.
D)​subcultural translations.
E)​stereotypes.

Question 52

We notice some stimuli over others in our environment because they are

A)​mild.
B)​singular.
C)​contrasting or changing.
D)​related to modular communication.

Question 53

Being able to pick out your sister's comments from a babble of voices at a party illustrates the organizational principle of​

A)​figure-ground organization.
B)​alternative patterning.
C)​perceptual freezing.
D)​selection of empathetic other.
E)​attention to the irritating.

Question 54

All of the following perceptual factors influence the way we interpret behavior except which one?

A)​relational satisfaction
B)​assumptions about human behavior
C)​androgynous style
D)​past experience
E)​expectations

Question 55

You exhibit both male and female traits when faced with a difficult decision.

A)​punctuation
B)​interpretation
C)​empathy
D)​attribution error
E)​androgynous behavior

Question 56

The term that refers to men and women possessing a mixture of traits that have previously been considered exclusively masculine or feminine is​

A)​chauvinistic.
B)​adaptable.
C)​rhetorically sensitive.
D)​androgynous.
E)​analogous.

Question 57

Empathy is related to perception in that

A)​the more perceptive you are, the less empathetic you need be.
B)​the more perceptive you are, the easier it is to forget to be empathetic.
C)​empathy is facilitated by trying to perceive things from the other person's point of view.
D)​empathy and perception are both a result of self-fulfilling prophecies.

Question 58

The steps in the perception process are

A)​initial, intermediate, final.
B)​assumption, experience, expectation.
C)​physical, psychological, experimental.
D)​selection, organization, interpretation.
E)​response, action, interaction.

Question 59

You think that when your coworker uses profanity it's due to a flaw in her character, but when you use profanity it's because the situation demands it.

A)​punctuation
B)​interpretation
C)​empathy
D)​attribution error
E)​androgynous behavior

Question 60

You figure your friend's smile means she's happy.

A)​punctuation
B)​interpretation
C)​empathy
D)​attribution error
E)​androgynous behavior

Question 61

Bernadette complains to Patrick that the volume on the TV is too loud; Patrick claims he can't hear the TV if he turns it down.What type of perceptual influence does this example illustrate?

A)​psychological
B)​cultural
C)​gender
D)​social
E)​physiological

Question 62

Using the following problem, apply the Pillow Method to view the issue.Identify each position and explain each position clearly in relation to the scenario.Explain how an expanded view of the situation might affect the communication in this relationship.Problem: You and a friend have talked about taking a trip to Europe after college graduation.While planning the trip during senior year, you discover that your friend is insisting on taking an organized tour while you have always dreamed of backpacking through Europe and staying at hostels.

Question 63

How can we use the information described in the section on "Common Tendencies in Perception" to improve the accuracy of our perceptions?​

Question 64

All of the following are schemes by which we classify people except

A)​social roles.
B)​psychological traits.
C)​membership.
D)​interaction style.
E)​beliefs.

Question 65

Choose one of the following social roles-gender, occupational or relational-then explain how this area has influenced your perceptions.Use examples from your own life in your discussion.

Question 66

Consider a stereotype you might hold, either positive or negative.Using information from the text, explain what led you to have this specific stereotype and how your behavior and communication has been affected by it.

Question 67

Describe the five perceptual tendencies identified by researchers in Chapter Three.What role has each played/not played in the formation of your perceptions of three people important to you?

Question 68

Which of the following is most likely to account for your tendency to overlook the faults of your new romantic partner?

A)​gender roles
B)​occupational roles
C)​relational roles
D)​cultural roles
E)​none of the above

Question 69

Using the pillow method can

A)​enhance cognitive complexity.
B)​boost empathy.
C)​lead to valuable insights.
D)​b & c
E)​all of the above

Question 70

How does the concept of self-fulfilling prophecy from Chapter 2 relate to the interpretation step in the perception process? Give examples.