Deck 34: Transport of Infants and Children

Question 1

Why must fixed-wing aircraft have the ability to control cabin pressure during the transport of critically patients?

A)To avoid the crew "blacking out"
B)To provide the patient's oxygenation needs
C)To avoid the patient becoming hypercarbic
D)To reduce the risk of fire

Answer 1

B
All airplanes used for critical patient transport should have the ability to control the cabin altitude (pressurization),which makes transporting critically ill patients with marginal arterial oxygenation possible.

Question 2

Which of the following effects are expected during ascent in air transport?

A)Decreased urine output
B)Respiratory rate decreases
C)Endotracheal tube cuff pressure decreases
D)Depth of breathing increases

Answer 2

D
As the aircraft and patient rise in altitude,the volume of contained gases will expand.This expansion has the following clinical implications for patient care: increased respiratory rate and depth,changes in intravenous flow rates,nausea and vomiting,increased need to urinate,increased pain,endotracheal tube cuff expansion (prevented by filling the cuff with normal saline),and increased sinus pressure in the case of head colds or blocked sinuses.

Question 3

What is the most expensive component of a pediatric transport program?

A)Personnel salaries
B)Cost associated with training personnel
C)Transport vehicles
D)Updating equipment

Answer 3

C
The single largest expense of a transport program is the operation and maintenance of its transport vehicles.

Question 4

What are the negative effects of an aircraft flown with a sea-level cabin altitude?

A)A higher flight altitude is necessary.
B)Air-to-ground communications become difficult.
C)Fuel consumption often increases.
D)The aircraft may encounter more altitude-related concerns.

Question 5

Which of the following distances is considered the effective radius for rapid transport of critically ill patients via helicopter?

A)Less than 30 miles
B)Between 30 and 150 miles
C)Between 150 and 250 miles
D)Between 250 and 300 miles

Question 6

How large should the interior of an ambulance be for accommodating equipment and personnel?

A)Large enough for two incubators and eight personnel
B)Large enough for one large incubator and two team members
C)Large enough to secure two transport incubators and room to seat enough team members to provide care
D)Large enough to be versatile regardless of the equipment and personnel needs

Question 7

What are some of the operational features that characterize a pediatric transport unit?
I)110-V AC electrical power
II)Point-of-care radiographic equipment
III)Medical air and oxygen
IV)Suction capabilities and equipment

A)III and IV only
B)I,II,and IV only
C)I,III,and IV only
D)II,III,and IV only

Question 8

What has proved to be the benefit of point-of-care blood analysis during transport?

A)Cost-effectiveness
B)Durability of the equipment
C)Reduced patient stabilization time
D)The need for fewer blood samples

Question 9

Which of the following professional organizations have developed educational requirements or training programs for pediatric transport personnel?
I)National Board for Respiratory Care
II)American Association for Respiratory Care
III)American Academy of Pediatrics
IV)Air & Surface Transport Nurses Association

A)I and II only
B)III and IV only
C)I,II,and III only
D)II,III,and IV only

Question 10

During transport,how is the decision made to provide volume- or pressure-controlled ventilation?

A)The patient always receives volume-controlled ventilation.
B)The patient always receives pressure-controlled ventilation.
C)The type of ventilation used is determined by the physician's order.
D)The type of ventilation used depends on the patient's needs.

Question 11

How much medical gas needs to be taken on a transport?

A)Enough to last 30 minutes beyond the calculated duration
B)Twice the calculated amount
C)Three times the calculated amount
D)Enough gas is always on board

Question 12

Which of the following distances is generally considered the maximum mileage in one direction for ground transport of a critically ill child?

A)15 miles
B)30 miles
C)45 miles
D)60 miles

Question 13

Which of the following types of health care providers generally compose the crew for infant transport?

A)Discharge planner and nurse
B)Respiratory therapist and nurse
C)Physician and nurse
D)Discharge planner and physician

Question 14

Which of the following communication systems is the most advantageous for fixed-wing ambulances to have to accomplish air-to-hospital communications?

A)UHF/AM transceiver
B)Walkie-talkie type phone
C)VHF radios
D)Satellite-type cell phone