Question 1

The phenomenon of variables combining to produce an effect that is different from the effect of either variable alone is the&#10;A)interaction&#10;B)main effect&#10;C)inclusion criteria&#10;D)basis of correlational research&#10;E)most common flaw in experimental research

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described is known as interaction. Interaction occurs when the effect of one variable on the outcome depends on the level of another variable. This is different from the main effect, which is the effect of one variable overall, regardless of the level of the other variable. Inclusion criteria refers to the criteria used to select participants for a study, while correlational research is a type of research that examines the relationship between variables. The given phenomenon is not a flaw in experimental research, though it is important for researchers to be aware of interactions when designing and interpreting their studies.

Question 2

Patients who had suffered a heart attack were randomly assigned to two groups,One group received Cardiac Rehab,and the other did not.This is an example of&#10;A)a positive correlation&#10;B)a negative correlation&#10;C)a random clinical trial&#10;D)a cross sectional design&#10;E)fatal research flaw

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a randomized clinical trial, where patients were randomly assigned to either receive cardiac rehab or not. This is a common method for testing the effectiveness of interventions or treatments in healthcare. Options A and B are incorrect because correlation does not apply in this scenario as no relationships are being tested. Option D is incorrect because cross-sectional research design looks at data at a specific point in time, and this trial involves following patients over time. Option E is incorrect as there is no evidence of any fatal research flaw in this trial.

Question 3

Describe three common flaws in health psychology research.

Accepted Answer

NO Answer

Question 4

What are the advantages and disadvantages of longitudinal and cross-sectional research designs as they apply to health psychology research?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the advantages and disadvantages of...

Question 5

Tony was very excited to be included in a study of student health facilities on his campus.He is already thinking about the kinds of answers he should give,even before he has seen the questions.Tony's beliefs about the study could very well cause him to respond to the questions as he thinks he is supposed to answer rather than what he really thinks.This is an example of

A)sampling bias
B)a retrospective flaw
C)a potential demand characteristic
D)a main effect
E)applied research

Accepted Answer

Tony's beliefs about the study are causing him to anticipate what is expected of him, leading to potential demand characteristics. This is a common issue in research, where participants may feel compelled to give socially desirable responses rather than their true opinions or experiences.

Question 6

A research design investigating people who have developed medical conditions and tracing back in their history to find variables that would possibly explain how they came to have that condition is called

A)factor analysis
B)longitudinal research
C)retrospective research
D)cross sectional research
E)quasiexperimental field research

Accepted Answer

Retrospective research involves looking back at past events and using that information to determine possible causes or correlations. In this case, the research design involves looking back in the history of individuals with medical conditions to find variables that may have contributed to their condition. Factor analysis involves identifying patterns among variables and grouping them together, longitudinal research involves following a group of individuals over a period of time, cross-sectional research involves gathering data from a group of individuals at one point in time, and quasi-experimental field research involves manipulating variables in a natural setting.

Question 7

Marty recently submitted a case study to a health psychology journal.He is aware that the findings of his study&#10;A)may not be accepted because it is a case study&#10;B)had a very small control group&#10;C)cannot always be generalized to other people&#10;D)was prospective rather than retrospective&#10;E)are subject to inclusion criteria

Accepted Answer

Case studies are typically done on a small sample size (usually just one person) and therefore may not be representative of the general population. While case studies can provide valuable insights, the findings may not be applicable to everyone.

Deck 12: Conducting Research in Health Psychology